Download or read book Geometrical Researches on the Theory of Parallels written by Nikolaĭ Ivanovich Lobachevskiĭ and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theory of Parallels written by Nikolaj Ivanovič Lobačevskij and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-22 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LOBACHEVSKY was the first man ever to publish a non-Euclidean geometry. Of the immortal essay now first appearing in English Gauss said, "The author has treated the matter with a master-hand and in the true geometer's spirit. I think I ought to call your attention to this book, whose perusal cannot fail to give you the most vivid pleasure." Clifford says, "It is quite simple, merely Euclid without the vicious assumption, but the way things come out of one another is quite lovely." * * * "What Vesalius was to Galen, what Copernicus was to Ptolemy, that was Lobachevsky to Euclid." Says Sylvester, "In Quaternions the example has been given of Algebra released from the yoke of the commutative principle of multiplication - an emancipation somewhat akin to Lobachevsky's of Geometry from Euclid's noted empirical axiom." Cayley says, "It is well known that Euclid's twelfth axiom, even in Playfair's form of it, has been considered as needing demonstration; and that Lobachevsky constructed a perfectly consistent theory, where- in this axiom was assumed not to hold good, or say a system of non- Euclidean plane geometry. There is a like system of non-Euclidean solid geometry." GEORGE BRUCE HALSTED. 2407 San Marcos Street, Austin, Texas. * * * *From the TRANSLATOR'S INTRODUCTION. "Prove all things, hold fast that which is good," does not mean demonstrate everything. From nothing assumed, nothing can be proved. "Geometry without axioms," was a book which went through several editions, and still has historical value. But now a volume with such a title would, without opening it, be set down as simply the work of a paradoxer. The set of axioms far the most influential in the intellectual history of the world was put together in Egypt; but really it owed nothing to the Egyptian race, drew nothing from the boasted lore of Egypt's priests. The Papyrus of the Rhind, belonging to the British Museum, but given to the world by the erudition of a German Egyptologist, Eisenlohr, and a German historian of mathematics, Cantor, gives us more knowledge of the state of mathematics in ancient Egypt than all else previously accessible to the modern world. Its whole testimony con- firms with overwhelming force the position that Geometry as a science, strict and self-conscious deductive reasoning, was created by the subtle intellect of the same race whose bloom in art still overawes us in the Venus of Milo, the Apollo Belvidere, the Laocoon. In a geometry occur the most noted set of axioms, the geometry of Euclid, a pure Greek, professor at the University of Alexandria. Not only at its very birth did this typical product of the Greek genius assume sway as ruler in the pure sciences, not only does its first efflorescence carry us through the splendid days of Theon and Hypatia, but unlike the latter, fanatics cannot murder it; that dismal flood, the dark ages, cannot drown it. Like the phoenix of its native Egypt, it rises with the new birth of culture. An Anglo-Saxon, Adelard of Bath, finds it clothed in Arabic vestments in the land of the Alhambra. Then clothed in Latin, it and the new-born printing press confer honor on each other. Finally back again in its original Greek, it is published first in queenly Basel, then in stately Oxford. The latest edition in Greek is from Leipsic's learned presses.
Download or read book Geometry written by Richard S. Millman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-05-07 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geometry: A Metric Approach with Models, imparts a real feeling for Euclidean and non-Euclidean (in particular, hyperbolic) geometry. Intended as a rigorous first course, the book introduces and develops the various axioms slowly, and then, in a departure from other texts, continually illustrates the major definitions and axioms with two or three models, enabling the reader to picture the idea more clearly. The second edition has been expanded to include a selection of expository exercises. Additionally, the authors have designed software with computational problems to accompany the text. This software may be obtained from George Parker.
Download or read book Geometrical Researches on the Theory of Parallels written by Nikolaĭ Ivanovich Lobachevskiĭ and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Curiosa Mathematica Part 1 written by Charles Lutwidge Dodgson and published by Literary Licensing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Is A New Release Of The Original 1890 Edition.
Download or read book The Theory of Parallels written by Nicholas Lobachevski and published by Watchmaker Pub. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "What Vesalius was to Galen, what Copernicus was to Ptolemy, that was Lobachevski to Euclid." Lobachevski was the first to publish non-Euclidean geometry. An unabridged printing, to include all figures, from the translation by Halsted.
Download or read book The Celebrated Theory of Parallels Demonstration of the Celebrated Theorem Euclid I Axiom 12 With Appendix Containing the Philosophy of the Demonstration Together with the Partial Refutation of Sir Wm Hamilton s Philosophy of the Unconditioned Or Infinite written by Matthew RYAN and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The celebrated theory of parallels Demonstration of the celebrated theorem Euclid i axiom 12 With appendix containing the philosophy of the demonstration together with the partial refutation of sir W Hamilton s philosophy of the unconditioned or infinite written by Matthew Ryan and published by . This book was released on 1866 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lobachevski Illuminated written by Seth Braver and published by MAA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical introduction to non-Euclidean geometry.
