Download or read book The Weaponization of Human Rights in US China Trade Policy written by Joel Slawotsky and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hegemonic rivalry between the United States and China has generated tectonic geoeconomic shifts with massive implications for global trade. Global trade, inextricably linked with national prosperity, international politics and global governance, is increasingly driven less by economic realities and more by great power rivalry. Demonstrating both the dynamic nature of US-China trade tensions and the impact of and international political relations, are allegations of Chinese human rights violations being injected by the US as part of trade policy. Invoking human rights in the trade context has already caused multi-dimensional complexities impacting businesses; supply-chains; coalition building; and spurring counter measures. Linking human rights to trade policies might also lead to increasing economic nationalism, regionalism, protectionism, and further counter-measures. Significantly, given economic and trade realism, whether the current Western concern over human rights is sustainable longer-term is an open question. Accordingly, weaponizing human rights in trade relations constitutes an omnipresent risk not only to China, but also to the US since economic practicalities and trade pragmatism could potentially precipitate a more Chinacentric international trade governance. Regardless of the outcome, connecting trade to human rights will likely lead to a re-shaping of the existing trade architecture.
Download or read book Trade and Human Rights written by Susan C. Morris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2002: Utilizing the case of the 1994 US decision to delink China’s human rights record from most favoured nation status, Susan C. Morris addresses the critical issues where commercialism and human rights converge. This insightful addition to the literature on US foreign policy on human rights draws on both political and economic theory, touching upon the relationships between labour conditions and production, business and freedom of association, management and bargaining and ultimately the relationship between economics and human justice. Empirically, the work draws on US Congressional proceedings and debates throughout the decade of the 1990s. Although the trade and human rights debate has long been ingrained in the rhetoric of scholars, the research approaches the issue within the context of communism’s last major threshold, making it a valuable contribution to the field of international relations.
Download or read book The Uses and Abuses of Weaponized Interdependence written by Daniel W. Drezner and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How globalized information networks can be used for strategic advantage Until recently, globalization was viewed, on balance, as an inherently good thing that would benefit people and societies nearly everywhere. Now there is growing concern that some countries will use their position in globalized networks to gain undue influence over other societies through their dominance of information and financial networks, a concept known as "weaponized interdependence." In exploring the conditions under which China, Russia, and the United States might be expected to weaponize control of information and manipulate the global economy, the contributors to this volume challenge scholars and practitioners to think differently about foreign economic policy, national security, and statecraft for the twenty-first century. The book addresses such questions as: What areas of the global economy are most vulnerable to unilateral control of information and financial networks? How sustainable is the use of weaponized interdependence? What are the possible responses from targeted actors? And how sustainable is the open global economy if weaponized interdependence becomes a default tool for managing international relations?
Download or read book Weaponizing Digital Trade written by Robert K. Knake and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "More and more countries are being drawn into the Chinese model of state-controlled networks that limit privacy, build in the capacity for censorship, and provide the backbone for the surveillance state," Knake explains. By forming a digital trade zone among democracies, "the United States and its allies can create a compelling alternative to the authoritarian web," he writes. The author makes a number of recommendations for the U.S. government to create a digital trade zone, including: Establish a treaty organization to coordinate cybersecurity and law enforcement efforts. "Working with Canada and Mexico, the United States could establish such an organization under the auspices of USMCA [United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement], work out its functions, and then seek to draw in other countries to participate." Create a shared tariff and sanctions policy. "Trade zone members should agree to jointly sanction nonmember states that harbor cybercriminals or participate in banned activities." Create sustained funding for collective efforts. "The agreement should require each member state to contribute annual payments to the treaty organization." Involve nongovernmental stakeholders. "For the digital trade zone to achieve its goals, individual and corporate user groups, internet service providers, content service providers, software and hardware makers, and cybersecurity companies will all need to be involved." Clean up the open web. "A crucial part of this effort should be a sustained, coordinated effort to dismantle the infrastructure used by cybercriminals." Table the hardest issues. "Certain complicated issues in internet governance are unlikely to be resolved by trade negotiators and should be tabled to prevent stalling the formation of the trade zone." "The United States has a short window to draw Europe in and create a competing vision that would attract fence-sitters such as Brazil, India, and Indonesia, which have democratic traditions and are wary of Chinese hegemony on the web," warns Knake. "By tying access to the digital trade zone to obligations for cybersecurity, privacy, and law enforcement cooperation . . . the United States and its allies can force countries to choose between access to their markets or tight control of the internet in the Chinese model." "Securing an open, interoperable, secure, and reliable internet against threats from authoritarian regimes will likely require abandoning hope that such a network can be global," concludes Knake.
