Download or read book Thermal Analysis and Cold Start Performance of Automotive Emission Systems written by Sumit Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Automotive exhaust emission regulations are becoming stricter due to increasing awareness of the hazardous effects of exhaust emissions. The main challenge to comply with the EPA regulations is to reduce the emissions during cold start, because catalytic converters are ineffective until they reach a 'light-off' temperature - the temperature at which the converter starts reducing 50 % of emissions. A thermal model of a catalytic converter is presented which reduces the light-off time and significantly reduces the concentration of exhaust gas emissions. This thesis describes a numerical model of the catalytic converter, which is used to predict catalytic converter performance during cold-starts. Simulations were carried out using a finite element software - Abaqus, to study the catalytic converter performance at various temperatures. After analyzing thermal models for both - uniform heat distribution and cost effectiveness, a heat source of 90 W was chosen for a three-heater configuration (30 W each) to pre-heat the converter. A reduction in the concentration of emissions by a factor of 4 to 6 were recorded as a result of vehicle simulation with this thermally designed catalytic converter. ADVISOR (Advanced Vehicle Simulator), a vehicle simulator, was used to calculate 'engine-out emissions'"--Leaf iii.
Download or read book A Study to Quantitatively Analyze Cold Start Emissions for a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine written by Jinghu Hu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology is a technology with which the gasoline is directly injected in the cylinder. GDI technology has been gaining popularity among vehicle manufacturers due to multiple advantages it presents compared with the port fuel injection technology, and has been widely implemented in the light-duty passenger vehicles on the US market. One weakness of the GDI engine is the excessive hydrocarbon (HC) emission during the cold start, where the engine speed, cylinder and piston top temperature and engine fuel rail pressure are all far from optimal. Given the more stringent Tier 3 HC emissions regulations enforced by United States Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board, a detailed research on the GDI engine cold start HC emissions was essential to facilitate the compliance with HC emission standards from the modern GDI engines. A novel experimental system was designed, prototyped and installed. The in-house instrumentation and control system was designed based on the National Instruments hardware and aimed to control the Ford 2.0 L GDI engine and realize the engine cold start using custom engine powertrain parameters. The novel gas collection and analysis system was designed and prototyped to allow a cycle-based emission analysis. The entire study was carried out using three steps. First, the validation experiment was conducted to validate whether the designed system hardware and software operated as desired, and to provide some basic qualitative understanding of the GDI engine cold start profiles. Second, the preliminary quantitative analysis was carried out using both gasoline and iso-pentane as fuel to further understand the contributing factors of the cold start HC emissions for GDI engines. In the final step, a parametric study, multiple parametric sweeps were carried out for various powertrain parameters to identify the quantitative effect of each parameter on the engine power output and emission performances respectively. The initial validation experiment results showed that the designed novel experimental system performed as expected, and that HC emissions actually decreased monotonically among the first five firing cycles of the cold start. The preliminary quantitative analysis revealed that for gasoline-fueled cold starts not all the injected fuel was collected in the exhaust gas. The non-collected fuel was potentially due to fuel wall wetting and piston top impingement, which could be the main reason for the HC emissions. The parametric study found that the main contributing factor of the HC emissions for the very first firing cycle was the injected fuel that did not evaporate in time for combustion but still in time for the emissions. The parametric study also found that the HC emissions increased with injected equivalence ratio. The change in fuel rail pressure had a complicated effect on the HC emissions at the first firing cycle. The increase in injection times, from 2 to 4 injections given the same amount of total injected fuel, did improve the fuel evaporation and combustion status, and led to higher power output and lower HC emissions given the same injected fuel mass. The study showed that the key to mitigate the HC emissions during the GDI engine cold start was improving the fuel evaporation and air-fuel profile, so as to minimize the fuel wall wetting and piston top impingement effect
Download or read book Thermal Management in Automotive Applications written by T Yomi Obidi and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new and more stringent standards addressing emission reduction and fuel economy, the importance of a well-developed engine thermal management system becomes even greater. With about 30% of the fuel intake energy dissipated through the cooling system and another 30% through the exhaust system, it is to be expected that serious research has been dedicated to this field. Thermal Management in Automotive Applications, edited by Dr. T. Yomi Obidi, brings together a focused collection of SAE technical papers on the subject. It offers insights into how thermal management impacts the efficiency of engines in heavy vehicles, the effects of better coolant flow control, and the use of smart thermostat and next-generation cooling pumps. It also provides an in-depth analysis of the possible gains in optimum warm-up sequence and thermal management on a small gasoline engine. With continuously increasing gadgetry in modern vehicles, the average temperature in the engine compartment has seen significant increase. It is important to be able to divert the heat away from passengers as well as from some components that may be negatively impacted by excessive temperatures. Thermal Management in Automotive Applications points out solutions to this challenge, including material and design options.
Download or read book Computational heat and mass transfer CHMT 2001 Vol II written by and published by Editora E-papers. This book was released on with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Literature Abstracts written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines written by B. Ashok and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions
Download or read book Handbook of Thermal Management of Engines written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook deals with the vast subject of thermal management of engines and vehicles by applying the state of the art research to diesel and natural gas engines. The contributions from global experts focus on management, generation, and retention of heat in after-treatment and exhaust systems for light-off of NOx, PM, and PN catalysts during cold start and city cycles as well as operation at ultralow temperatures. This book will be of great interest to those in academia and industry involved in the design and development of advanced diesel and CNG engines satisfying the current and future emission standards.
