Download or read book The Venezuela Guyana Border Dispute written by Jacqueline A. Braveboy-wagner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expiration in 1982 of the Protocol of Port-of-Spain reheated a border dispute between Venezuela and Guyana that had been frozen since 1970, Almost at once, Venezuelan ultranationalists asserted the need to recover by force the Essequibo region of Guyana--two-thirds of that country--which Venezuela had long claimed. While rejecting force as a solution, the Venezuelan government has indicated that the Protocol will not be renewed, thus pushing the economically and politically vulnerable Guyana toward new and uncertain negotiations. This book describes the actors and their stake in the conflict, the capacity of each to develop the disputed region, and the implications of the Venezuelan claim for both sides. Incorporating a critical examination of the conflict's historical-legal background, Dr. Braveboy-Wagner chronicles the progress of the dispute through its various stages and describes the attempts of both sides to elicit outside support, especially from other Third World nations. Finally, she assesses the possibilities for a solution by force and by compromise and considers the potential for U.S. involvement.
Download or read book The Venezuela Guyana Border Dispute written by Jacqueline Anne Braveboy-Wagner and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book THE TRAIL OF DIPLOMACY written by Odeen Ishmael and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the first of a three-part documentary of the Guyana-Venezuela border issue, gives a general overview of the early history of the colonization of the Essequibo region forming the large western part of Guyana. It presents the background to the origin of the territorial dispute which developed from 1840 and examines the opposing views of proposed boundary lines and the long trail of diplomatic exchanges between Venezuela and Great Britain (the colonial ruler of Guyana, then known as British Guiana). It concludes with the involvement of the United States in support of Venezuela, eventually leading to the international arbitration for a "full, perfect, and final settlement" and the arbitral award which delineated the territorial boundary in 1899.
Download or read book The Venezuelan Boundary Controversy written by Grover Cleveland and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Trail of Diplomacy written by Odeen Ishmael and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2015-02-13 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the second of a three-part documentary, continues the history of the Guyana-Venezuela border issue from where Volume One left off. It describes Venezuelas dissatisfaction over the territorial and boundary award issued in 1899 by the international arbitral tribunal, subsequently leading to that countrys government unilaterally declaring it in 1962 as being null and void. The volume goes on to examine the evolved political events, including the sporadic Venezuelan infringements of Guyanas territorial integrity and the pursuit of diplomacy by both countries, resulting eventually in 1966 to a formal agreement at Geneva aimed at seeking a practical settlement of the controversy arising from Venezuelas contention of the nullity of the arbitral award. A subsidiary protocol to suspend the search for a settlement was signed in Port of Spain in 1970, but the succeeding twelve-year period was characterized by a succession of bilateral political interplay, resulting in Venezuelas decision to terminate this pact in 1982.
Download or read book Anglo American Diplomacy and the Reopening of the Guyana Venezuela Boundary Controversy 1961 1966 written by Cedric L Joseph and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2008-11-17 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about Anglo-American involvement in the reopening of the border controversy between Guyana, formerly British Guiana, and Venezuela. The dispute over the border commenced in the mid-nineteenth century when Venezuela asserted a claim to some two-thirds of the territory of the British colony. Great Britain’s refusal to refer the delimitation of the border to arbitration developed into a major crisis in Anglo-American affairs in 1895. The United States had assessed the issue as a major challenge to the Monroe Doctrine and it would provoke the two English-speaking powers close to military conflict. In 1899, an arbitral tribunal met in Paris and agreed unanimously on the boundary line between British Guiana and Venezuela. That boundary line has been universally accepted. In 1962 at the height of the Cold War, Venezuela repudiated the award claiming that it was a “political deal”. Fidel Castro had assumed power in Cuba and there were anxieties about the spread of Communism in the Americas, particularly in British Guiana during the pre-independence premiership of Marxist oriented Cheddi Jagan. Cedric Joseph examines the primary documents relating to the diplomacy of the administrations of John F Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson and British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan. He explores their special relationships, sympathies and acute predisposition towards Venezuela that permitted the reopening of the boundary issue and ultimately sacrificed the territorial integrity of Guyana. He also establishes the collusion between Suriname’s claim to territory in Guyana and the Venezuelan claim.
Download or read book The Trail of Diplomacy Volume Three written by Odeen Ishmael and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2015-08-21 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, the third of a three-part documentary, continues the history of the Guyana-Venezuela border issue from where Volume Two left off. It deals with the involvement of the office of the secretary general of United Nations ever since the termination of the Protocol of Port of Spain in 1982 in the efforts to settle the controversy. While this process did not make any progress as was anticipated, the two countries, despite some intermittent setbacks, maintained a generally cordial relationship that saw an advance in trade relations and political cooperation. The volume also examines the political and economic relations between Guyana and Venezuela since 1982 and the diplomatic activities they undertook to win international support for their respective positions. The authors own diplomatic involvement in the issue is also highlighted.
