Download or read book Theoretical Modeling of Triggered Activity in Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Mingwang Zhong and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the world and accounts for annual deaths over 800,000 in the United States. Triggered activity, describing abnormal depolarizations interrupting normal action potentials or diastole, is a mechanism underlying cardiac arrhythmias. Underlying triggered activity is the early afterdepolarization (EAD) during an action potential and the delayed afterdepolarization (DAD) during diastole. This thesis aims to investigate: 1) how Ca2+ waves present in many heart diseases, such as heart failure, emerge from Ca2+ sparks, 2) why EADs occur in the long QT syndrome types 1 and 2 (LQT1 and LQT2), 3) how antiarrhythmic targets, including the small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) current and the late sodium current, prevent EADs, and 4) how cellular triggered activity evolves into cardiac arrhythmias at the tissue level. I primarily perform the studies by using an improved physiologically multi-scale model, which incorporates spatially distributed Ca2+ release units and the bi-directional interplay between Ca2+ and membrane voltage. In addition, the studies of LQT syndromes are carried out using experimentally measured ion currents as input into the model, which turns out to be crucial to uncover the mechanisms underlying arrhythmias. Investigation of DADs reveals that strong coupling between ryanodine receptors (RyR) is critical to induce Ca2+ waves, and the low incidence of DADs in the healthy heart with strong RyR coupling is because of the low Ca2+ sensitivity of RyR. Moreover, EADs in the transgenic LQT2 rabbit model are caused by enhanced Ca2+ sensitivity of RyR, reduced Ca2+ spark refractoriness, and nonlinearity of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger as a function of Ca2+ concentration. Blocking of late sodium current in LQT2 has been shown to prevent EADs by removing a depolarizing current and reducing intracellular Na+ load. Moreover, we propose a four-state model of the SK channel, which efficiently eliminates EADs. For the transgenic LQT1 rabbits, we use an improved whole-cell model to study EAD formation. Heterogeneity of transient outward K+ current is found to be essential to explain EAD initiation in right ventricles while no EADs but prolonged action potential in left ventricles. This heterogeneity is also critical to initiating premature ventricular contractions in a one-dimensional cable consisting of LQT1 myocytes. These studies advance the current understanding of triggered activity initiation and suggest that the SK current and the late sodium current could be therapeutic targets to prevent cardiac arrhythmias."--Author's abstract.
Download or read book Theoretical Modelling Approaches for Investigating Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Vijayanand Chainulu Kowtha and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theoretical Modelling Approaches for Investigating Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias c written by Vijayanand Chainulu Kowtha and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Paul Frederic Cranefield and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Wilbert S. Aronow and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is useful for physicians taking care of patients with cardiac arrhythmias and includes six chapters written by experts in their field. Chapter 1 discusses basic mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias. Chapter 2 discusses the chronobiological aspects of the impact of apnoic episodes on ventricular arrhythmias. Chapter 3 discusses navigation, detection, and tracking during cardiac ablation interventions. Chapter 4 discusses epidemiology and pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmias in several noncardiac diseases, methods used to assess arrhythmia risk, and their association with long-term outcomes. Chapter 5 discusses the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias including indications for implantation of an AICD for primary and for secondary prevention in patients with and without congestive heart failure. Chapter 6 discusses surgical management of atrial fibrillation.
Download or read book Multi scale Modeling of Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Francisco Sahli and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, almost half a million people die each year as a result of cardiac arrhythmias. These diseases comprise a number of abnormal rhythms, where the electrical activity of the heart is disturbed. Despite decades of research, the mechanisms by which arrhythmias develop remain poorly explained. One of the main challenges is that even though arrhythmias appear at the organ level, they can be triggered by sub-cellular changes, creating an inherently multi-scale problem. Computational models can bridge across scales to provide mechanistic understanding of these conditions. This thesis elaborates on the development of these models and their applicability to different types of arrhythmias. We study how different components of these models affect their response and the consequences of clinical applications. Moreover, we develop a high resolution, multi-scale model of the heart. We model from the ionic channels in the cell, to the different distributions of cell populations, to the entire heart. This tool allow us to study, for example, the development of drug-induced arrhythmias, where if specific ionic channels are blocked, arrhythmias appear spontaneously. We also apply machine learning techniques to extract knowledge and alleviate the computational cost of these high resolution models. We anticipate the newly developed models and methodologies will help to elaborate mechanistic explanations of the development of arrhythmias and elucidate new treatments.
