Download or read book Theory of Excess Electrons in Fluids written by Daniel Hector Laria and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Excess Electrons in Dielectric Media written by Christiane Ferradini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-08-05 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive review of the present knowledge and current problems concerning physical-chemical aspects of the behavior of excess electrons in various media. The book's 13 chapters strike a balance between theoretical and experimental accounts and provide in-depth presentations of specific subjects. Among the several topics discussed in this stimulating volume are primary interactions, transport, and relaxation of excess electrons of a few tens of electron-Volts in various solid and liquid materials; energetics and transport properties of electrons after thermalization in non-polar dielectric liquids; quantum simulation methods; and electron solvation in polar liquids and of excess electrons trapped in polar matrices at low temperature. Applications of these concepts are discussed as well, including hot electron transport in silicon dioxide, the fate of excess electrons created in polar dielectric liquids by photoelectrochemical methods or by cathodic generation, and excess electron production and decay in organic microheterogeneous systems. Researchers, instructors, and engineers working in the radiation sciences, condensed-matter physics, chemical physics, biophysics, photochemistry, and the biochemistry of electron transfer and electrochemistry should consider this book to be an invaluable reference resource.
Download or read book Energetics and Dynamics of Excess Electrons in Simple Fluids written by Brian Space and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electrons in Fluids written by Joshua Jortner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloque Weyl I was convened in June 1963 at the Catholic University of Lille to commemorate one hundred years of the study of metal-ammonia solutions. This memorable event, which involved a "single-particle excitation", inspired Gerard Lepoutre to assemble an international group of physicists and chemists to discuss the nature of metal-ammonia solutions. Colloque Weyl II, which took 1969, was initiated as a place at Cornell Universtiy, Ithaca, N.Y. in June "cooperative interaction" between M. J. Sienko, J. L. Dye, J. J. Lagowski, G. Lepoutre and J. C. Thompson. That meeting made it clear that Colloque Weyl should be continued in order to promote the fruitful exchange of ideas set in motion at Lille and at Cornell. Colloque Weyl III came into being as the result of a resolution passed at the Cornell meeting, Tel-Aviv University being the suggested site. The Organizing Committee consisted ofE. D. Bergmann, J. Jortner, J. J. Lagowski, G. Lepoutre, U. Schindewolf and M. J. Sienko, reflecting the international and interdisciplinary aspects of the field.
Download or read book Ions and Electrons in Liquid Helium written by Armando Francesco Borghesani and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrons and ions have been used for over 40 years as probes to investigate the fascinating properties of helium liquids. The study of the transport properties of microscopic charge carriers sheds light on superfluidity, on quantum hydrodynamics, and on the interactions with collective excitations in quantum liquids. The structure of the probes themselves depends on their coupling with the liquid environment in a way that gives further insight into the microscopic behavior of the liquid in different thermodynamic conditions, such as in the superfluid phase, in the normal phase, or near the liquid-vapor critical point. This book provides a comprehensive review of the experiments and theories of transport properties of charge carriers in liquid helium. It is a subject about which no other monograph exists to date. The book is intended for graduate and postgraduate students and for condensed matter physicists who will benefit from its completeness and accuracy.
Download or read book The Liquid State and Its Electrical Properties written by E.E. Kunhardt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the various disciplines of science advance, they proliferate and tend to become more esoteric. Barriers of specialized terminologies form, which cause scientists to lose contact with their colleagues, and differences in points-of-view emerge which hinder the unification of knowledge among the various disciplines, and even within a given discipline. As a result, the scientist, and especially the student, is in many instances offered fragmented glimpses of subjects that are funda mentally synthetic and that should be treated in their own right. Such seems to be the case of the liquid state. Unlike the other states of matter -- gases, solids, and plasmas -- the liquid state has not yet received unified treatment, probably because it has been the least explored and remains the least understood state of matter. Occasionally, events occur which help remove some of the barriers that separate scientists and disciplines alike. Such an event was the ASI on The Liquid State held this past July at the lovely Hotel Tivoli Sintra, in the picturesque town of Sintra, Portugal, approximately 30 km northwest of Lisbon. Since this broad a subject could not be covered in one Institute, the focus of the ASI was on a theme that provided a common thread of understanding for all in attendance -- the Electrical Proper ties of the Liquid State.
