Download or read book Thermal Radiation Damage to Cellulosic Materials written by S. B. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Radiation Damage to Cellulosic Materials written by S. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mechanisms of Ignition of Cellulosic Materials by Intense Thermal Radiation written by S. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Potassium Bicarbonate on the Ignition of Cellulose by Thermal Radiation written by A. Broido and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IN ACCORD WITH THE ESTABLISHED EFFECTIVENESS OF KHCO3 as a fire extinguishing agent, it has been shown that KHCO3 treatment of alpha cellulose papers prior to their exposure to thermal radiation reduces their sensitivity to transient flaming and that sustained flaming may be completely prevented without adding more than 1.5% by weight. On the other hand, KHCO3 treatment greatly increases the sensitivity of cellulose to glowing ignition, APPARENTLY BY INCREASING THE RATE AND DEGREE OF PYROLYSIS. Treatment particularly enhances the production during pyrolysis of such combustible gases as H2, CH4, C2H4, and C2H6 at the expense of high molecular weight, tarry materials. (Author).
Download or read book Damage to Cellulosic Solids by Thermal Radiation written by D. L. Simms and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book THERMAL EFFECTS ON CELLULOSIC MATERIALS written by W. L. Fons and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project had as its primary objectives the determination of (1) the minimum thermal-ignition energies for fine kindling fuels and (2) the depth of char in wood as a check on equations developed from laboratory data obtained with a carbon arc. Test specimens of alpha-cellulose paper of various thicknesses, densities, and carbon contents; six common kindling fuels (cotton denim, rayon cloth, newspaper, pine needles, dry grass, and corrugated fiberboard); and three species of wood (maple, willow, balsa) were exposed to the radiation from Shot Cherokee at Sites Dog and George. The specimens were exposed to thermal radiation directly and, also, behind attenuating screens of different transmissions. For different moisture contents, part of the specimens were in containers vented to the atmosphere and part in moisture-proof containers containing a desiccant. Because the bomb burst was not directly over planned target zero, the direct radiation from the entire fireball entered the cells at an appreciable angle, irradiating only a small portion of each specimen at Site George and missing the specimens entirely at Site Dog. For this reason, the depths of char of the wood specimens were without significance. Data were obtained that permitted an estimate of the critical ignition energy for newspaper, pin needles, and ten of the black papers. Analysis of the black-paper data indicates that the minimum thermal energy causing ignition was increased by moisture content and density had more effect on the critical ignition energy of the thick papers than of the thin papers. (Author).
Download or read book Radiation Effects in Materials written by Waldemar Alfredo Monteiro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of radiation effects has developed as a major field of materials science from the beginning, approximately 70 years ago. Its rapid development has been driven by two strong influences. The properties of the crystal defects and the materials containing them may then be studied. The types of radiation that can alter structural materials consist of neutrons, ions, electrons, gamma rays or other electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths. All of these forms of radiation have the capability to displace atoms/molecules from their lattice sites, which is the fundamental process that drives the changes in all materials. The effect of irradiation on materials is fixed in the initial event in which an energetic projectile strikes a target. The book is distributed in four sections: Ionic Materials; Biomaterials; Polymeric Materials and Metallic Materials.
Download or read book Thermal Radiation Damage to Cloths as a Function of Time of Exposure Rectangular Pulses written by JOHN J. BATES and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The total e ergy (radiant exposure) required to produce a given level of damage in a material is dependent on the time during which the material is irradiated and the rate at which the energy is applied (irradiance). The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of this relationship for cloths. Several cotton and wool cloths ere exposed to the 3 carbonarc sources. Results indicate that reciprocity holds for rectangular pulses of intense thermal radiation applied to the cloths, for char-through and for complete destruction, only for exposure times equal to or less than 1 second. For threshold damage for these times and for all 3 levels of damage for exposure times greater than 1 sec, the critical radiant exposure is not constant but is proportional to approximately the one-fourth power of the exposure time. (Author).
Download or read book Effects of Thermal Radiation on Materials written by Thomas I. Monahan and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project was to evaluate a physical skin simulant for determining the burn severity behind irradiated cloth barriers. The skin simulant consists of a polyethylene plastic, in the surface of which a thermocouple is imbedded to measure the associated temperature rise. The purpose of the project was to correlate exposures to the nuclear detonation with the corresponding exposures to laboratory sources of thermal radiation. Supporting measurements were made, including the spectral distribution of and the equivalent black-body temperature of the radiation incident at the several stations, employing passive-receiver calorimeters; evaluation of temperature-sensitive indicators for use with the physical skin simulant; the effect of duration of exposure on the extent of thermal damage; and the contribution of a material's absorptance and other material parameters to the total thermal damage to cloths. (Author).
Download or read book Oxygen Concentration and Pressure Effects on the Ignition of Cellulosic Fuels by Thermal Radiation written by Norman J. Alvares and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of the ignition time and surface temperature, at the time of ignition for cellulosic fuels in varying atmospheric environments were made in order to help illuminate the mechanism responsible for the spontaneous ignition of these materials exposed to thermal radiation. It was assumed that the mechanism would fall into one of three categories, and these were: (1) A piloted self-ignition, which is dependent in some way upon the temperature of the pyrolyzing solid. (2) A thermal self-ignition which is governed mainly by gaseous heat transfer. (3) A free-radical chain branching self-ignition which should be quite pressure dependent. The varied environmental atmospheric parameters were: (1) Total atmospheric pressure, holding the oxygen concentration constant; (2) oxygen concentration with the total pressure held constant; and (3) the thermal conductivity of the atmospheric environment by use of different diluent gases with both the total pressure and oxygen concentration held constant. Both the surface temperature and ignition response data provide evidence which indicate the thermal self-ignition to be the most likely mechanism responsible for this phenomena. (Author).
Download or read book Ignition Inhibitors for Cellulosic Materials Fire Retardants Effects of Irradiation written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By exposing samples to various irradiance levels from a calibrated thermal radiation source, the ignition responses of blackened alpha-cellulose and cotton cloth with and without fire-retardant additives were compared. Samples treated with retardant compounds which showed the most promise were then isothermally pyrolyzed in air for comparisons between the pyrolysis rates. Alpha-cellulose samples containing a mixture of boric acid, borax, and ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate could not be ignited by irradiances up to 4.0 cal cm−2 s-1 (16.7 W/cm2). At higher irradiances the specimens ignited, but flaming lasted only until the flammable gases were depleted. Cotton cloth containing a polymeric retardant with the designation THPC + MM was found to be ignition-resistant to all irradiances below 7.0 cal cm−2 s−1 (29.3 W/cm2). Comparison of the pyrolysis rates of the retardant-treated alpha-cellulose and the retardant-treated cotton showed that the retardant mechanism is qualitatively the same. Similar ignition-response measurements were also made with specimens exposed to ionizing radiation. It was observed that gamma radiation results in ignition retardance of cellulose, while irradiation by neutrons does not.
Download or read book U S Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Decade of Basic and Applied Science in the Navy written by United States. Office of Naval Research and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Gas Chromatography to Problems in Rapid Degradative Reactions of Solids written by S. B. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mechanisms of Pyrolysis Oxidation and Burning of Organic Materials written by Leo Aloysius Wall and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