Download or read book Economic Statecraft written by David A. Baldwin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Techniques of statecraft -- What is economic statecraft? -- Thinking about economic statecraft -- Economic statecraft in international thought -- Bargaining with economic statecraft -- National power and economic statecraft -- "Classic cases" reconsidered -- Foreign trade -- Foreign aid -- The legality and morality of economic statecraft -- Conclusion -- Afterword : economic statecraft : continuity and change / Ethan B. Kapstein.
Download or read book Special Sexual Operations Accounting for Resistance to the Colonial Gift of Homosexuality in Twenty First Century Africa written by Artwell Nhemachena and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2024-03-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even as African states are currently legislating against homosexuality in order to protect their societies, there are some emergent Eurocentric discourses seeking to legalize bestiality involving sex between humans and nonhuman animals. Indeed, binaries between humans and nonhumans are being challenged, and speciesism is being deconstructed to pave the way for interspecies sex. Critically interrogating these dissident and subversive sexualities in novel ways, this book also deals with emergent humanoid sex robots which are challenging human marriages and families, by replacing human spouses. The book is relevant to anthropologists, sociologists, lawyers, legislators, politicians, theologians, historians, philosophers and educators. “Huge commendations are due for the gargantuan work done on this book which speaks to the past, present and future of African sexualities. These are revolutionary thoughts that change the traditional Western scholarship landscape in the field of sexualities. The book inculcates and imparts African people-centred strategic architectural futuristic flavor for building Africa’s competitive positioning in the discourses on sexualities for the centuries ahead. Indeed, it is commendable and deserves an award for revitalizing Africanity and Africanism renaissance. I am sure this book is going to stimulate broad discussions from Africa and the rest of the world which have sadly been fed with Eurocentric single stories on African sexualities.” Professor Eginald P. Mihanjo, Saint Augustine University of Tanzania “This is a must-read book. It grapples with the important question: ‘Why the West would want to decolonize only by ‘returning’ homosexuality to Africans and not by returning African land, artefacts, skulls and skeletons?’ The book challenges the systemic humanophobic mission, orchestrated by neo- capitalists in the Euro-American world and their allies in Africa. Until we hold together the ethical and ontological boundaries of marriage as a divine-cultural mandate, secured in its sociogenic logicality, all the debates about decolonization will not save us from the ultimate crime of promoting ontological disorderliness.” Charles Prempeh, PhD (Cantab), Research Fellow, Centre for Cultural and African Studies, Kumasi, Ghana, and author of Gender, Sexuality and Decolonisation in Postcolonial Ghana: A Socio-Philosophical Engagement
Download or read book Avoiding the Thucydides Trap written by Dong Wang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the relationship between China and the United States becomes increasingly complex and interdependent, leaders in Beijing and Washington are struggling to establish a solid common foundation on which to expand and deepen bilateral relations. In order to examine the challenges facing U.S.-China relations, the National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR) and the Institute for Global Cooperation and Understanding (iGCU) at Peking University brought together a group of leading experts from China and the United States in Beijing and Honolulu to develop a conceptual foundation for U.S.-China relations into the future, tackling the issues in innovative ways under the banner of U.S.-China Relations in Strategic Domains. The resulting chapters assess U.S.-China relations in the maritime and nuclear sectors as well as in cyberspace and space and through the lens of P2P and mil-to-mil exchanges. Scholars and students in political science and international relations are thus presented with a diagnosis and prognosis of the relations between the two superpowers.
