Download or read book The Violence Pendulum written by Ioana Emy Matesan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Would the Islamic State ever renounce violence? In the current political climate, the question seems preposterous. Yet, at the height of a terrorist campaign against tourists in Egypt during the 1990s, nobody expected that the group behind the attacks would issue and adhere to a nonviolence initiative. What drives groups to shift between nonviolence and violence? When do opposition groups move away from armed action, and why do some organizations renounce violence permanently, whereas others refrain temporarily? In The Violence Pendulum, Ioana Emy Matesan offers a theory of tactical change that explains both escalation and de-escalation in order to answer these questions. Matesan's analysis traces the historical evolution of four Islamist groups: the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya in Egypt, and Darul Islam and Jemaah Islamiyah in Indonesia. Drawing from archival materials, interviews, and reports, she focuses on turning points in each organization. Ultimately, she finds that Islamist groups alter their tactics in response to the perceived need for activism, shifts in the cost of violent versus nonviolent resistance, and internal or external pressures on the organization. Groups turn to violence when grievances escalate, violent resistance is feasible and publicly tolerated, and there are internal or external pressures to act. In turn, groups renounce armed action when violence costs them too much, disillusionment eclipses the perceived need for continued activism, and leaders are willing to rethink the tactics and strategies of the group. By uncovering the reasons for escalation and de-escalation across a range of political environments, The Violence Pendulum reshapes our understanding of how decisions are made--and how nonviolence can be achieved--in armed groups.
Download or read book The Violence Pendulum written by Ioana Emy Matesan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Would the Islamic State ever renounce violence? In the current political climate, the question seems preposterous. Yet, at the height of a terrorist campaign against tourists in Egypt during the 1990s, nobody expected that the group behind the attacks would issue and adhere to a nonviolence initiative. What drives groups to shift between nonviolence and violence? When do opposition groups move away from armed action, and why do some organizations renounce violence permanently, whereas others refrain temporarily? In The Violence Pendulum, Ioana Emy Matesan offers a theory of tactical change that explains both escalation and de-escalation in order to answer these questions. Matesan's analysis traces the historical evolution of four Islamist groups: the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya in Egypt, and Darul Islam and Jemaah Islamiyah in Indonesia. Drawing from archival materials, interviews, and reports, she focuses on turning points in each organization. Ultimately, she finds that Islamist groups alter their tactics in response to the perceived need for activism, shifts in the cost of violent versus nonviolent resistance, and internal or external pressures on the organization. Groups turn to violence when grievances escalate, violent resistance is feasible and publicly tolerated, and there are internal or external pressures to act. In turn, groups renounce armed action when violence costs them too much, disillusionment eclipses the perceived need for continued activism, and leaders are willing to rethink the tactics and strategies of the group. By uncovering the reasons for escalation and de-escalation across a range of political environments, The Violence Pendulum reshapes our understanding of how decisions are made--and how nonviolence can be achieved--in armed groups.
Download or read book Breaking the Pendulum written by Philip Goodman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of criminal justice in the U.S. is often described as a pendulum, swinging back and forth between strict punishment and lenient rehabilitation. While this view is common wisdom, it is wrong. In Breaking the Pendulum, Philip Goodman, Joshua Page, and Michelle Phelps systematically debunk the pendulum perspective, showing that it distorts how and why criminal justice changes. The pendulum model blinds us to the blending of penal orientations, policies, and practices, as well as the struggle between actors that shapes laws, institutions, and how we think about crime, punishment, and related issues. Through a re-analysis of more than two hundred years of penal history, starting with the rise of penitentiaries in the 19th Century and ending with ongoing efforts to roll back mass incarceration, the authors offer an alternative approach to conceptualizing penal development. Their agonistic perspective posits that struggle is the motor force of criminal justice history. Punishment expands, contracts, and morphs because of contestation between real people in real contexts, not a mechanical "swing" of the pendulum. This alternative framework is far more accurate and empowering than metaphors that ignore or downplay the importance of struggle in shaping criminal justice. This clearly written, engaging book is an invaluable resource for teachers, students, and scholars seeking to understand the past, present, and future of American criminal justice. By demonstrating the central role of struggle in generating major transformations, Breaking the Pendulum encourages combatants to keep fighting to change the system.
