Download or read book Thermal Network Model Development for an Extended Range Electric Vehicle Battery Pack with Experimental Verification Through Dynamic Environmental Exposure written by Ryan Filion and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective was to develop a thermal model of the Chevrolet Volt battery pack, with focused on the influence of packaging components external to the cell modules, and on the pack's response to ambient environmental influences. The thermal network was refined experimentally using heat flux and temperature measurements on a production vehicle battery pack. The initial model representing lab conditions produced simulation results with very good accuracy, comparable to the level of signal noise itself. The verified lab model was then modified to match the environment of the real vehicle, considering engine bay temperature, chassis temperature, underbody convection, and road radiation. This full thermal model was verified using road test data, and reproduced temperature and heat flow with accuracy comparable to the lab test runs. The final thermal network can be employed to perform a dynamic thermal analysis through a wide range of drive profiles combined with environmental exposure conditions.

Download or read book Simulation of Thermoelastic Behaviour of Spacecraft Structures written by Simon Appel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides recommendations for thermal and structural modelling of spacecraft structures for predicting thermoelastic responses. It touches upon the related aspects of the finite element and thermal lumped parameter method. A mix of theoretical and practical examples supports the modelling guidelines. Starting from the system needs of instruments of spacecraft, the reader is supported with the development of the practical requirements for the joint development of the thermal and structural models. It provides points of attention and suggestions to check the quality of the models. The temperature mapping problem, typical for spacecraft thermoelastic analysis, is addressed. The principles of various temperature mapping methods are presented. The prescribed average temperature method, co-developed by the authors, is discussed in detail together with its spin-off to provide high quality conductors for thermal models. The book concludes with the discussion of the application of uncertainty assessment methods. The thermoelastic analysis chain is computationally expensive. Therefore, the 2k+1 point estimate method of Rosenblueth is presented as an alternative for the Monte Carlo Simuation method, bringing stochastic uncertainty analysis in reach for large thermoelastic problems.

Download or read book Thermal Management of a Battery Pack for Electric Vehicles written by Khalid Ziat and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis is to study the thermal behavior of a Li-ion battery for different charge and discharge currents to apply a passive cooling system using phase change materials (PCM) and to verify its efficiency when used with a module of several batteries. Our study is based on an experimental and a numerical study. A test bench is implemented to charge and discharge the batteries at constant current. A Li-ion battery with a capacity of 60 Ah and a prismatic shape was tested for charge currents ranging between 40A and 60A and discharge currents varying from 40A to 100A. The experimental study carried out on the battery shows that the temperature measured on the positive electrode best represents the temperature of the battery core. Moreover, the measurements of the temperatures and the heat dissipation allowed the determination of the heat transfer coefficient as well as the entropic heat coefficient which were introduced in the proposed numerical model. The numerical study led to the development of two models. A 3D model that allows the determination of the temperature at any point of the battery has been proposed by solving the three-dimensional heat equation using the ADI method. Indeed, the model was used to propose two correlations allowing the prediction of the maximum temperature increase as well as the heat energy generated by the battery for given charge and discharge currents. In addition, the second model is based on the equivalent thermal networks which simplifies the physical problem. The developed models have been validated by comparison with experimental results. Finally, a new Chroma 17020 test bench was installed to experimentally test a module of several batteries tested under dynamic currents determined from normalized driving cycles. The experimental results were compared to the results predicted by the proposed model. Cooling solutions using a microencapsulated INERTEK 32 phase change material are also studied. A method for calculating the mass of PCM to ensure the dissipation of the heat generated by the batteries during operating time is proposed using the developed correlations.

