Download or read book Thermal and Fast Neutron Effects on Dosimeter Films written by Robert J. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Further experimental work with fast neutrons is needed to increase the statistical accuracy of our results as well as to obtain fast-neutron sensitivities of the very high-range films, 548 and 649. Two points seem evident concerning the fast-neutron sensitivity of film. They are: (1) the sensitivity of the films increases with increasing neutron energy from 1 to 14 Mev and (2) the ratio of the sensitivities of the film is roughly equal to the reciprocal of the ratio of their grain sizes. In order to obtain meaningful data from neutron experiments conducted in a reactor thermal column, corrections must be made for the neutron sink effect of the object being irradiated. The lithium-extrapolation method for obtaining these correction factors has been refined and revised so that the method may be used with confidence.
Download or read book Thermal and Fast Neutron Effects on Dosimeter Films written by Robert J. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Further experimental work with fast neutrons is needed to increase the statistical accuracy of our results as well as to obtain fast-neutron sensitivities of the very high-range films, 548 and 649. Two points seem evident concerning the fast-neutron sensitivity of film. They are: (1) the sensitivity of the films increases with increasing neutron energy from 1 to 14 Mev and (2) the ratio of the sensitivities of the film is roughly equal to the reciprocal of the ratio of their grain sizes. In order to obtain meaningful data from neutron experiments conducted in a reactor thermal column, corrections must be made for the neutron sink effect of the object being irradiated. The lithium-extrapolation method for obtaining these correction factors has been refined and revised so that the method may be used with confidence.
Download or read book Neutron Dosimetry written by John W. Baum and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fission Neutron Effects on a Variety of Gamma Dosimeters written by Ralph F. Benck and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five different types of gamma dosimeters were exposed to the neutron and gamma radiation of the Sandia Pulsed Reactor. The fast (fission) neutron sensitivities of the high range 548-0 and 649 films and the thermal and fast (fission) neutron sensitivities of the CaF[2 thermoluminescent dosimeter are reported.
Download or read book Chemical Dosimetry of Prompt and Residual Radiations from Nuclear Detonations written by George V. Taplin and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical dosimetry studies were made to estimate human exposures to prompt and residual radiations from nuclear detonations. They included measurements of: (1) gamma radiation from fallout at on-site and off-site areas; (2) air-dose and depth-dose distribution determinations in human phantoms placed at positions calculated to receive prompt neutron and gamma radiation exposures in the dose range of medical interest (0 to 1000 rads); and (3) estimates of gamma and mixed neutron plus gamma radiation exposures which might aid the evaluation of Japanese who survived prompt-gamma exposures at Nagasaki as compared with neutron plus gamma exposures at Hiroshima. The feasibility of using direct-reading chemical dosimeters for estimating gamma-ray exposures from nuclear fallout and from prompt bomb gamma radiations was demonstrated. In addition, the responses of single-phase dosimeters to gamma rays plus neutrons provided a useful index of the total exposure because they registered the gamma component accurately and also reflected the amount of associated slow- and fast-neutron radiations with sufficient accuracy (low by 10 to 25 per cent) to aid in the medical evaluation and initial segregation of radiation casualties.
Download or read book Monthly Accession List written by Radiation Effects Information Center (Columbus, Ohio). and published by . This book was released on 1969-10 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Photographic Dosimetry written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Simplified Film Dosimeter for Fission Neutrons written by S. W. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Photographic Action of Ionizing Radiations in Dosimetry and Medical Industrial Neutron Auto and Microradiography written by Richard Heinrich Herz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1969 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Absorbed Dose in Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Experimental Evaluation of Various Gamma Dosimetry Systems written by Nancy N. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evaluation of the gamma dosimetry systems presently in use at the US Army Nuclear Defense Laboratory (USANDL) was conducted at the KIWI-TNT reactor-safety experiment. This evaluation investigated the consistency of gamma exposure measurements obtained in all mixed radiation environments and determined possible sources of error in these measurements. Dosimetry systems evaluated were film, silver-activated metaphosphate glass rods and plates, cobalt-activated borosilicate glass plates, and manganese-activated calcium floride thermoluminescent dosimeters. The results of this experiment are in agreement with those obtained in other mixed radiation environments, as follows: The AgPO3 glass rods, the cobalt glass plates, the 1290 film, the AgPO3 glass plates (optical density technique), and the TLD exhibited approximately 10 percent reproducibility; optimum performance was obtained by exposing the dosimetry in energy discrimination shields and thermal neutron shields and applying numerical corrections for fast neutron effects; agreement between the different systems was approximately 20 percent to 40 percent when the dosimetry was utilized as described above; the accuracy of fast and thermal neutron sensitivities previously reported for these dosimetry systems was questionable. (Author).