Download or read book The Paradox of Power written by David C. Gompert and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2020 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second half of the 20th century featured a strategic competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. That competition avoided World War III in part because during the 1950s, scholars like Henry Kissinger, Thomas Schelling, Herman Kahn, and Albert Wohlstetter analyzed the fundamental nature of nuclear deterrence. Decades of arms control negotiations reinforced these early notions of stability and created a mutual understanding that allowed U.S.-Soviet competition to proceed without armed conflict. The first half of the 21st century will be dominated by the relationship between the United States and China. That relationship is likely to contain elements of both cooperation and competition. Territorial disputes such as those over Taiwan and the South China Sea will be an important feature of this competition, but both are traditional disputes, and traditional solutions suggest themselves. A more difficult set of issues relates to U.S.-Chinese competition and cooperation in three domains in which real strategic harm can be inflicted in the current era: nuclear, space, and cyber. Just as a clearer understanding of the fundamental principles of nuclear deterrence maintained adequate stability during the Cold War, a clearer understanding of the characteristics of these three domains can provide the underpinnings of strategic stability between the United States and China in the decades ahead. That is what this book is about.
Download or read book Neoliberalism Inequality and Authoritarianism written by Jon Kofas and published by The Little French eBooks. This book was released on 2024-09-03 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book exposes the inherent contradictions of neoliberalism. The myth of limitless growth ignores the reality of resource constraints and fuels a global upward transfer of wealth. Meanwhile, a fractured global economy and intensifying class warfare chip away at neoliberalism's foundation. As inequality spirals and social justice crumbles, the model increasingly serves a privileged few at the expense of the majority. This undermines the Enlightenment ideal of using liberal democracy to improve lives in the age of mass politics, threatening neoliberalism's very survival.
Download or read book Weapons of Mass Migration written by Kelly M. Greenhill and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-23 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At first glance, the U.S. decision to escalate the war in Vietnam in the mid-1960s, China's position on North Korea's nuclear program in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the EU resolution to lift what remained of the arms embargo against Libya in the mid-2000s would appear to share little in common. Yet each of these seemingly unconnected and far-reaching foreign policy decisions resulted at least in part from the exercise of a unique kind of coercion, one predicated on the intentional creation, manipulation, and exploitation of real or threatened mass population movements. In Weapons of Mass Migration, Kelly M. Greenhill offers the first systematic examination of this widely deployed but largely unrecognized instrument of state influence. She shows both how often this unorthodox brand of coercion has been attempted (more than fifty times in the last half century) and how successful it has been (well over half the time). She also tackles the questions of who employs this policy tool, to what ends, and how and why it ever works. Coercers aim to affect target states' behavior by exploiting the existence of competing political interests and groups, Greenhill argues, and by manipulating the costs or risks imposed on target state populations. This "coercion by punishment" strategy can be effected in two ways: the first relies on straightforward threats to overwhelm a target's capacity to accommodate a refugee or migrant influx; the second, on a kind of norms-enhanced political blackmail that exploits the existence of legal and normative commitments to those fleeing violence, persecution, or privation. The theory is further illustrated and tested in a variety of case studies from Europe, East Asia, and North America. To help potential targets better respond to—and protect themselves against—this kind of unconventional predation, Weapons of Mass Migration also offers practicable policy recommendations for scholars, government officials, and anyone concerned about the true victims of this kind of coercion—the displaced themselves.
Download or read book China Space Weapons and U S Security written by Bruce W. MacDonald and published by Council on Foreign Relations. This book was released on 2008 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MacDonald recommends options and policies that will promote options and policies that will promote American security interests in space. He argues that the U.S. needs to take priority defensive military space measures to offset potential Chinese anti-satellite and related capabilities.
Download or read book The Long Game written by Rush Doshi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-11 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a century, no US adversary or coalition of adversaries - not Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, or the Soviet Union - has ever reached sixty percent of US GDP. China is the sole exception, and it is fast emerging into a global superpower that could rival, if not eclipse, the United States. What does China want, does it have a grand strategy to achieve it, and what should the United States do about it? In The Long Game, Rush Doshi draws from a rich base of Chinese primary sources, including decades worth of party documents, leaked materials, memoirs by party leaders, and a careful analysis of China's conduct to provide a history of China's grand strategy since the end of the Cold War. Taking readers behind the Party's closed doors, he uncovers Beijing's long, methodical game to displace America from its hegemonic position in both the East Asia regional and global orders through three sequential "strategies of displacement." Beginning in the 1980s, China focused for two decades on "hiding capabilities and biding time." After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, it became more assertive regionally, following a policy of "actively accomplishing something." Finally, in the aftermath populist elections of 2016, China shifted to an even more aggressive strategy for undermining US hegemony, adopting the phrase "great changes unseen in century." After charting how China's long game has evolved, Doshi offers a comprehensive yet asymmetric plan for an effective US response. Ironically, his proposed approach takes a page from Beijing's own strategic playbook to undermine China's ambitions and strengthen American order without competing dollar-for-dollar, ship-for-ship, or loan-for-loan.