Download or read book Theories of Parallelism written by William Barrett Frankland and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1910 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pangeometry written by Nikolaĭ Ivanovich Lobachevskiĭ and published by European Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2010 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lobachevsky wrote Pangeometry in 1855, the year before his death. This memoir is a resume of his work on non-Euclidean geometry and its applications and can be considered his clearest account on the subject. It is also the conclusion of his life's work and the last attempt he made to acquire recognition. The treatise contains basic ideas of hyperbolic geometry, including the trigonometric formulae, the techniques of computation of arc length, of area and of volume, with concrete examples. It also deals with the applications of hyperbolic geometry to the computation of new definite integrals. The techniques are different from those found in most modern books on hyperbolic geometry since they do not use models. Besides its historical importance, Lobachevsky's Pangeometry is a beautiful work, written in a simple and condensed style. The material that it contains is still very alive, and reading this book will be most useful for researchers and for students in geometry and in the history of science. It can be used as a textbook, as a sourcebook, and as a repository of inspiration. The present edition provides the first complete English translation of Pangeometry available in print. It contains facsimiles of both the Russian and the French original versions. The translation is accompanied by notes, followed by a biography of Lobachevky and an extensive commentary.
Download or read book Bibliography of Non Euclidean Geometry written by Duncan M'Laren Young Sommerville and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Curiosa Mathematica A New Theory of Parallels written by Lewis Carroll and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-25 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drawing Parallels written by Ray Lucas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing Parallels expands your understanding of the workings of architects by looking at their work from an alternative perspective. The book focuses on parallel projections such as axonometric, isometric, and oblique drawings. Ray Lucas argues that by retracing the marks made by architects, we can begin to engage more directly with their practice as it is only by redrawing the work that hidden aspects are revealed. The practice of drawing offers significantly different insights, not easily accessible through discourse analysis, critical theory, or observation. Using James Stirling, JJP Oud, Peter Eisenman, John Hejduk, and Cedric Price as case studies, Lucas highlights each architect's creative practices which he anaylses with reference to Bergson's concepts of temporality and cretivity, discussing ther manner in which creative problems are explored and solved. The book also draws on a range of anthropological ideas including skilled practice and enchantment in order to explore why axonometrics are important to architecture and questions the degree to which the drawing convention influences the forms produced by architects. With 60 black-and-white images to illustrate design development, this book would be an essential read for academics and students of architecture with a particular interest in further understanding the inner workings of the architectural creative process.
Download or read book Euclid s Elements the Thirteen Books written by Euclid and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-17 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Euclid was a mathematician from the Greek city of Alexandria who lived during the 4th and 3rd century B.C. and is often referred to as the "father of geometry." Within his foundational treatise "Elements," Euclid presents the results of earlier mathematicians and includes many of his own theories in a systematic, concise book that utilized a brief set of axioms and meticulous proofs to solidify his deductions. In addition to its easily referenced geometry, "Elements" also includes number theory and other mathematical considerations. For centuries, this work was a primary textbook of mathematics, containing the only framework for geometry known by mathematicians until the development of "non-Euclidian" geometry in the late 19th century. The extent to which Euclid's "Elements" is of his own original authorship or borrowed from previous scholars is unknown, however despite this fact it was his collation of these basic mathematical principles for which most of the world would come to the study of geometry. Today, Euclid's "Elements" is acknowledged as one of the most influential mathematical texts in history. This volume includes all thirteen books of Euclid's "Elements," is printed on premium acid-free paper, and follows the translation of Thomas Heath.
Download or read book Ominous Parallels written by Leonard Peikoff and published by Penguin. This book was released on 1983-06-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ayn Rand chose Leonard Peikoff to be her successor as the spokesman for Objectivism. And in this brilliantly reasoned, thought-provoking work we learn why, as he demonstrates how far America has been detoured from its original path and led down the same road that Germany followed to Nazism. Self-sacrifice, Oriental mysticism, racial "truth," the public good, doing one's duty—these are among the seductive catch-phrases that Leonard Peikoff dissects, examining the kind of philosophy they symbolize, the type of thinking that lured Germany to its doom and that he says is now prevalent in the United States. Here is a frightening look at where America may be heading, a clarion call for all who are concerned about preserving our right to individual freedom.
Download or read book Geometrical Researches on the Theory of Parallels written by Nicholas Lobachevski and published by Literary Licensing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Is A New Release Of The Original 1914 Edition.