Download or read book Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Systems written by Ibrahim Din¿er and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Systems provides a thorough examination of various conventional and cutting edge electric vehicle (EV) battery thermal management systems (including phase change material) that are currently used in the industry as well as being proposed for future EV batteries. It covers how to select the right thermal management design, configuration and parameters for the users’ battery chemistry, applications and operating conditions, and provides guidance on the setup, instrumentation and operation of their thermal management systems (TMS) in the most efficient and effective manner. This book provides the reader with the necessary information to develop a capable battery TMS that can keep the cells operating within the ideal operating temperature ranges and uniformities, while minimizing the associated energy consumption, cost and environmental impact. The procedures used are explained step-by-step, and generic and widely used parameters are utilized as much as possible to enable the reader to incorporate the conducted analyses to the systems they are working on. Also included are comprehensive thermodynamic modelling and analyses of TMSs as well as databanks of component costs and environmental impacts, which can be useful for providing new ideas on improving vehicle designs. Key features: Discusses traditional and cutting edge technologies as well as research directions Covers thermal management systems and their selection for different vehicles and applications Includes case studies and practical examples from the industry Covers thermodynamic analyses and assessment methods, including those based on energy and exergy, as well as exergoeconomic, exergoenvironmental and enviroeconomic techniques Accompanied by a website hosting codes, models, and economic and environmental databases as well as various related information Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Systems is a unique book on electric vehicle thermal management systems for researchers and practitioners in industry, and is also a suitable textbook for senior-level undergraduate and graduate courses.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Lithium ion Battery Cells and Packs for Electric Vehicles written by Satyam Panchal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest challenge in the production of future generation electric and hybrid vehicle (EV and HEV) technology is the control and management of operating temperatures and heat generation. Vehicle performance, reliability and ultimately consumer market adoption are dependent on the successful design of the thermal management system. In addition, accurate battery thermal models capable of predicting the behavior of lithium-ion batteries under various operating conditions are necessary. Therefore, this work presents the thermal characterization of a prismatic lithium-ion battery cell and pack comprised of LiFePO4 electrode material. Thermal characterization is performed via experiments that enable the development of an empirical battery thermal model. This work starts with the design and development of an apparatus to measure the surface temperature profiles, heat flux, and heat generation from a lithium-ion battery cell and pack at different discharge rates of 1C, 2C, 3C, and 4C and varying operating temperature/boundary conditions (BCs) of 5oC, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C for water cooling and ~22°C for air cooling. For this, a large sized prismatic LiFePO4 battery is cooled by two cold plates and nineteen thermocouples and three heat flux sensors are applied to the battery at distributed locations. The experimental results show that the temperature distribution is greatly affected by both the discharge rate and BCs. The developed experimental facility can be used for the measurement of heat generation from any prismatic battery, regardless of chemistry. In addition, thermal images are obtained at different discharge rates to enable visualization of the temperature distribution. In the second part of the research, an empirical battery thermal model is developed at the above mentioned discharge rates and varying BCs based on the acquired data using a neural network approach. The simulated data from the developed model is validated with experimental data in terms of the discharge temperature, discharge voltage, heat flux profiles, and the rate of heat generation profile. It is noted that the lowest temperature is 7.11°C observed for 1C-5°C and the highest temperature is observed to be 41.11°C at the end of discharge for 4C-35°C for cell level testing. The proposed battery thermal model can be used for any kind of Lithium-ion battery. An example of this use is demonstrated by validating the thermal performance of a realistic drive cycle collected from an EV at different environment temperatures. In the third part of the research, an electrochemical battery thermal model is developed for a large sized prismatic lithium-ion battery under different C-rates. This model is based on the principles of transport phenomena, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics presented by coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in x, r, and t. The developed model is validated with an experimental data and IR imaging obtained for this particular battery. It is seen that the surface temperature increases faster at a higher discharge rate and a higher temperature distribution is noted near electrodes. In the fourth part of the research, temperature and velocity contours are studied using a computational approach for mini-channel cold plates used for a water cooled large sized prismatic lithium-ion battery at different C-rates and BCs. Computationally, a high-fidelity turbulence model is also developed using ANSYS Fluent for a mini-channel cold plate, and the simulated data are then validated with the experimental data for temperature profiles. The present results show that increased discharge rates and increased operating temperature results in increased temperature at the cold plates. In the last part of this research, a battery degradation model of a lithium-ion battery, using real world drive cycles collected from an EV, is presented. For this, a data logger is installed in the EV and real world drive cycle data are collected. The vehicle is driven in the province of Ontario, Canada, and several drive cycles were recorded over a three-month period. A Thevenin battery model is developed in MATLAB along with an empirical degradation model. The model is validated in terms of voltage and state of charge (SOC) for all collected drive cycles. The presented model closely estimates the profiles observed in the experimental data. Data collected from the drive cycles show that a 4.60% capacity fade occurred over 3 months of driving.