Download or read book The Americanisation of the World Trade Order written by Asif H Qureshi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-06-17 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insights into the world trading order that is informed by power --- in particular, the unidirectional norm imparting impact of US foreign trade law and practice on its trading partners and non-State actors. In this context, the recent tensions between the US and China, has brought to the fore, several fundamental and systemic questions. Underpinning these is the challenge of accommodating economic power under the rule of international economic law, including inculcating responsibility in its engagement. In the light of the recent US challenges to the world trading order, this timely publication will help us understand how U.S. will continue to shape the international economic order.
Download or read book The United States and China written by Dong Wang and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now fully revised and updated, The United States and China offers a comprehensive synthesis of US-Chinese relations from initial contact to the present. Balancing the modern (1784–1949) and contemporary (1949–present) periods, Dong Wang retraces centuries of interaction between two of the world’s great powers from the perspective of both sides. She examines state-to-state diplomacy, as well as economic, social, military, religious, and cultural interplay within varying national and international contexts. As China itself continues to grow in global importance, so too does the US-Chinese relationship, and this book provides an essential grounding for understanding its past, present, and possible futures.
Download or read book Likewar written by Peter Warren Singer and published by Eamon Dolan Books. This book was released on 2018 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social media has been weaponized, as state hackers and rogue terrorists have seized upon Twitter and Facebook to create chaos and destruction. This urgent report is required reading, from defense experts P.W. Singer and Emerson T. Brooking.
Download or read book EU and US Foreign Economic Policy Responses to China written by Joachim Schild and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines EU and US bilateral trade and investment relations with China, their attempts to level the economic playing field and to narrow the ‘reciprocity gap’ in market openness. It explores the extent of EU and US policy change, the underlying factors accounting for this change and compares EU and US foreign economic policy answers to an adversary increasingly perceived as an unfair economic competitor and as a systemic rival. The book covers a broad range of policy areas from ‘trade wars’, trade defense instruments, their reform and use, investment screening, and export control to industrial policies. It makes eclectic use of different strands of International Relations, International Political Economy and Policy Analysis theorizing to account for the extent of, and differences in, the EU and US responses. The People’s Republic of China’s stellar economic and political rise combined with the resilience of its unfair trade practices, its reinforced authoritarian repression at home and its ever more assertive foreign (economic) policy has triggered a shift in perceptions of China, followed by equally profound policy change in the European Union and the US. This book expertly charts and explains this significant shift in stance. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners in the fields of EU trade policymaking, US foreign/ foreign economic policy, EU-China-US economic relations, European political economy, and more broadly to European studies, Asian studies, International Relations, International Political Economy, and transatlantic relations.
Download or read book China 2049 written by David Dollar and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-06-09 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How will China reform its economy as it aspires to become the next economic superpower? It's clear that China is the world's next economic superpower. But what isn't so clear is how China will get there by the middle of this century. It now faces tremendous challenges such as fostering innovation, dealing with ageing problem and coping with a less accommodative global environment. In this book, economists from China's leading university and America's best-known think tank offer in depth analyses of these challenges. Does China have enough talent and right policy and institutional mix to transit from input-driven to innovation-driven economy? What does ageing mean, in terms of labor supply, consumption demand and social welfare expenditure? Can China contain the environmental and climate change risks? How should the financial system be transformed in order to continuously support economic growth and keep financial risks under control? What fiscal reforms are required in order to balance between economic efficiency and social harmony? What roles should the state-owned enterprises play in the future Chinese economy? In addition, how will technological competition between the United States and China affect each country's development? Will the Chinese yuan emerge as a major reserve currency, and would this destabilize the international financial system? What will be China's role in the international economic institutions? And will the United States and other established powers accept a growing role for China and the rest of the developing world in the governance of global institutions such as the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund, or will the world devolve into competing blocs? This book provides unique insights into independent analyses and policy recommendations by a group of top Chinese and American scholars. Whether China succeeds or fails in economic reform will have a large impact, not just on China's development, but also on stability and prosperity for the whole world.