Download or read book Unsettled Borders written by Roberto Miguel Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2023-10-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Unsettled Borders" offers a comprehensive exploration into the long-standing territorial dispute between Guyana and Venezuela, focusing on the resource-rich Esequibo region. While many territorial disputes find their roots in ancient claims or colonial legacy, the Esequibo contention has taken on fresh urgency in the face of modern geopolitics and the discovery of vast oil reserves. The narrative begins with the early history of the region, highlighting the pre-colonial indigenous societies that once called Esequibo home. As European powers began to carve out empires, the disputed territory became a pawn in a larger game, leading to a series of shifting claims and treaties. The book carefully dissects the 1899 arbitration agreement, often cited as the genesis of the modern dispute, providing readers with a clear understanding of its complexities and ambiguities. The heart of "Unsettled Borders" delves into the 20th and 21st centuries, charting the escalation in tensions between Guyana and Venezuela. Using a mix of diplomatic cables, firsthand accounts, and on-the-ground reporting, the book paints a vivid picture of the negotiations, skirmishes, and political maneuvers that have defined the modern phase of the conflict. However, the discovery of significant oil reserves in the Esequibo waters adds a new dimension to this age-old contention. With global energy players now vested in the outcome, the stakes have never been higher. The book examines the impact of these discoveries on local communities, the environment, and the already tense diplomatic relations, providing insight into the potential future of the dispute in this new oil-charged era. "Unsettled Borders" serves as a crucial guide for understanding the Guyana-Venezuela dispute, bringing to light the interplay of history, geopolitics, and natural resources in shaping the destiny of a region and its people.
Download or read book Issues in Guyana s Development written by Winston Felix and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-08-30 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it has been more than a century since Guyana and Venezuela border dispute was settled, Venezuela continues to shift its foreign policy away from compliance with its international obligations. It is approximately 128 years since diplomatic relations were severed between Venezuela and Great Britain over the border issue. At the insistence of Venezuela, the United States considered the controversy as falling within the purview of the Monroe Doctrine. Consequently, the United States pressured Great Britain into making an Agreement with Venezuela in 1897. Unlike Venezuela which is over two centuries old, it has been 49 years since Guyana gained its independence from Great Britain. Since that time, there have been several challenges to the country's Development. It will be shown that some of these challenges have had devastated consequences for Development. The operating premise is that a country's development objectives are best attained if there is a stable political climate.
Download or read book Memorandum on the Guyana Venezuela Boundary written by Guyana. Ministry of Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Boundary Disputes in Latin America written by Jorge I. Domínguez and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book President Harrison and the Venezuela British Guiana Boundary Dispute written by Marcos Falcón Briceño and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Territorial Disputes and Their Resolution written by Beth A. Simmons and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Anglosphere written by Srdjan Vucetic and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-28 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anglosphere refers to a community of English-speaking states, nations, and societies centered on Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, which has profoundly influenced the direction of world history and fascinated countless observers. This book argues that the origins of the Anglosphere are racial. Drawing on theories of collective identity-formation and framing, the book develops a new framework for analyzing foreign policy, which it then evaluates in case studies related to fin-de-siècle imperialism (1894-1903), the ill-fated Pacific Pact (1950-1), the Suez crisis (1956), the Vietnam escalation (1964-5), and the run-up to the Iraq war (2002-3). Each case study highlights the contestations over state and empire, race and nation, and liberal internationalism and anti-Americanism, taking into consideration how they shaped international conflict and cooperation. In reconstructing the history of the Anglosphere, the book engages directly with the most recent debates in international relations scholarship and American foreign policy
Download or read book The Anglo Venezuelan Boundary Dispute A Victory for Whom written by María Verónica Valarino de Abreu and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Armed Conflict Since 1945 written by Herbert K. Tillema and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Armed Conflict Since 1945 is a bibliographic handbook that briefly describes each of 269 international wars and other war-threatening conflicts occurring between 1945 and 1988. .
Download or read book Intervention Border and Maritime Issues in CARICOM written by Kenneth Hall and published by Ian Randle Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The maritime land and river boundary disputes between the adjacent South American countries of Suriname and Guyana existed long before the two nations gained independence from colonialism. Both countries claim sovereignty over three regions: the Courantyne River which separates them; the New River Triangle, which lies at the southern edge of the adjacent countries; and part of the Caribbean Sea, which extends north from their coastlines. The issue was of little importance until the discovery of important natural resources in the contested regions: gold deposits were found in the New River Triangle and offshore petroleum opportunities arose on the continental shelf. When both nations realized that timely resolution was economically crucial, they renewed efforts to achieve a comprehensive bilateral demarcation. However, a mutually agreeable settlement has proved far more elusive than anticipated.In Intervention Border and Maritime Issues in CARICOM, the contributors address this ongoing boundary dispute as well other maritime disputes between Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago and Guatemala and Belize. The background of the disputes are discussed in the context of international law as well as CARICOM s intervention and non-intervention. The major conflicts have tested the goodwill and ability of member states and CARICOM to find common ground at the leadership level. At a time when the Community is grappling with the erosion of preferential agreements as well as competition for aid from countries in the east of an expanded Europe, striking a harmonious balance with the self-interests of individual states in order to resolve conflict is of supreme importance.Recommendations for the resolution of conflict are offered, including a strengthening of Community mechanisms so as to avoid inciting external interference and intervention in any form. The assertion of individual interests however, will continue to test the flexibility and resourcefulness of CARICOM in absorbing and accommodating these interests. CARICOM must find a way between an inter-governmental approach and a supranational approach that best represents the interests of all of its members.