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of Lithium ion Power Battery Thermal Management written by Junqiu Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-09 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the thermal management technology of lithium-ion batteries for vehicles. It introduces the charging and discharging temperature characteristics of lithium-ion batteries for vehicles, the method for modeling heat generation of lithium-ion batteries, experimental research and simulation on air-cooled and liquid-cooled heat dissipation of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-ion battery heating method based on PTC and wide-line metal film, self-heating using sinusoidal alternating current. This book is mainly for practitioners in the new energy vehicle industry, and it is suitable for reading and reference by researchers and engineering technicians in related fields such as new energy vehicles, thermal management and batteries. It can also be used as a reference book for undergraduates and graduate students in energy and power, electric vehicles, batteries and other related majors.

Download or read book Electrochemical thermal Modeling of Lithium ion Batteries written by Mehrdad Mastali Majdabadi Kohneh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incorporating lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries as an energy storage system in electric devices including electric vehicles brings about new challenges. In fact, the design of Li-ion batteries has to be optimized depending on each application specifications to improve the performance and safety of battery operation under each application and at the same time prevent the batteries from quick degradation. As a result, accurate models capable of predicting the behavior of Li-ion batteries under various operating conditions are necessary. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to develop a battery model that includes thermal heating and is suitable for large-sized prismatic cells used in electric vehicles. This works starts with developing a dual-extended Kalman filter based on an equivalent circuit model for the battery. The dual-extended Kalman filter simultaneously estimates the dynamic internal resistance and state of the charge of the battery. However, the estimated parameters are only the fitted values to the experimental data and may be non-physical. In addition, this filter is only valid for the operating conditions that it is validated against via experimental data. To overcome these issues, physics-based electrochemical models for Li-ion batteries are subsequently considered. One drawback of physics-based models is their high computational cost. In this work, two simplified one-dimensional physics-based models capable of predicting the output voltage of coin cells with less than 2.5% maximum error compared to the full-order model are developed. These models reduce the simulation computational time more than one order of magnitude. In addition to computational time, the accuracy of the physico-chemical model parameter estimates is a concern for physics-based models. Therefore, commercial LiFePO4 (LFP) and graphite electrodes are precisely modelled and characterized by fitting experimental data at different charge/discharge rates (C/5 to 5C). The temperature dependency of the kinetic and transport properties of LFP and graphite electrodes is also estimated by fitting experimental data at various temperatures (10 °C, 23 °C, 35 °C, and 45 °C). Since the spatial current and temperature variations in the large-sized prismatic cells are significant, one-dimensional models cannot be used for the modeling of these prismatic cells. In this work, a resistor network methodology is utilized to combine the one-dimensional models into a three-dimensional multi-layer model. The developed model is verified by comparing the simulated temperatures at the surface of the prismatic cell (consist of LFP as the positive and graphite as the negative electrode) to experimental data at different charge/discharge rates (1C, 2C, 3C, and 5C). Using the developed model the effect of tab size and location, and the current collector thickness, on the electrochemical characteristics of large-sized batteries is evaluated. It is shown that transferring tabs from the edges and the same side (common commercial design) to the center and opposite sides of the cell, and extending them as much as possible in width, lowers the non-uniformity variation in electrochemical current generation.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Download or read book Parameter Identification Methodology for Thermal Modeling of Li ion Batteries written by Yatin Khanna and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major shift in the mobility industry towards electric vehicles requires the development of safer energy storage systems (ESS). Li-ion ESS has been at the forefront of automotive, aerospace, and stationary ESS for power backup applications, albeit it suffers from thermal instability issues, which prompts investigation into the thermal behavior of these systems. Thermal modeling of Li-ion batteries is an essential practice to understand the mechanisms behind heat generation and distribution, and cognizance of the thermal behavior is crucial to developing safer Li-ion batteries and optimal thermal management solutions. However, one of the most significant challenges associated with developing thermal models is parameter identification due to the unique layered construction of a Li-ion cell. The simplest thermal model for a Li-ion battery can require the identification of ten or more unknown parameters. The accuracy of the model depends on the accuracy of the parameter identification process. Thermal models also require electrical models to predict heat generation in the cell, which requires a plethora of unknown parameters to be identified to simulate the electrical behavior of the cell. The overall accuracy of predicted temperature and thermal distribution is dependent on the accuracy of both the electrical and thermal models. The parameter identification for thermal modeling requires extensive experimentation, with its challenges, such as heat propagation to the experimental setup and power cables connecting the cell to the battery cycler. The goal of the research presented in this thesis is to develop an innovative experimental setup, test procedures, and calibration strategy for a lumped-parameter thermal model with the aim of accurately estimating the temperature of the cell and the cell tabs. The research aims at developing a test bench capable of minimizing the heat transfer from the cell to the power cables and the ambient. Two thermal experiments with different boundary conditions are designed that use the test bench for parameter identification and calibration. Finally, the parameters are validated using a standardized duty cycle. An equivalent circuit model is used in the study to estimate the electrical behavior of the cell. The test bench, experiments, and parameter identification, calibration, and validation process developed in the thesis can be used for the thermal characterization of Li-ion cells.