Download or read book American Pendulum written by Christopher Hemmer and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As new presidential administrations come into power, they each bring their own approach to foreign policy. No grand strategy, however, is going to be completely novel. New administrations never start with a blank slate, so it is always possible to see similarities between an administration and its predecessors. Conversely, since each administration faces novel problems and operates in a unique context, no foreign policy strategy is going to be an exact replica of its predecessors. In American Pendulum, Christopher Hemmer examines America's grand strategic choices between 1914 and 2014 using four recurring debates in American foreign policy as lenses. First, how should the United States balance the trade-offs between working alone versus working with other states and international organizations? Second, what is the proper place of American values in foreign policy? Third, where does the strategic perimeter of the United States lie? And fourth, is time on the side of the United States or of its enemies?Offering new readings of debates within the Wilson, Truman, Nixon, Bush, and Obama administrations, Hemmer asserts that heated debates, disagreements, and even confusions over U.S. grand strategy are not only normal but also beneficial. He challenges the claim that uncertainties or inconsistences about the nation's role in the world or approach to security issues betray strategic confusion or the absence of a grand strategy. American foreign policy, he states, is most in danger not when debates are at their most pointed but when the weight of opinion crushes dissent. As the United States looks ahead to an increasingly multipolar world with increasing complicated security issues, Hemmer concludes, developing an effective grand strategy requires ongoing contestation and compromises between competing visions and policies.
Download or read book Scientific American written by and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foucault s Pendulum written by Umberto Eco and published by Random House. This book was released on 2014-08-29 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three book editors, jaded by reading far too many crackpot manuscripts on the mystic and the occult, are inspired by an extraordinary conspiracy story told to them by a strange colonel to have some fun. They start feeding random bits of information into a powerful computer capable of inventing connections between the entries, thinking they are creating nothing more than an amusing game, but then their game starts to take over, the deaths start mounting, and they are forced into a frantic search for the truth
Download or read book Practical Pendulum Book written by D Jurriaanse and published by Weiser Books. This book was released on 2001-11-15 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Easy instructions for using a pendulum to determine how your inner self is feeling. Use it to learn your best colors, how to motivate your career, for personal relationships. Also included are charts for working with homeopathic remedies, herbal teas, to increase health and vitality and number of other alternatives.
Download or read book PENDULUM written by Randal R. Jones and published by Booklocker.com. This book was released on 2021-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pendulum pits the secretive United States Military Liaison Mission (USMLM) against the Soviet forces of East Germany and places this rivalry in the context of a Soviet military conspiracy against its own political apparatus.
Download or read book The Anatomy of Violence written by Adrian Raine and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 2013 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provocative and timely: a pioneering neurocriminologist introduces the latest biological research into the causes of--and potential cures for--criminal behavior. With an 8-page full-color insert, and black-and-white illustrations throughout.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Royal Society written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Royal Society of London written by Royal Society (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reality Transurfing written by Vadim Zeland and published by John Hunt Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transurfing Reality was one of the top non-fiction bestsellers in the world in 2005 and 2006. Unknown till now in the West, the series has sold over 1,300,000 copies in Russia in three years. This translation (by Natasha Micharina) describes a new way of looking at reality, indeed of creating it. It provides a scientific explanation of the laws that help you do this, building up a scientific model, speaking in detail about particular rules to follow and giving important how-to tips, illustrated with examples. The author introduces a system of specific terms, notions, and metaphors, which together make a truly convincing, thought-provoking theory of creating your own life. “You are ruled by circumstances and it will always be like that until you learn how to manage your reality,” says the author. Bringing together the cutting edge of modern science and philosophical teaching, the book's style is popular-scientific, metaphorical and conversational. Books in the series: Reality Transurfing 1: The Space of Variations; Reality Transurfing 2: A Rustle of Morning Stars; Reality Transurfing 3: Forward to the Past; Reality Transurfing 4: Ruling Reality; Reality Transurfing 5: Apples Fall to the Sky
Download or read book On Intensified Gravity in Centrifugal Governors of Driving Clocks and Steam engines written by C. Piazzi Smyth and published by . This book was released on 1869 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Intensified Gravity in Centrifugal Governors of Driving Clocks and Steam engines written by Gharles Piazzi Smith and published by . This book was released on 1869 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transactions of the Seismological Society of Japan written by and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transactions of the Seismological Society of Japan written by Jishin Gakkai (Japan) and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stalking the Wild Pendulum written by Itzhak Bentov and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his exciting and original view of the universe, Itzhak Bentov has provided a new perspective on human consciousness and its limitless possibilities. Widely known and loved for his delightful humor and imagination, Bentov explains the familiar world of phenomena with perceptions that are as lucid as they are thrilling. He gives us a provocative picture of ourselves in an expanded, conscious, holistic universe.