Download or read book Fogoros Electrophysiologic Testing written by Richard N. Fogoros and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic guide to applying, performing and interpreting EP tests, updated for the latest trends and developments in the field For more than thirty years, Electrophysiologic Testing has been a trusted introduction to the field of electrophysiology for anyone needing to quickly acquaint themselves with basic concepts and procedures of EP testing, especially medical students, residents, nurses and technicians. At the same time, it also has served as a ready reference for medical practitioners wanting to brush up on aspects of electrophysiology, or to fine-tune their mastery of the field. Updates and additions featured in the Sixth Edition of this classic guide include extensive new material on the ablation of cardiac arrhythmias, including new chapters on the ablation of atrial fibrillation, typical and atypical atrial flutters and ventricular arrhythmias. The ultimate guide to applying, performing and interpreting EP tests to optimise the treatment of patients with cardiac arrhythmias, Electrophysiologic Testing, Sixth Edition: Clarifies the role of electrophysiology in the evaluation of cardia arrhythmias Provides clear summaries of complex topics Features a uniquely user-friendly style that makes information easy to digest and recall Offers clear, step-by-step guidance on performing EP tests and interpreting their results Reviews the latest developments in therapeutic electrophysiology As with all previous editions, this updated and revised Sixth Edition was written with the goal of demystifying electrophysiology, and making it readily accessible to virtually anyone with a professional need. To that end, Drs. Fogoros and Mandrola have once again turned in a masterful performance.
Download or read book J Wave Syndromes written by Charles Antzelevitch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delineates the state of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of J wave syndromes, as well as where future research needs to be directed. It covers basic science, translational and clinical aspects of these syndromes. The authors are leading experts in their respective fields, who have contributed prominently to the literature concerning these topics. J wave syndromes are one of the hottest topics in cardiology today. Cardiac arrhythmias associated with Brugada syndrome (BrS) or an early repolarization (ER) pattern in the inferior or infero-lateral ECG leads are thought to be mechanistically linked to accentuation of transient outward current (Ito)-mediated J waves. Although BrS and ER syndrome (ERS) differ with respect to magnitude and lead location of abnormal J waves, they are thought to represent a continuous spectrum of phenotypic expression termed J wave syndromes. ERS is divided into three subtypes with the most severe, Type 3, displaying an ER pattern globally in the inferior, lateral and right precordial leads. BrS has been linked to mutations in 19 different genes, whereas ERS has been associated with mutations in 7 different genes. There is a great deal of confusion as to how to properly diagnose and treat the J wave syndromes as well as confusion about the underlying mechanisms. The demonstration of successful epicardial ablation of BrS has provided new therapeutic options for the management of this syndrome for which treatment alternatives are currently very limited, particularly in the case of electrical storms caused by otherwise uncontrollable recurrent VT/VF. An early repolarization pattern is observed in 2-5% of the US population. While it is clear that the vast majority of individuals exhibiting an ER pattern are not at risk for sudden cardiac death, the challenge moving forward is to identify those individuals who truly are at risk and to design safe and effective treatments.
Download or read book Cardiology Explained written by Euan A. Ashley and published by Remedica. This book was released on 2004 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most time-consuming tasks in clinical medicine is seeking the opinions of specialist colleagues. There is a pressure not only to make referrals appropriate but also to summarize the case in the language of the specialist. This book explains basic physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in a straightforward manner, gives guidelines as to when referral is appropriate, and, uniquely, explains what the specialist is likely to do. It is ideal for any hospital doctor, generalist, or even senior medical student who may need a cardiology opinion, or for that ma.
Download or read book Clinical Guide to Cardiology written by Christian Fielder Camm and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical Guide to Cardiology is a quick-reference resource, packed full of bullet points, diagrams, tables and algorithms for the key concepts and facts for important presentations and conditions within cardiology. It provides practical, evidence-based information on interventions, investigations, and the management of clinical cardiology. Key features include: A clear evidence-base providing key guidelines and clinical trials in each chapter Coverage of examination techniques, common conditions, imaging modalities (including ECGs, chest X-rays, MRI and CT), interventional therapies, and pharmacology A companion website at www.wiley.com/go/camm/cardiology featuring audio clips, developed for differing levels of knowledge, that explain key concepts or an area in greater detail, as well as numerous additional clinical case studies, audio scripts, and self-assessment material
Download or read book Monophasic Action Potentials written by Michael R. Franz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades monophasic action potential (MAP) recording has matured into a technique that provides a link between basic and clinical electrophysiology. International experts present exciting data on MAP recording techniques, the mechanism and interpretation of MAPs, and novel aspects of repolarization-related arrhythmias.