Download or read book Dynamic Modeling and Thermal Characterization of Lithium ion Batteries written by Khaled I. Alsharif and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized our everyday lives by laying the foundation for a wireless, interconnected and fossil-fuel-free society. Additionally, the demand for Li-ion batteries has seen a dramatic increase, as the automotive industry shifts up a gear in its transition to electric vehicles. To optimize the power and energy that can be delivered by a battery, it is necessary to predict the behavior of the cell under different loading conditions. However, electrochemical cells are complicated energy storage systems with nonlinear voltage dynamics. There is a need for accurate dynamic modeling of the battery system to predict behavior over time when discharging. The study conducted in this work develops an intuitive model for electrochemical cells based on a mechanical analogy. The mechanical analogy is based on a three degree of freedom spring-mass-damper system which is decomposed into modal coordinates that represent the overall discharge as well as the mass transport and the double layer effect of the electrochemical cell. The dynamic system is used to estimate the cells terminal voltage, open-circuit voltage and the mass transfer and boundary layer effects. The modal parameters are determined by minimizing the error between the experimental and simulated time responses. Also, these estimated parameters are coupled with a thermal model to predict the temperature profiles of the lithium-ion batteries. To capture the dynamic voltage and temperature responses, hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) tests are conducted with added thermocouples to measure temperature. The coupled model estimated the voltage and temperature responses at various discharge rates within 2.15% and 0.40% standard deviation of the error. Additionally, to validate the functionality of the developed dynamic battery model in a real system, a battery pack is constructed and integrated with a brushless DC motor (BLDC) and a load. Moreover, because of the unique pole orientation that a BLDC motor possesses, it puts a pulsing dynamic load on the battery pack of the system. HPPC testing was conducted on the cell that is used in the battery pack to calibrate the model parameters. After the battery model is calibrated, the rotation experiment is conducted at which a battery pack is used to drive a benchtop BLDC motor with a magnetorheological brake as a programable load at varying running speeds. The voltage and current of the battery and the BLDC motor driver are recorded. Meanwhile, the speed and the torque of the motor are recorded. These data are compared to the predicted voltage of the battery pack using the mechanical analogy model. The model estimated the voltage response of a battery pack within 0.0385% standard deviation of the error.

