Download or read book Thermotolerance of Feral and Managed Honey Bees Apis Mellifera in Southern California written by Anngely Leeds and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Honey bees (Apis mellifera) provide pollination services for many crops globally, but extreme weather and changing temperatures due to climate change may threaten the health of this species. Although we know that honey bee survival can decrease due to thermal stress, we know less about how thermal stress affects feral honey bees given that they are potentially adapted to higher temperatures in certain climates. Our research investigated the effect of extreme heat and cold on feral and managed honey bees in San Diego County, California. In this region, managed honey bees are pure European Apis mellifera, while the majority of feral honey bees are genetically admixed with Apis mellifera scutellata, from Africa, which are thought to be limited in their range by cold and to be more tolerant of heat. We measured individual survival between feral and managed honey bees after exposure to incubator heat shock or cold shock, critical thermal maxima and minima, and chill coma recovery time. Feral bees had higher survival compared to managed bees following heat shock or cold shock, but they did not differ with respect to CTmax, CTmin, or chill coma recovery time, suggesting that the effects of temperature upon survival require some time to manifest. Thus, the range of scutellata hybrids may not be constrained by individual survival following cold exposure but by colony-level effects or broader environmental effects linked with colder climates. These hybrids are, however, evidently better adapted to warmer conditions compared to pure European honey bees.
Download or read book Genetic Structure of Feral Honey Bee Apis Mellifera L Populations in California written by David Irven Nielsen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Social Immunity in Feral Honey Bees Apis Mellifera in Response to the Parasitic Mite Varroa Destructor written by Brandon Mukogawa and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Varroa destructor is a parasitic mite that threatens managed and feral Apis mellifera colonies worldwide. Managed honey bees are regularly treated with miticides to control for Varroa, but the use of these chemicals reduces bee fitness and leads to the evolution of miticide resistance in V. destructor. However, feral colonies, which tend to be more Africanized, may tolerate mites without chemical treatment. Some studies have shown Africanized colonies demonstrate increased hygienic behavior by removing more dead brood and by grooming more intensely, making them potentially more Varroa-resistant. Thus, comparing the behavior of feral and managed bees can reveal the potential role of social immunity in feral bee tolerance against V. destructor. These findings can better inform traits of interest for bee breeding programs. Interestingly, no differences in mite infestation were observed despite that managed bees were treated with miticides at multiple times throughout the year. This result suggests that feral colonies have ways to reduce their mite levels. There were no observed differences in the social immunity of feral and managed honey bees as measured by their hygienic, self-grooming, or mite biting behavior. However, we provide the first evidence that both feral and managed honey bees bite off mite forelegs at higher rates than other legs; mite forelegs contain chemosensory organs that mites use to find brood cells to reproduce in. Such biting may therefore impair mite reproduction. Future studies should therefore focus on other mechanisms that evidently allow feral bees to resist Varroa infestation.
Download or read book The Effect of Urbanization on the Immunocompetence and Pathogen Pressure of Managed and Feral Honey Bees Apis Mellifera Linneaus written by Robert Holden Appler and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Morphometric Variation of Feral and Managed Colonies of Honeybees Apis Mellifera L from Yucatan Mexico written by J.J.G. Quezada-Euan and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Potential Nest Sites for Feral Honey Bees Apis Mellifera in Managed and Semi natural Forests in Germany written by Kristin Garner and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodiversity in Agriculture written by Paul Gepts and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of plant and animal agriculture represents one of the most important milestones in human evolution. It contributed to the development of cities, alphabets, new technologies, and ultimately to civilizations, but it has also presented a threat to both human health and the environment. Bringing together research from a range of fields including anthropology, archaeology, ecology, economics, entomology, ethnobiology, genetics and geography, this book addresses key questions relating to agriculture. Why did agriculture develop and where did it originate? What are the patterns of domestication for plants and animals? How did agroecosystems originate and spread from their locations of origin? Exploring the cultural aspects of the development of agricultural ecosystems, the book also highlights how these topics can be applied to our understanding of contemporary agriculture, its long-term sustainability, the co-existence of agriculture and the environment, and the development of new crops and varieties.