Download or read book The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation written by Kenneth R. Kase and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation, Volume II, attempts to fill the need for updated reference material on the field of radiation dosimetry. This book presents some broad topics in dosimetry and a variety of radiation dosimetry instrumentation and its application. The book opens with a chapter that extends and applies the concepts of microdosimetry to biological systems. This is followed by separate chapters on the state-of-the-art equipment and techniques used to determine neutron spectra; studies to determine recombination effects in ionization chambers exposed to high-intensity pulsed radiation; advances in water and polystyrene calorimetry; and beta-photon dosimetry for radiation protection. This book is clearly a valuable collection of work by outstanding authorities in their individual fields. It has an international flavor, with authors from England, Canada, and the United States. The quality of the work is equal to the best of what has been published in the past.
Download or read book Impact of Thermal Neutron Upscattering on Ex core Dosimeter Calculations written by Ravi C. Erraguntla and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Bureau of Standards Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sources Fields Measurements and Applications written by Frank H. Attix and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation Dosimetry, Second Edition, VOLUME III: Sources, Fields, Measurements, and Applications covers the significant aspects of radiation dosimetry. The book discusses dosimetry relating to x rays and teleisotope gamma rays, discrete and distributed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-ray sources, electron beams, and heavy charged particle beams. The text also describes dosimetry relating to reactors, neutron and mixed n-gamma fields, neutrons from accelerators and radioactive sources, initial and residual ionizing radiation from nuclear weapons, natural and man-made background radiation, radiation in space, ultra-high energy radiation, and uncommon types of particles. Dosimetry relating to health physics, diobiology, radiotherapy, implant and intracavitary therapy, ""transition-zones"" (especially at bone-tissue interfaces), and radiation processing is also considered. Physicists, biophysicists, and people involved in radiological science will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Film Badge Dosimetry in Atmospheric Nuclear Tests written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-02-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 18-year program of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons (1945-1962), some of the 225,000 participants were exposed to radiation. Many of these participants have been experiencing sicknesses that may be test-related. Currently, test participants who had served in military units have pending over 6,000 claims for compensation at the Department of Veterans Affairs. This study presents improved methods for calculating the radiation doses to which these individuals were exposed, and are intended to be useful in the adjudication of their claims.
Download or read book Neutron and Gamma ray Dosimetry in an Animal Exposure Volume at a Pulsed Triga Reactor written by R. E. Simpson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distribution of steady-state and pulsed, neutron and gamma-ray dose was measured in an animal exposure volume at the TRIGA reactor. The usable volume was restricted to the lower 20 in. of an aluminum irradiation tube having an ID of 9-1/2 in. The tube was inserted into the pool adjacent to the reactor void tank, 134 cm from the core. Dosimetry films were used to determine gamma-ray dose while Sievert ionization chambers were used to determine neutron dose. Gold foils were used to measure the thermal neutron flux. Neutron doses were referenced to sulphur foil monitors. The neutron spectrum was examined with a system of threshold detectors and compared with spectra from Godiva II and the biological port of the Argonne CP-5 reactor. The vertical variation of dose along a lucite board was measured at the midplane of a lucite canister lowered into the tube. The dose in the lower 16 in. varied less than 5%. The ratio of neutron to gamma dose was approximately 6 to 1. A tissue equivalent dog phantom, 20 in. long and 7-1/2 in. in diameter, was designed to determine the absorbed dose in depth. The fast neutron dose was about equal to the gamma-ray dose at the midline of the phantom. The neutron plus gamma-ray dose at the midline was 44% of the dose at the front surface of the phantom. (Author).