Download or read book Drift Mobilities and Conduction Band Energies of Excess Electrons in Dielectric Liquids written by Augustine O. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Excess Electrons are Solvated in Water and Electrolyte Solutions written by Sanghyun Jonathan Park and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When an excess electron is solvated by water molecules, it forms a well-known species named the hydrated electron. Although hydrated electrons serve as intermediates in many important reactions, such as radiation, oxidation, and electron transfer reactions, their hydration structure is unknown. This is important because the reactivity of the hydrated electron is strongly coupled with its solvation structure, making it impossible to accurately model chemical reactions involving this species because the structure is unknown. For the past decade, there has been an upsurge of interest in simulating hydrated electron structures with ab initio methods, specifically with density functional theory (DFT). All DFT-generated hydrated electron structures, regardless of the functional of choice, produced a distinct cavity region where no waters enter and a highly structured first hydration shell. Although several groups have claimed that such DFT-generated structures are 'correct', there has been no attempt to rigorously test their accuracy by making direct comparisons to experiments. Thus, the first focus of this thesis lies in evaluating two different DFT-based hydrated electron models that are widely accepted in the literature: a 0 K minimalist model that replaces explicit waters with a polarizable continuum and a fully-periodic molecular dynamics model. This thesis provides proof that DFT calculations make predictions that fail when directly compared with the experiment, a clear indication that the DFT-generated hydration structures cannot be correct. The second focus of this thesis explores how hydrated electrons behave in presence of ions. Experimentally, the hydrated electron's absorption spectrum is known to blue-shift in electrolyte solutions, but a molecular explanation for this shift is unknown. To understand hydrated electron/electrolyte interactions, both the mixed quantum/classical (MQC) and DFT hydrated electron models were paired with a single Na+ to examine their detailed pairing interactions. For MQC models, the predicted Na+-induced blue-shift turns out to be highly sensitive to the simulation parameters of both the electron and the cation. The electron model that has the weakest hydration shell and the smallest cavity produce the blue-shift that is in best agreement with experiment. Most importantly, the DFT electron, with its strongly structured hydration shell, predicts a spectral red-shift upon ion-pairing, another clear proof that DFT-based simulations predict an incorrect hydration structure. In summary, this thesis shows clearly that DFT is not capable of correctly capturing the essence of this simple, yet complex, system.
Download or read book Liquid State Electronics of Insulating Liquids written by Werner Schmidt and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-06-25 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under certain conditions, liquids that usually do not conduct electrical currents become conductors, a phenomenon that is of interest to scientists in several different fields. In Liquid State Electronics of Insulating Liquids, one of the world's leading experts in dielectric liquids discusses the theoretical basis and the experiments on electronic conduction in nonpolar liquids. It provides a sound description of the concepts involved in electronic and ionic charge transport in these liquids. This text also includes experimental techniques that graduate students, university researchers, and laboratory scientists will all find useful. Data tables provide first-order information on the magnitude of relevant quantities.
Download or read book Metal Ligand Interactions written by N. Russo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 2002, a NATO-ASI was held in Cetraro (CS), Italy on the theme of "Metal-Ligand Interactions in Molecular-, Nano-, Micro-, and Macro-systems in Complex Environments". This event has followed the previous ones held in the same place in 1991, 1994 and 1998. In the present and the previous schools a broad interdisciplinary cross-section of experimental and theoretical researchers, interested in a better understanding of metal-ligand interactions from different viewpoints, was linked together to exchange experience, to review the state-of-the-art, to indicate new techniques and methods, to explore new fields and perspectives. Particular emphasis was given to the problems related with the crossing from molecular systems to nano-, macro-and micro-scale materials and to the effects of the environment on the properties of the molecular systems. The school was organized around lectures and special research seminares given by leading experts in the following fields: • metal clusters • inorganic complexes and materials • surface phenomena • adsorption and catalysis • organic and bio-inorganic systems • ab initio theory • density functional theory • classical and quantum dynamics This volume contains the formal lectures and selected contributed papers and describes the main aspects and problems tackled during the 12 days of the event.