Download or read book Proceedings of the third International Conference on Automotive and Fuel Technology written by and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predictive Control Strategies for Automotive Engine Coldstart Emissions written by Ahmad Mozaffari and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, a comprehensive investigation is carried out to study the effectiveness of model-based predictive control strategies to solve a formidable automotive control problem, that is, reducing the amount of cumulative hydrocarbon (HC) tailpipe emissions or HCcum over the first few minutes of an automotive engine operation which is known as the coldstart period. More than 80% of the total HC emissions for a typical driving cycle are generated during the coldstart period. There is a physical trade-off between increasing the exhaust gas temperature (Texh) and reducing engine-out hydrocarbon emission (HCraw-c), which are two key variables affecting the engine performance during the coldstart operation. The design of an effective coldstart controller is associated with lots of difficulties because the behavior of the engine in the coldstart period is highly transient, uncertain, and nonlinear, and also, the key factors are in confliction with each other. In the light of promising reports on the performance of model predictive controllers (MPCs), here, different variants of MPCs are taken into account to find out whether they can effectively cope with the difficulties associated with the coldstart problem for a given automotive engine. The major advantage of MPCs refers to their power to handle different constraints while trying to minimize an objective function to come up with optimal controlling signals. Other than the standard version of MPCs, in this work, some novel versions of such controllers are proposed, which are best suited for the considered control problem. The considered versions of MPCs are: nonlinear MPC (NMPC), preference-based model predictive controller (PBNMPC), and receding horizon sliding controller (RHSC). Also, a powerful classical optimal controller based on the Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) is taken into account to ascertain the veracity of the considered predictive controlling methods. Through an exhaustive simulation, the efficacy of proposed predictive controlling techniques is demonstrated, and also, it is indicated how well such controllers can optimize the related objective function at the heart of coldstart control problem while handling a set of the operating constraints.
Download or read book Automotive Lead Emissions written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works. Panel on Environmental Science and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of Second International Conference on Smart Energy and Communication written by Dinesh Goyal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers selected papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Smart Energy and Communication (ICSEC 2020), held at Poornima Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur, India, on March 20–21, 2020. It covers a range of topics in electronics and communication engineering and electrical engineering, including analog circuit design, image processing, wireless and microwave communication, optoelectronics and photonic devices, nano-electronics, renewable energy, smart grid, power systems and industry applications.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Emission Control and Fuel Economy written by John H Johnson and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2005-06-27 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emission and fuel economy regulations and standards are compelling manufacturers to build ultra-low emission vehicles. As a result, engineers must develop spark-ignition engines with integrated emission control systems that use reformulated low-sulfur fuel. Emission Control and Fuel Economy for Port and Direct Injected SI Engines is a collection of SAE technical papers that covers the fundamentals of gasoline direct injection (DI) engine emissions and fuel economy, design variable effects on HC emissions, and advanced emission control technology and modeling approaches. All papers contained in this book were selected by an accomplished expert as the best in the field; reprinted in their entirety, they present a pathway to integrated emission control systems that meet 2004-2009 EPA standards for light-duty vehicles.
Download or read book International Conference on Statistics and Analytical Methods in Automotive Engineering written by IMechE (Institution of Mechanical Engineers) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-11-22 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These IMechE conference transactions examine how major improvements have been made in product delivery processes by the effective use of both statistical and analytical methods, as well as examining the problems that can occur as a result of under utilization of information. This volume will be of great interest to managers, engineers, and statisticians at all levels, engaged in project management or the design and development of motor vehicles, their subsystems, and components. CONTENTS INCLUDE Applications of advanced modelling methods in engine development Application of adaptive online DoE techniques for engine ECU calibration Radial basis functions for engine modelling Designing for Six Sigma reliability Dimensional variation analysis for automotive hybrid aluminium body structures Reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization of vehicle structures
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Energy written by Yatish T. Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book details sources of thermal energy, methods of capture, and applications. It describes the basics of thermal energy, including measuring thermal energy, laws of thermodynamics that govern its use and transformation, modes of thermal energy, conventional processes, devices and materials, and the methods by which it is transferred. It covers 8 sources of thermal energy: combustion, fusion (solar) fission (nuclear), geothermal, microwave, plasma, waste heat, and thermal energy storage. In each case, the methods of production and capture and its uses are described in detail. It also discusses novel processes and devices used to improve transfer and transformation processes.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Thermal Sciences and Engineering written by Hemant B. Mehta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-05 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Sciences (ICAFFTS 2021) and summarizes the modern research practices in thermal sciences and engineering. The content of book involves advanced topics in heat transfer science, automobile, refrigeration and air conditioning, cryogenics, non-conventional systems and energy storage. Topics on cutting edge research in the area of hybrid nano-PCM-based systems, solar-based applications, bio-diesel and nano additives-based combustion, fuel cell and thermoacoustic engine are also included. In addition, this book contains recent research in the area of two-phase thermal management of Li-Ion/Li-titanium battery and LED systems using heat sink, heat pipe, pulsating heat pipe and thermosyphon with next-generation refrigerants, PCM and nanofluid. Some thermal aspects of virus/aerosol research, advances in volumetric velocimetry and application of artificial intelligence in thermal systems are also covered. This book is a valuable reference for academicians, researchers and professionals working in the various fields of thermal sciences.
