Download or read book Thermal Analysis for Characterizing Effects of Metallurgical Conditions in Nickel Titanium Based Shape Memory Alloys written by Blake Miller and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys (SMAs) undergo a diffusionless solid state transformation (referred as the martensitic transformation) from the high temperature, parent phase austenite to the low temperature, product phase martensite. SMAs recover deformation due to heating, referred to as the shape memory effect (SME). They recover deformation elastic limits beyond typical via unloading, referred as the superelastic effect (SE). Binary NiTi is a specific SMA having properties determined by its Ni composition. Additive manufacturing is important as the layer-by-layer deposition process under desired parameter development allows for microstructure development of NiTi SMAs. Additive manufactured SMAs utilizing Ni-rich compositions (greater than 50.5 at. % / 55.57 wt. % Ni) have been utilized in characterization of the superelastic response. To a lesser extent, research has also used Ti-rich (less than 49.5 at. % / 54.6 wt. % Ni) and near equiatomic (between 49.5 at. %/ 54.6 wt. % and 50.5 at. % / 55.57 wt. % Ni) for studying the SME and SE in NiTi. Primarily research has utilized powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing while this work looks towards laser directed energy deposition (LDED). This thesis covers Ti-rich LDED NiTi alloys and is one of few to date to report on it. Characterization of the martensitic transformation/shape memory response and subsequent optimization of the thermoelastic properties begins with assessing the thermal-induced shape memory behavior using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC allows for the ability to determine the temperature ranges for the SME and SE of AM NiTi. DSC uses temperature cycling to measure changing heat flow and endothermic/exothermic events. Endothermic events occur during heating from martensite to austenite (the forward transformation) while exothermic events occur during cooling from austenite to martensite (the reverse transformation). Standard DSC characterization records measurements such as the start, peak, and end temperatures of the forward and reverse transformations. Laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) was used for fabricating Ti-rich AM build coupons which utilized elementally blended Ti and Ni powder feedstock. The layer-by-layer depositions vary in build sizes and thus produce builds with different thermal histories and metallurgical conditions. The first series of build coupons were fabricated as oversized build preforms from which tensile and compression specimens were micromachined. The oversized build preforms have volumes varying between 1500-3950mm3 (XYZ, XZYA, XZYB) and referred to as G0. The second series of build coupons were fabricated as near-net builds with dimensioning close to the designated tension and compression specimens. The near-net builds, referred to as G2, have as-deposited volumes of 2231.4 mm3 for the XYZ build and 3296.5 mm3 for the XZYA build. Specimens were extracted from the fabricated builds with precision wire EDM. DSC is used to study the stress free thermal induced martensitic transformation (TIMT). Standard DSC is performed and its metrics recorded for insight of the TIMT for the AM builds. Standard DSC characterization is augmented to provide advanced metrics for insight into the thermoelastic nature of the AM NiTi builds. Characterization by DSC provides a comparative analysis for the investigating dependence of build, size, and spatial location of elementally blended Ti-rich AM parts on its TIMT. The advanced characterization is used for investigating any dependence of build, size, and spatial location on the thermoelastic nature of the AM builds. We look towards these observations to further advance the research on NiTi additive manufacturing, specifically on Ti-rich materials. An understanding of the TIMT behind Ti-rich NiTi SMAs can allow for production of AM builds having optimal SME properties for applications such as microactuators. Knowledge of the thermoelastic nature in Ti-rich AM NiTi SMAs allows for selection of AM builds with the narrowest hysteresis for pseudo elasticity-based applications.
Download or read book Thermal Analysis in Metallurgy written by Robert D. Shull and published by Minerals, Metals, & Materials Society. This book was released on 1992 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys written by Stuart Brahm Kozlick and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This experimental program investigated the effects of cryogenic temperature treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys. Mechanical testing including tensile and hardness were carried out after having undergone various cryogenic temperature treatment conditions, and the results were compared. Experimental results showed an increase in material hardness was observed when compared to untreated materials. With both steady-state and cyclical conditioning, an increase of approximately 2.0% and 8.7% was observed, respectively. Furthermore, with respect to the cyclical temperature treatment exposures, an increase in both estimated final yield and tensile strengths was also observed, resulting in relative increases of 9.5% and 3.2%, respectively, when again compared to as-received materials. It was concluded these increases in mechanical properties were primarily due to both an increase in the formation of austenite throughout the material’s microstructure, and the overall reduction in martensite grain size structure throughout the sample. The material’s inherent twinning process of the microstructure, coupled with thermally stress-induced martensite plate growths at the martensite transformation temperature are potential contributors to this transformation in the microstructure, resulting in the observed change in mechanical properties.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smart Structures Theory written by Inderjit Chopra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on smart materials and structures, which are also referred to as intelligent, adaptive, active, sensory, and metamorphic. The ultimate goal is to develop biologically inspired multifunctional materials with the capability to adapt their structural characteristics, monitor their health condition, perform self-diagnosis and self-repair, morph their shape, and undergo significant controlled motion.
Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys for Biomedical Applications written by T Yoneyama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory alloys are suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as dentistry, bone repair and cardiovascular stents. Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications provides a comprehensive review of the use of shape memory alloys in these and other areas of medicine.Part one discusses fundamental issues with chapters on such topics as mechanical properties, fabrication of materials, the shape memory effect, superelasticity, surface modification and biocompatibility. Part two covers applications of shape memory alloys in areas such as stents and orthodontic devices as well as other applications in the medical and dental fields.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Shape memory alloys for biomedical applications is an essential reference for materials scientists and engineers working in the medical devices industry and in academia. - A comprehensive review of shape memory metals and devices for medical applications - Discusses materials, mechanical properties, surface modification and biocompatibility - Chapters review medical and dental devices using shape memory metals, including stents and orthodontic devices
Download or read book Characterization of High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys in the Ni Ti Pt Ternary System written by Grant A. Hudish and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NiTi Materials written by Yoshiki Oshida and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nickel-Titanium alloys are smart materials exhibiting unique properties such as superelasticity and shape-memory effect. The material has been used as orthodontic wires in the dental field for over 20 years. This book is a comprehensive overview to the field of Ni-Ti Materials and the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of this versatile alloy. In addition, complications and challenges exhibited in applications are also discussed.
Download or read book Design of Shape Memory Alloy SMA Actuators written by Ashwin Rao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This short monograph presents an analysis and design methodology for shape memory alloy (SMA) components such as wires, beams, and springs for different applications. The solid-solid, diffusionless phase transformations in thermally responsive SMA allows them to demonstrate unique characteristics like superelasticity and shape memory effects. The combined sensing and actuating capabilities of such materials allows them to provide a system level response by combining multiple functions in a single material system. In SMA, the combined mechanical and thermal loading effects influence the functionality of such materials. The aim of this book is to make the analysis of these materials accessible to designers by developing a "strength of materials" approach to the analysis and design of such SMA components inspired from their various applications with a review of various factors influencing the design process for such materials.
Download or read book Shape Memory and Superelastic Alloys written by K Yamauchi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shape memory and superelastic alloys possess properties not present in ordinary metals meaning that they can be used for a variety of applications. Shape memory and superelastic alloys: Applications and technologies explores these applications discussing their key features and commercial performance. Readers will gain invaluable information and insight into the current and potential future applications of shape memory alloys.Part one covers the properties and processing of shape memory effect and superelasticity in alloys for practical users with chapters covering the basic characteristics of Ti-Ni-based and Ti-Nb-based shape memory and superelastic (SM/SE) alloys, the development and commercialisation of TiNi and Cu-based alloys, industrial processing and device elements, design of SMA coil springs for actuators before a final overview on the development of SM and SE applications. Part two introduces SMA application technologies with chapters investigating SMAs in electrical applications, hot-water supply, construction and housing, automobiles and railways and aerospace engineering before looking at the properties, processing and applications of Ferrous (Fe)-based SMAs. Part three focuses on the applications of superelastic alloys and explores their functions in the medical, telecommunications, clothing, sports and leisure industries. The appendix briefly describes the history and activity of the Association of Shape Memory Alloys (ASMA).With its distinguished editors and team of expert contributors, Shape memory and superelastic alloys: Applications and technologies is be a valuable reference tool for metallurgists as well as for designers, engineers and students involved in one of the many industries in which shape memory effect and superelasticity are used such as construction, automotive, medical, aerospace, telecommunications, water/heating, clothing, sports and leisure. - Explores important applications of shape memory and superelastic alloys discussing their key features and commercial performance - Assesses the properties and processing of shape memory effect and superelasticity in alloys for practical users with chapters covering the basic characteristics - Introduces SMA application technologies investigating SMAs in electrical applications, hot-water supply, construction and housing, automobiles and railways and aerospace engineering