Download or read book Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter written by Yoshihiko Hatano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-13 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on Mozumder's and Hatano's Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Chemical, Physicochemical, and Biological Consequences with Applications (CRC Press, 2004), Charged Particle and Photon Interactions with Matter: Recent Advances, Applications, and Interfaces expands upon the scientific contents of the previous volume by cover
Download or read book Metal Ammonia Solutions written by Sam Stuart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-Ammonia Solutions contains the proceedings of an International Conference on the Nature of Metal-Ammonia Solutions Colloque Weyl II held at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, on June 15-19, 1969. The papers explore the nature of metal-ammonia solutions and cover topics ranging from the dilemma of metal-ammonia models to the magnetic properties of metal-ammonia solutions, the reactions of such solutions, and solid metal-ammonia compounds. This monograph is comprised of 39 chapters and begins with an overview of models for the concentration dependence of the properties of dilute metal-ammonia solutions. The discussion then turns to a continuous dielectric model for the solvated dielectron in dielectric media; elementary electronic excitations in insulating liquids; and magnetic properties of metal-ammonia solutions. The chapters that follow focus on the kinetics of the reaction between sodium and ethanol in liquid ammonia; electrons trapped in solids; metal-nonmetal transition and phase separation; and optical spectra of alkali metal-ammonia solutions. This text will be a valuable resource for chemists and chemistry students.
Download or read book Behavior of Excess Electrons in Supercritical Fluids Electron Attachment written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The behavior of excess electrons in supercritical ethane was investigated by measuring mobility and reaction rates. Mobilities were measured by means of a time-of-flight method at 306--320K as a function of pressure. Mobility values decreased at all temperatures with increasing pressure, but showed a small minimum or a shoulder at the pressure where the compressibility [chi]{sub T} has a peak. Electron attachment to CO2, NO, pyrimidine and C2F4 over the same temperature range was studied as a function of pressure. Both attachment rate constants k{sub a} for NO and C2F4, and equilibrium constants K({double_bond}k{sub a}/k{sub d}) for CO2 and pyrimidine increased sharply at pressures of [chi]{sub T} peaks. Activation volumes V{sub a}* and reaction volumes [Delta]V{sub r} are very large and negative in the critical region. The volume change is mainly due to electrostriction around ions formed. The results are compared to volume changes predicted by, a compressible continuum model.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Strong Coupling Theory of High Temperature Superconductivity written by A. S. Alexandrov and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for researchers and academics, this monograph provides a detailed introduction to the strong-coupling theory of high-temperature superconductivity.
Download or read book Linking the Gaseous and Condensed Phases of Matter written by Loucas G. Christophorou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on "Linking the Gaseous and Condensed Phases of Matter: The Behavior of Slow Electrons" was held at Patras, Greece, September 5-18, 1993. The organizers of the Patras ASI felt that the study of the electronic properties of matter in various states of aggregation has advanced to a point where further progress required the interfacing of the phases of matter in order to find out and to understand how the microscopic and macroscopic properties of materials and processes change as we go from low pressure gas to the condensed phase. This approach is of foremost significance both from the point of view of basic research and of applications. Linking the electronic properties of the gaseous and condensed phases of matter is a fascinating new frontier of science embracing scientists not only from physics and chemistry but also from the life sciences and engineering. The Patras ASI brought together some of the world's foremost experts who work in the field of electronic properties of molecular gases, clusters, liquids, and solids. The thirty five lectures given at the meeting as well as the twenty nine poster papers presented and the formal and informal discussions that took place focused largely on the behavior of slow electrons in matter.
Download or read book Field Theories of Condensed Matter Physics written by Eduardo Fradkin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the physics of the most challenging problems in condensed matter using the conceptual framework of quantum field theory, this book is of great interest to physicists in condensed matter and high energy and string theorists, as well as mathematicians. Revised and updated, this second edition features new chapters on the renormalization group, the Luttinger liquid, gauge theory, topological fluids, topological insulators and quantum entanglement. The book begins with the basic concepts and tools, developing them gradually to bring readers to the issues currently faced at the frontiers of research, such as topological phases of matter, quantum and classical critical phenomena, quantum Hall effects and superconductors. Other topics covered include one-dimensional strongly correlated systems, quantum ordered and disordered phases, topological structures in condensed matter and in field theory and fractional statistics.
