Download or read book The Verbal Piece in Ebira written by John R. Adive and published by Sil International, Global Publishing. This book was released on 1989 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the verbal piece of Ebira (a Nigerian language), the most complex unit in the language from the mother tongue speaker's point of view.
Download or read book S I Units and Numerals in Ebira written by Okikiri Edward Audu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negation Patterns in West African Languages and Beyond written by Norbert Cyffer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with issues on negation patterns in languages of West Africa and the adjacent north and east. The first aim is to provide data on various aspects of negation in African languages. Although the topics addressed here reflect a great diversity of negation patterns, the following typological features have been identified to be prominent in our region: conflict or even incompatibility between negation and focus, use of other indirect means of negating non-indicative mood (covered under the term Prohibitive ), different negation patterns in different Tense-Aspect-Moods (e.g. Imperfective vs. Perfective), lack of negative indefinites, and disjunctive negative marking (often referred to as double negation ). The articles presented here show that areal factors have played a significant role in the development of negation strategies in the languages of West Africa and beyond. On the other hand genetic factors seem to be less prominent."
Download or read book A Grammar of Igala written by Ejeba, Salem Ochala and published by M & J Grand Orbit Communications. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book establishes 28 phonemic consonants and 7 vowels, as well as lexical and grammatical tones in Igala. It shows the canonical syllable types as V and CV with no complexity, and relates resyllabification to the retiming of segments as tone bearing units and the duration of their mora. The work discusses nine word classes, as well as ideophones and clitics in Igala. There are splitting verbs of various structures and fully-fledged pronouns with morphologically toneless clitic counterparts that are toned in their syntactic context, among other elements of the Igala morphology. The work establishes clitics as generally bearing the grammatical tones of various categories as a result of their morphological tonelessness and their availability for post-lexical tone assignment. It also accounts for the generally complex interaction of clitics and tones in the organisation of the morphosyntax and the tone-syntax interface. Igala has both verbal and nominal extensional affixes with various semantic features. Some interesting discussions in the Igala syntax include the structural and functional types of serial verb constructions, the detransitivizing process of verb movement in object demoting structures, coreferentiality in relativised constituents and the future/non-future temporal distinction. Complementary binominals are conjoined with a specified binominal morpheme, and their rigidly irreversible structures have implications in the Igala semantics. The binominals demonstrate a grammatically specified pattern defined over a conceptual space, showing the network among conceptual categories, such as kinship, marital, social, hunter-hunted, more-less and cause-effect relationships as reflected in the Igala grammar.
Download or read book Reference in Discourse written by A. A. Kibrik and published by Oxford Studies in Typology and. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full study of how people refer to entities in natural discourse. It contributes to the understanding of both linguistic diversity and the cognitive underpinnings of language and it provides a framework for further research in both fields. Andrej Kibrik focuses on the way specific entities are mentioned in natural discourse, during which about every third word usually depends on referential choice. He considers reference as an overt representation of underlying cognitive processes and combines a theoretically-oriented cognitive approach with empirically-based cross-linguistic analysis. He begins by introducing the cognitive approach to discourse analysis and by examining the relationship between discourse studies and linguistic typology. He discusses reference as a linguistic phenomenon, in connection with the traditional notions of deixis, anaphora, givenness, and topicality, and describes the way his theoretical approach is centered on notions of referent activation in working memory. He argues that the speaker is responsible for the shape of discourse and that referential expressions should be understood as choices made by speakers rather than as puzzles to be solved by addressees. Kibrik examines the cross-linguistic aspects of reference and the typology of referential devices, including referring expressions per se, such as free and bound pronouns, and referential aids that help to tell apart the concurrently activated entities. This discussion is based on the data from about 200 languages from around the world. He then proposes a comprehensive model of referential choice, in which he draws on concepts from cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, and applies this to Russian and English. He also draws together his empirical analyses in order to examine what light his analysis of discourse can shed on the way information is processed in working memory. In the final part of the book Andrej Kibrik offers a wider perspective, including deixis, referential aspects of gesticulation and signed languages. This pioneering work will interest linguists and cognitive scientists interested in discourse, reference, typology, and the operations of working memory in linguistic communication.
Download or read book Language Literature and Culture in a Multilingual Society written by Ozo-mekuri Ndimele and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers here were selected from presentations made at the 24th Annual Conference of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN) which held at Bayero University Kano. The book contains seventy-seven (77) papers addressing various issues in linguistics, literature and cultures in Nigeria. The book is organized into four sections, as follows: Section One Language and Society; Section Two Applied Linguistics; Section Three Literature, Culture, Stylistics and Gender Studies and Section Four Formal Linguistics.