Download or read book Electro thermal Modeling of Lithium ion Batteries written by Maryam Yazdan pour and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development and implementation of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, particularly in applications, requires substantial diagnostic and practical modeling efforts to fully understand the thermal characteristics in the batteries across various operating conditions. Thermal modeling prompts the understanding of the battery thermal behavior beyond what is possible from experiments and it provides a basis for exploring thermal management strategies for batteries in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). These models should be sufficiently robust and computationally effective to be favorable for real time applications. The objective of this research is to develop a complete range of modeling approaches, from full numerical to analytical models, as a fast simulation tool for predicting the temperature distribution inside the pouch-type batteries. In the first part of the study, a series of analytical models is proposed to describe distributions of potential and current density in the electrodes along with the temperature field in Li-ion batteries during standard galvanostatic processes. First, a three-dimensional analytical solution is developed for temperature profile inside the Li-ion batteries. The solution is used to describe the special and temporal temperature evolution inside a pouch-type Li-ion cell subjected to the convective cooling at its surfaces. The results are successfully verified with the result of an independent numerical simulation. The solution is also adapted to study the thermal behavior of the prismatic and cylindrical-type nickel metal hydride battery (NiMH) batteries during fast charging processes, which demonstrated the versatility of the model. Afterward, to resolve the interplay of electrical and thermal processes on the heat generation and thermal processes, a closed-form model is developed for the electrical field inside the battery electrodes. The solution is coupled to the transient thermal model through the heat source term (Joulean heat). The results of the proposed multi-physic are validated through comparison with the experimental and numerical studies for standard constant current discharge tests. The model results show that the maximum temperature in the battery arises at the vicinity of the tabs, where the ohmic heat is established as a result of the convergence/divergence of the current streamlines. In the second part of the study, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is developed to simulate the current-voltage characteristics of the battery during transiently changing load profiles. The ECM that is calibrated by a set of characterization tests collected over a wide range of temperature, then coupled with a numerical electro-thermal model. The validated ECM-based model is capable of predicting the time variation of the surface temperature, voltage, and state of charge (SOC) of the battery during different driving cycles and environmentaltemperatures.

Download or read book Development of Evaporative Cooling Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles written by Ahmad Hilmi bin Khalid and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Battery pack needs to generate a high output within a very short time to meet the power demand of an electric vehicle when it is in acceleration. High discharge current causes significant warming of the Li-ion cells due to internal resistance within the cells. LiFePO4 batteries, however, can be used efficiently only within an operating temperature in the range of 20oC to 40oC. The life span and lifecycle of the battery will reduced significantly if the temperature goes above the recommended range. The rationale of this study is to develop an innovative evaporative cooling battery thermal management system (EC-BThMS) to control the battery temperature in the range of 20oC to 40oC. The simplified mathematical equations have been developed in this study for the kinematics analysis and simulation to investigate the temperature profile of the battery based on discharge current drawn, total heat generation and total heat dissipation from the battery. The performance investigation of the EC-BThMS has been conducted both theoretically and experimentally during discharging mode. Theoretically, it was found that the battery temperature varies from 26.5oCto 31oCfor discharge current in the range of 40 A to 100 A. Experimentally, testing results in IIUM campus road found that the battery temperature varies from 28oC to 34oC for discharge current in the range of 35 A to 120 A. While testing results in Sepang International Circuit (SIC) showed that the battery temperature was in the range of 26oC to 35oCfor discharge current in the range of 60 A to 80 A. The performance of developed EC-BThMS in SIC has also been compared with two types of air cooling battery thermal management systems (AC-BThMS) used in others Proton Saga EV. It was found that the Proton Saga EV with EC-BThMS can save 17.69% more energy than with AC-BThM 1 and 23% than with AC-BThMS 2. The correlations between the measured and predicted values of temperature profiles of the battery during operation have been found to be 97.3%. This is indicates that the predicted data over the measured data have a closed agreement and thus, substantially verified the mathematical model.