Download or read book Insect Behavior written by Janice R. Matthews and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in insect behavior is growing rapidly, as reflected both in courses devoted fully to the topic and in its inclusion in general biology, ecology, invertebrate zoology, and animal behavior--as well as general entomology--curricula. Instructors and students find that insects are in many ways uniquely suitable animals for behavioral study: the
Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Hormesis in Evolutionary Ecology and Physiology written by David Costantini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses oxidative stress and hormesis from the perspective of an evolutionary ecologist or physiologist. In the first of ten chapters, general historical information, definitions, and background of research on oxidative stress physiology, hormesis, and life history are provided. Chapters 2-10 highlight the different solutions that organisms have evolved to cope with the oxidative threats posed by their environments and lifestyles. The author illustrates how oxidative stress and hormesis have shaped diversity in organism life-histories, behavioral profiles, morphological phenotypes, and aging mechanisms. The book offers fascinating insights into how organisms work and how they evolve to sustain their physiological functions under a vast array of environmental conditions.
Download or read book Parasite Diversity and Diversification written by Serge Morand and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-26 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By joining phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, this book explores the patterns of parasite diversity while revealing diversification processes.
Download or read book Ecotoxicology of Metals in Invertebrates written by Reinhard Dallinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-01-25 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecotoxicology of Metals in Invertebrates reviews the state of the art in research concerning metal exposure of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial invertebrates. The book focuses on the uptake and accumulation of essential and non-essential trace metals by invertebrates, metal detoxification and involved mechanisms, adaptations to metal stress, metal regulation and elimination, distribution and speciation of metals in different organs and tissues, and interaction of metals with biotic and abiotic factors. Toxicological studies involve histopathological, electron microscopic, physiological, and biochemical methods. The book emphasizes the ecological and ecotoxicological implications that can be derived from metal exposure of invertebrates in the field. The significance of background concentrations, the evaluation of critical concentrations, and the establishment of environmental quality criteria are discussed as well. Ecotoxicology of Metals in Invertebrates is an excellent reference for ecologists, ecotoxicologists, environmental scientists, ecophysiologists, and students.
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Microbial Insecticides written by Heikki M.T. Hokkanen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-11-30 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological pesticides are increasingly finding therr place in IPM and increasing numbers of products are making therr way to the marketplace. Particularly in China, Latin America and Australia, implementation is proceeding on a large scale. However, in the USA and Europe, registration procedures for insect pathogens to be used for insect control have been established that requrre low levels of risk, resulting in costs of retarding the implementation of microbial agents. This book provides a review of the state of the art of studies on the envrronmental impact of microbial insecticides. It originates from a Society for Invertebrate Pathology Microbial Control Division Symposium .. Assessment of envrronmental safety of biological insecticides", organised in collaboration with the EU-ERBIC research project (FAIR5-CT97-3489). This symposium was initiated by Heikki Hokkanen and Chris Lomer, and was held at the SIP Annual Meeting in 2001 in The Netherlands. The emphasis in this book is on large scale use of microbial agents for insect control, demonstrating how this use has been proceeding with minimal envrron mental impact. This book is intended to be of use to regulatory authorities in determining whether further studies in eertain areas are necessary and how to conduct them if needed, or whether sufficient information has been collected already to permit fuH registration of many of these biological control agents.
Download or read book Introduction to Fungi written by John Webster and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-06-19 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This new edition of the universally acclaimed and widely used textbook on fungal biology has been completely rewritten, drawing directly on the authors' research and teaching experience. The text takes account of the rapid and exciting progress that has been made in the taxonomy, cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, pathology and ecology of the fungi. Features of taxonomic significance are integrated with natural functions, including their relevance to human affairs."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Ant Ecology written by Lori Lach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incredible global diversity of ants, and their important ecological roles, mean that we cannot ignore the significance of ants in ecological systems. Ant Ecology takes the reader on a journey of discovery from the beginnings of ants many hundreds of thousands of years ago, through to the makings of present day distributions.
Download or read book Land Use Intensification written by Saul Cunningham and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2012-07-18 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There can be little doubt that there are truly colossal challenges associated with providing food, fibre and energy for an expanding world population without further accelerating already rapid rates of biodiversity loss and undermining the ecosystem processes on which we all depend. These challenges are further complicated by rapid changes in climate and its additional direct impacts on agriculture, biodiversity and ecological processes. There are many different viewpoints about the best way to deal with the myriad issues associated with land use intensification and this book canvasses a number of these from different parts of the tropical and temperate world. Chapters focus on whether science can suggest new and improved approaches to reducing the conflict between productive land use and biodiversity conservation. Who should read this book? Policy makers in regional, state and federal governments, as well as scientists and the interested lay public.
Download or read book The Ecology of Fungal Entomopathogens written by Helen E. Roy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-04 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of the ecology of fungal entomopathogens has vastly increased since the early 1800’s, but remains challenging. The often complex interactions between pathogen and host are being unravelled through eloquent research and the importance of the often subtle interactions, in determining the success or failure of biological control, cannot be underplayed. The realm of ecology is vast and deciphering insect-fungal pathogen interactions within an ecological context will take us on voyages beyond our imagination. This book brings together the work of renowned scientists to provide a synthesis of recent research on the ecology of fungal entomopathogens exploring host-pathogen dynamics from the context of biological control and beyond. Dr. Helen Roy leads zoological research in the Biological Records Centre at the NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, UK. The focus of her research is insect community interactions with particular emphasis on the effects of environmental change. She has been working on the ecological interactions between fungal entomopathogens and their hosts for 15 years; this continues to be a source of fascination. She has been an associate editor of BioControl since 2006. Dr. Dave Chandler is an insect pathologist at the University of Warwick, UK. He has studied entomopathogenic fungi for just over 20 years. He has particular interests in entomopathogenic fungi as biocontrol agents of horticultural crops, fungal physiology and ecology, and the pathogens of honeybees. Dr. Mark Goettel is an insect pathologist at the Lethbridge Research Centre of Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, specializing in the development of fungal entomopathogens as microbial control agents of insects. In addition to this research, he has been extensively involved in the review and revision of the regulations for registration of microbial control agents and has addressed regulatory and safety issues at the international level. He is currently President of the Society for Invertebrate Pathology and has been Editor-in-Chief of Biocontrol Science & Technology since 2000. Dr. Judith K. Pell heads the Insect Pathology Group in the Department for Plant and Invertebrate Ecology at Rothamsted Research, UK. She leads research on the ecology of fungal entomopathogens, to elucidate their role in population regulation and community structure and to inform biological control strategies. Specifically: intraguild interactions; the relationships between guild diversity, habitat diversity and ecosystem function; pathogen-induced host behavioural change. Dr. Eric Wajnberg is a population biologist specialising in behavioural ecology, statistical modelling and population genetics. He is also an expert in biological control, with more than 20 years experience of working with insect parasitoids. He has been the Editor in Chief of BioControl since 2006. Dr. Fernando E. Vega is an entomologist with the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, in Beltsville, Maryland, USA. He conducts research on biological methods to control the coffee berry borer, the most important insect pest of coffee throughout the world. He is co-editor, with Meredith Blackwell, of Insect-Fungal Associations: Ecology and Evolution, published by Oxford University Press in 2005, and serves as an Editorial Board Member for Fungal Ecology.
Download or read book Avian Genetics written by F. Cooke and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avian Genetics: A Population and Ecological Approach is a collection of papers that deals with the study of birds in relation to the synthetic theory of evolution. This book studies the ecology, demography, behavior, and geographical distribution of birds; the text also discusses quantitative, chromosomal, biochemical, and population genetics. Part I reviews the various genetic interactions, including an analysis of DNA sequence variation. The different and newer techniques are compared such as the works of Sibley, Quinn, and White. Part II describes the molding genetic variation and covers topics such as inbreeding; gene flow and the genetic structure of populations; non-random mating; and the process of selection in natural populations of birds. Part III covers actual genetic case histories, including quantitative ecological genetics of great tits; genetic evolution of house sparrows; and presentation of evidence for sexual selection by female choice in the Arctic Skua. This book also presents future research in subjects such as the neutrality-selection controversy or genetics and conservation. This text can be beneficial for ecologists, ornithologists, animal conservationists, and population biologists studying birds.