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ni free Ti based Shape Memory Alloys written by Hee Young Kim and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-09-17 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ni-free Ti-based Shape Memory Alloys reviews the fundamental issues of biomedical beta-type Ti base shape memory and superelastic alloys, including martensitic transformation, shape memory and superelastic properties, alloy development, thermomechanical treatment and microstructure control, and biocompatibility. Some unique properties, such as large nonlinear elastic behavior and low Young's modulus, observed in metastable Ti alloys are discussed on the basis of phase stability. As it is expected that superelastic Ti alloys will further expand the applications of shape memory alloys within the biomedical field, this book provides a comprehensive review of these new findings in Ti-base shape memory and superelastic alloys. - Includes coverage of phase transformations in titanium alloys - Discusses mechanical properties and alloy development - Presents a review of Ti-based shape alloys and their applications
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Titanium written by Matthew J. Donachie and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2000 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to support the need of engineering, management, and other professionals for information on titanium by providing an overview of the major topics, this book provides a concise summary of the most useful information required to understand titanium and its alloys. The author provides a review of the significant features of the metallurgy and application of titanium and its alloys. All technical aspects of the use of titanium are covered, with sufficient metals property data for most users. Because of its unique density, corrosion resistance, and relative strength advantages over competing materials such as aluminum, steels, and superalloys, titanium has found a niche in many industries. Much of this use has occurred through military research, and subsequent applications in aircraft, of gas turbine engines, although more recent use features replacement joints, golf clubs, and bicycles.Contents include: A primer on titanium and its alloys, Introduction to selection of titanium alloys, Understanding titanium's metallurgy and mill products, Forging and forming, Castings, Powder metallurgy, Heat treating, Joining technology and practice, Machining, Cleaning and finishing, Structure/processing/property relationships, Corrosion resistance, Advanced alloys and future directions, Appendices: Summary table of titanium alloys, Titanium alloy datasheets, Cross-reference to titanium alloys, Listing of selected specification and standardization organizations, Selected manufacturers, suppliers, services, Corrosion data, Machining data.
Download or read book Shape Memory Alloys Handbook written by Christian Lexcellent and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to understand and describe the martensitic phase transformation and the process of martensite platelet reorientation. These two key elements enable the author to introduce the main features associated with the behavior of shape-memory alloys (SMAs), i.e. the one-way shape-memory effect, pseudo-elasticity, training and recovery. Attention is paid in particular to the thermodynamical frame for solid materials modeling at the macroscopic scale and its applications, as well as to the particular use of such alloys – the simplified calculations for the bending of bars and their torsion. Other chapters are devoted to key topics such as the use of the “crystallographical theory of martensite” for SMA modeling, phenomenological and statistical investigations of SMAs, magneto-thermo-mechanical behavior of magnetic SMAs and the fracture mechanics of SMAs. Case studies are provided on the dimensioning of SMA elements offering the reader an additional useful framework on the subject. Contents 1. Some General Points about SMAs. 2. The World of Shape-memory Alloys. 3. Martensitic Transformation. 4. Thermodynamic Framework for the Modeling of Solid Materials. 5. Use of the “CTM” to Model SMAs. 6. Phenomenological and Statistical Approaches for SMAs. 7. Macroscopic Models with Internal Variables. 8. Design of SMA Elements: Case Studies. 9. Behavior of Magnetic SMAs. 10. Fracture Mechanics of SMAs. 11. General Conclusion. Appendix 1. Intrinsic Properties of Rotation Matrices. Appendix 2. “Twinning Equation” Demonstration. Appendix 3. Calculation of the Parameters a, n and Q from the “Twinning” Equation. Appendix 4. “Twinned” Austenite/Martensite Equation. About the Authors Christian Lexcellent is Emeritus Professor at the École National Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques de Besançon and a researcher in the Department of Applied Mechanics at FEMTO-ST in France. He is a specialist in the mechanics of materials and phase transition and has taught in the subjects of mechanics of continuum media and shape memory alloys. He is also a member of the International Committee of ESOMAT.