Download or read book Impact of Vehicle Charge and Discharge Cycles on the Thermal Characteristics of Lithium ion Batteries written by Satyam Panchal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance, life-cycle cost, and safety of electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EVs and HEVs) depend strongly on the vehicle's energy storage system. Advanced batteries such as lithium-ion (Li-ion) polymer batteries are quite viable options for storing energy in EVs and HEVs. Battery temperature impacts battery performance, SOH, and may even present a safety risk. Therefore, thermal management is essential for achieving the desired performance and life-cycle from a vehicle battery pack comprised of a particular battery cell or module. This work presents the thermal characteristics of a prismatic pouch battery comprised of LiFePO4 electrode material and modules. Characterization is performed via experiments that enable development of an empirical battery thermal model for vehicle simulations. As well electrical data is presented for the validation of electrochemistry based battery thermal models. The research is organized into two parts. Part-I: An apparatus was designed to measure the surface temperature distribution, heat flux, and heat generation from a battery pouch cell undergoing various charge/discharge cycles. In this work, a prismatic lithium-ion pouch cell is cooled by two cold plates with 19 thermocouples and 3 heat flux sensors applied to the battery at distributed locations. The total heat generation from a particular battery is obtained at various discharge rates (1C, 2C, 3C, and 4C) and different cooling bath temperature (5 0C, 15 0C, 25 0C, and 35 0C). Results show that the heat generation rate is greatly affected by the both discharge rate and boundary conditions. The developed experimental facility can be used for the measurement of heat generation from any prismatic battery, regardless of chemistry. Thermal images obtained at different discharge rates are presented within to enable visualization of the temperature distribution. An empirical battery thermal model is developed and validated with collected data from a test bench in terms of temperature, SOC and voltage profile. In part-II: In-situ vehicle data was collected using three data loggers installed in three different Burlington Hydro Ford Escape vehicles (one pure EV and other two HEVs). The data collection infrastructure developed produced monthly reports for the EV, allowing Burlington Hydro to track the vehicle's distance travelled, energy consumption, efficiency, and charging times. Five months of data for the EV indicated 792.6 km travelled and 222.6 kWh of grid electricity consumed. The real-world drive cycles from the EV were then performed with the lab apparatus and thermal data was collected and analyzed. In this study, a vehicle model using PSAT/Autonomie software is developed based on available specifications of the vehicle and is validated with the collected drive cycle.