Download or read book From Now to Eternity written by Jesse Mortelmans and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2011 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preliminary Material -- Non-state imperfectives in Romance and West-Germanic: How does Germanic render the progressive ? /Werner Abraham and Cláudio C. e C. Gonçalvez -- Aspectual symmetry between indirect locative and external arguments: the French case /Maria Asnes -- Revisiting the distinction between accomplishments and achievements /Fabienne Martin -- Negation and perfective vs. imperfective aspect /Matti Miestamo and Johan Van Der Auwera -- Some semantic aspects of gerundive clauses in European Portuguese /António Leal -- Introducing the present perfective puzzle /Gerhard Schaden -- Why the present perfect differs cross-linguistically. Some new insights /Björn Rothstein -- (Non-)modal uses of the present indicative in Dutch legislation /Karen Deschamps and Hans Smessaert -- Attenuation in French simple tenses /Adeline Patard and Arnaud Richard -- Towards a novel aspectuo-temporal account of conditionals /Patrick Caudal.
Download or read book Standard Negation written by Matti Miestamo and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first cross-linguistic study of clausal negation based on an extensive and systematic language sample. Methodological issues, especially sampling, are discussed at length. Standard negation – the basic structural means languages have for negating declarative verbal main clauses – is typologized from a new perspective, paying attention to structural differences between affirmatives and negatives. In symmetric negation affirmative and negative structures show no differences except for the presence of the negative marker(s), whereas in asymmetric negation there are further structural differences, i.e. asymmetries. A distinction is made between constructional and paradigmatic asymmetry; in the former the addition of the negative marker(s) is accompanied by further structural differences in comparison to the corresponding affirmative, and in the latter the correspondences between the members of (verbal etc.) paradigms used in affirmatives and negatives are not one-to-one. Cross-cutting the constructional-paradigmatic distinction, asymmetric negation can be further divided into subtypes according to the nature of the asymmetry. Standard negation structures found in the 297 sample languages are exemplified and discussed in detail. The frequencies of the different types and some typological correlations are also examined. Functional motivations are proposed for the structural types – symmetric negatives are language-internally analogous to the linguistic structure of the affirmative and asymmetric negatives are language-externally analogous to different asymmetries between affirmation and negation on the functional level. Relevant diachronic issues are also discussed. The book is of interest to language typologists, descriptive linguists and to all linguists interested in negation.
Download or read book Desano Grammar written by Marion Miller and published by Sil International, Global Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents comprehensive overview of Desano (southeast Colombia and Brazil) grammar, from phonetic to discourse features.
Download or read book Windows on Bilingualism written by Eugene H. Casad and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Northern Embera Languages written by Charles Arthur Mortensen and published by Sil International, Global Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compares and contrasts Embera-Katio and Northern Embera (Colombia) proper with each other and with other languages of the Embera branch of the Choco family. Gives special reference to Epena Pedee (Saija) of the Southern Embera group. Is of special interest to linguists of all persuasions, especially typologists, Americanists, and those interested in the Choco and adjacent language families. Builds on the fourth book in the subseries, Epena Pedee syntax, by Phillip L. Harms. Details grammatical structures from phonemics to discourse.
Download or read book The Structure of Thai Narrative written by Somsonge Burusphat and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tense and Aspect in Eight Languages of Cameroon written by Stephen C. Anderson and published by Summer Institute of Linguistics, Academic Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Diversity written by Jerold A. Edmondson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Southeastern Tepehuan written by Thomas L. Willett and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Barasano Syntax written by Wendell Jones and published by Summer Institute of Linguistics, Academic Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Blackwell Companion to Phonology 5 Volume Set written by Marc van Oostendorp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 3183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available online or as a five-volume print set, The Blackwell Companion to Phonology is a major reference work drawing together 124 new contributions from leading international scholars in the field. It will be indispensable to students and researchers in the field for years to come. Key Features: Full explorations of all the most important ideas and key developments in the field Documents major insights into human language gathered by phonologists in past decades; highlights interdisciplinary connections, such as the social and computational sciences; and examines statistical and experimental techniques Offers an overview of theoretical positions and ongoing debates within phonology at the beginning of the twenty-first century An extensive reference work based on the best and most recent scholarly research – ideal for advanced undergraduates through to faculty and researchers Publishing simultaneously in print and online; visit www.companiontophonology.com for full details Additional features of the online edition (ISBN: 978-1-4443-3526-2): Powerful searching, browsing, and cross-referencing capabilities, including Open URL linking, with all entries classified by key topic, subject, place, people, and period For those institutions already subscribing to Blackwell Reference Online, it offers fully integrated and searchable content with the comprehensive Handbooks in Linguistics series