Download or read book Thoracic Vein Arrhythmias written by Shih-Ann Chen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1998 Professor Haïssaguerre and his colleagues made the initial observation in patients that triggering foci in or around the pulmonary veins initiate some types of atrial fibrillation. Since then it has become clear that atrial fibrillation and other atrial tachyarrhythmias can be initiated (and possibly maintained) by triggering foci in any of the thoracic veins. This concept is now one of the most current topics in electrophysiology, and while it is a topic of frequent discussion in the major cardiology and electrophysiology journals, Thoracic Vein Arrhythmias: Mechanisms and Treatment is the first state-of-the art multi-authored textbook that integrates the advances made in this rapidly developing new area of cardiac arrhythmias for the global community. Edited by Drs. Shih-Ann Chen, Michel Haïssaguerre, and Douglas P. Zipes, who are at the forefront of advances in this field of cardiology, and with contributions from authors representing an international array of authorities in their individual fields, this text will be an invaluable reference to students, basic scientists, and clinicians with an interest in any aspect of cardiac arrhythmia. First textbook to provide comprehensive, critical and insightful review by leading experts in the exciting field of thoracic vein arrhythmias. Contains review of the current status of thoracic vein arrhythmias, and speculation on how the new findings will impact on treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. The chapters outline how progress is being made on several fronts ranging from basic mechanisms to invasive treatment for thoracic vein arrhythmias.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Critical Care written by Webb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 1961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.
Download or read book Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias written by Shoei K. Huang and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The breadth and range of the topics covered, and the consistent organization of each chapter, give you simple but detailed access to information on anatomy, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, mapping, and ablation. the book includes a unique section on troubleshooting difficult cases for each arrhythmia, and the use of tables, illustrations, and high-quality figures is unmatched among publications in the field.
Download or read book Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation written by Etienne Aliot and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Edited by Etienne Aliot, MD, FESC, FACC, FHRS Chief of Cardiology, Hôpital Central, University of Nancy, France Michel Haïssaguerre, MD Chief of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, France Warren M. Jackman, MD Chief of Electrophysiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, USA In this text, internationally recognized authors explore and explain the advances in basic and clinical electrophysiology that have had the greatest impact on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Designed to assist in patient care, stimulate research projects, and continue the remarkable advances in catheter ablation of AF, the book covers: the fundamental concepts of AF, origin of signals, computer simulation, and updated reviews of ablation tools the present practical approaches to the ablation of specific targets in the fibrillating atria, including pulmonary veins, atrial neural network, fragmented electrograms, and linear lesions, as well as the strategies in paroxysmal or chronic AF or facing left atrial tachycardias the special challenge of heart failure patients, the impact of ablation on mortality, atrial mechanical function, and lessons from surgical AF ablation Richly illustrated by numerous high-quality images, Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation will help every member of the patient care team.
Download or read book Electrophysiological Foundations of Cardiac Arrhythmias Second Edition written by Andrew L. Wit and published by Cardiotext Publishing. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in an abridged second edition, Electrophysiological Foundations of Cardiac Arrhythmias focuses on teaching the fundamental concepts of cardiac cellular electrophysiology with an emphasis on the relationship of basic mechanisms to clinical cardiac arrhythmias. Understanding this relationship and the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying arrhythmogenesis will be invaluable to physicians entering the fields of cardiology and clinical electrophysiology, as well as those scientists and clinicians already working in these areas. These essential concepts of electrophysiology include discussion on action potentials, ion channels and currents, and mechanisms of arrhythmias, and provide the working knowledge that will enable the reader to approach a board exam confidently. Additionally, the authors build a base of understanding that will prepare the reader for more advanced texts, such as Josephson’s Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology: Techniques and Interpretations.
Download or read book Heart Failure A Companion to Braunwald s Heart Disease E Book written by G. Michael Felker and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date, authoritative and comprehensive, Heart Failure, 4th Edition, provides the clinically relevant information you need to effectively manage and treat patients with this complex cardiovascular problem. This fully revised companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease helps you make the most of new drug therapies such as angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), recently improved implantable devices, and innovative patient management strategies. Led by internationally recognized heart failure experts Dr. G. Michael Felker and Dr. Douglas Mann, this outstanding reference gives health care providers the knowledge to improve clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. Focuses on a clinical approach to treating heart failure, resulting from a broad variety of cardiovascular problems. Covers the most recent guidelines and protocols, including significant new updates to ACC, AHA, and HFSA guidelines. Covers key topics such as biomarkers and precision medicine in heart failure and new data on angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs). Contains four new chapters: Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Failure; Amyloidosis as a Cause of Heart Failure; HIV and Heart Failure; and Neuromodulation in Heart Failure. Covers the pathophysiological basis for the development and progression of heart failure. Serves as a definitive resource to prepare for the ABIM’s Heart Failure board exam. 2016 British Medical Association Award: First Prize, Cardiology (3rd Edition).