Download or read book Analysis of Heat spreading Thermal Management Solutions for Lithium ion Batteries written by Hussam Jihad Khasawneh and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Electrical storage technologies (i.e., batteries) play a ubiquitous role in all facets of modern technologies for applications ranging from very small to very large scale, both stationary and mobile. In the past decade, Li-ion batteries are quickly emerging as the preferred electrical energy storage technology due to the intrinsic power and energy storage density compared to older battery chemistries. All electrochemical batteries are strongly linked to their thermal state: on one hand, their electrical characteristics are strongly dependent on temperature and, on the other hand, their thermal state is a result of both their environmental temperature, but also their electrical usage due to internal heat generation. Furthermore, their life (and potentially safety) is also strongly affected by their thermal state. Li-ion batteries, due to their high electrical power capability and density tend to be used aggressively in many applications, rendering the thermal issues more acute. Finally, Li-ion battery packs (like all packs) are made of many cells interconnected in various series/parallel arrangements in tightly confined spaces. Hence, thermal management solutions need to be implemented for two primary reasons: rejecting the heat generated inside the pack to the environment to avoid high (or unsafe) temperatures leading to premature (or catastrophic) failure and providing a good thermal uniformity among all the cells so that their electrical performance (and aging) in well matched in a pack. This thesis focuses on the thermal modeling of Li-ion packs and the development of passive thermal management solutions for such packs. The thesis first provides an extensive review of the current literature on Li-ion batteries electrical and thermal modeling and current approaches for thermal management solutions of Li-ion packs. This study then focuses on a particular current application using a small Li-ion pack, namely a contractor-grade 36v cordless drill. This particular application was chosen as it encapsulates many of the features of larger automotive packs and represent and leads to an aggressive usage pattern where battery life is always an issue. This pack was experimentally studied to establish typical usage patterns and to measure the thermal and electrical state of the stock pack during such usage. The study then developed and validated a FEM computational pack model in the stock configuration. This experimentally validated models was then used as a proxy to reality to numerically investigate multiple possible configurations of passive thermal management solutions using a high thermal conductivity, Graphite-based heat spreading material to both reduce temperature non-uniformities within the pack and decrease of overall pack temperature (better heat rejection) during aggressive use. Finally, a preliminary experimental validation of one of the promising configurations of heat spreaders was investigated. The work described in this thesis clearly demonstrates that passive heat spreading technology can be very beneficial to reduce thermal stress on batteries and lead to more thermally homogenous packs. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the investigation of such solutions can be performed with validated thermal FEM models to speed up the development of actual solution and reduce experimental prototype building. Future work will include more configurations, but also experimental investigation of battery life for both thermally managed and unmanaged packs under similar (aggressive) usage patterns. Finally, the conclusions from this study conducted on a cordless power tool are probably equally applicable to large automotive battery packs where life and costs are critical.

Download or read book Advances in Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles written by Bruno Scrosati and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-25 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles provides an in-depth look into the research being conducted on the development of more efficient batteries capable of long distance travel. The text contains an introductory section on the market for battery and hybrid electric vehicles, then thoroughly presents the latest on lithium-ion battery technology. Readers will find sections on battery pack design and management, a discussion of the infrastructure required for the creation of a battery powered transport network, and coverage of the issues involved with end-of-life management for these types of batteries. - Provides an in-depth look into new research on the development of more efficient, long distance travel batteries - Contains an introductory section on the market for battery and hybrid electric vehicles - Discusses battery pack design and management and the issues involved with end-of-life management for these types of batteries

Download or read book Development and Modeling of Novel Battery Thermal Management Systems for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by Maan Al-Zareer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal management system is necessary to control the operating temperature of the lithium ion batteries in battery packs for electrical and hybrid electrical vehicles. This thesis studies, develops and models novel battery thermal management systems for the battery packs in hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles. The systems' thermal performances are assessed through thermal and electrochemical models. The performances of the proposed systems are investigated in terms of various performance measures including the maximum temperature in the pack and the temperature distribution throughout the battery pack and through each battery. The results show that pool based systems achieve better performance for cylindrical battery packs than for prismatic battery packs. For a pool system, covering 30% of the battery height reduces the maximum battery temperature by 28% to 40% depending on the fuel type for a high intensity cycle. To achieve 28% to 40% reduction in the prismatic battery maximum temperature from the case where there is no cooling, the pool system has to cover 80% of the battery height. The best performing system for prismatic battery packs is the tube based system, where the aluminum cold plate has tubes completely filled with coolant to maintain the battery temperature within range needed for the best performance possible by the system. The tube cold plate based system maintains 80% less coolant in the battery pack at a time than the direct contact pool based system while achieving a higher performance in terms of the maximum battery temperature and the maximum temperature difference across the battery pack. The response time for the proposed systems reached nearly 10 times faster than liquid and air systems proposed in the literature. Compared with the literature the pool based system response was 1.7% of the cycle time compared to around 17% for the cycle time for the mini channel cold plate cooling system.

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: