Download or read book The Variance Risk Premium in Equilibrium Models written by Geert Bekaert and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The equity variance risk premium is the expected compensation earned for selling variance risk in equity markets. The variance risk premium is positive and shows moderate persistence. High variance risk premiums coincide with the left tail of the consumption growth distribution shifting down. These facts, together with a positive, yet moderate, difference between the risk-neutral entropy and variance of the aggregate market return, refute the bulk of the extant consumption-based asset pricing models. We introduce a tractable habit model that does fit the data. In the model, the variance risk premium depends positively (negatively) on "bad" ("good") consumption growth uncertainty.
Download or read book Equilibrium Variance Risk Premium in a Cost free Production Economy written by Xinfeng Ruan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper extends the production-based equilibrium model studied by Zhang, Zhao, and Chang (2012), in which the stock return has constant volatility and the investor has a constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) utility function, into more general settings where the volatility of the stock return is stochastic and with jumps, and the investor has recursive preferences. The recursive preferences help us to separately find that the higher the elasticity of intertemporal substitution (EIS) and the relative risk aversion (RRA), the higher the equity and variance risk premiums. In equilibrium, risk premiums are determined by the diffusive and jump risks from the stock return and its volatility innovation. The empirical analysis documents that the production-based equilibrium model in a cost-free economy can well explain the equity premium puzzle and the term structure of the variance risk premium (VRP). In addition, our equilibrium model also explains the return predictability of VRP.
Download or read book Characterizing the Variance Risk Premium written by Guanglian Hu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial portion of the variation in the market variance risk premium can be explained by the conditional covariance between the market return and its variance, which we refer to as the leverage effect. This finding holds at different data frequencies and for various sample periods, and it is robust to controlling for other variables used to characterize the variance risk premium. We consider dynamic equilibrium models in which the variance risk premium and the leverage effect arise endogenously, and show that the pricing of volatility risk is the economic channel behind the strong positive relation between the two variables.
Download or read book General Equilibrium Option Pricing Method Theoretical and Empirical Study written by Jian Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mainly addresses the general equilibrium asset pricing method in two aspects: option pricing and variance risk premium. First, volatility smile and smirk is the famous puzzle in option pricing. Different from no arbitrage method, this book applies the general equilibrium approach in explaining the puzzle. In the presence of jump, investors impose more weights on the jump risk than the volatility risk, and as a result, investors require more jump risk premium which generates a pronounced volatility smirk. Second, based on the general equilibrium framework, this book proposes variance risk premium and empirically tests its predictive power for international stock market returns.
Download or read book The Variance Risk Premium Around the World written by Juan M. Londono and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I extend the evidence on the basic stylized facts documented for the U.S. variance risk premium (VP) and show that, while VPs in other countries are also positive and time varying, they do not have predictive power for domestic stock returns, in contrast to the implications of existing single-country models. I also provide new empirical evidence that the U.S. VP has predictive power for international stock returns. To rationalize these results, I propose a two-country general equilibrium model and show that my model explains the predictive power of U.S. VP for international stock returns and the domestic predictability puzzle.
Download or read book Equilibrium Variance Risk Premium and Option Smirk in the AK Production Model written by Xinfeng Ruan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper extends the AK production model in Pindyck and Wang (2013) into a more general setting in which the volatility of capital stock is stochastic and driven by shocks. After solving the equilibrium, the fundamental shocks are embedded into the stock price and the leverage effect is contributed from three distinct channels. As two applications, we employ our extended AK production model to match well the negative variance risk premium and the Black-Scholes implied volatility surface.
Download or read book Downside Variance Risk Premium written by Federal Reserve Board and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our results are supported by a simple equilibrium consumption-based asset pricing model.
Download or read book Downside Variance Risk Premium written by Bruno Feunou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Real Time Learning Macroeconomic Uncertainty and the Variance Risk Premium written by Daniele Bianchi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The variance risk premium represents the compensation paid to index option sellers for the risk of losses following upward movements in realized market return volatility. Common wisdom connects these spikes with elevated uncertainty on economic fundamentals. I incorporate this link within a single-agent general equilibrium model, embedding real-time learning on state variables and parameters. I show that infrequent, large and relatively transitory macroeconomic uncertainty shocks produce a sizable and volatile variance risk premium. These shocks coincide with major events such as the LTCM/Russian crisis, the onset of the second Gulf War, and the great financial crisis of 2008-2009. I compute macroeconomic uncertainty as the dispersion of the agent's belief about the expected growth rate of consumption. Its time-varying nature reflects in the variance risk premium, generating short-term predictability for market excess returns, consistent with the data. In addition, the model matches the higher order moments of the realized equity premium, with a reasonably low level of relative risk aversion equal to five. I finally provide evidence that parameter uncertainty may represent an extra-source of risk which is priced in equilibrium. In fact, a model with parameter learning and standard CRRA preferences, matches around half of the historical variance risk premium.
Download or read book The Variance Risk Premium written by Junye Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the properties of the variance risk premium (VRP). We propose a flexible asset pricing model that captures co-jumps in prices and volatility, and self-exciting jump clustering. We estimate the model on equity returns and variance swap rates at different horizons. The total VRP is negative and has a downward-sloping term structure, while its jump component displays an upward-sloping term structure. The abrupt and persistent response of the short-term jump VRP to extreme events makes this specific premium a proxy for investors' fear of a market crash. Furthermore, the use of the VRP level and slope, and of its components, helps improve the short-run predictability of equity excess returns.
Download or read book Financial Markets and the Real Economy written by John H. Cochrane and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2005 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Markets and the Real Economy reviews the current academic literature on the macroeconomics of finance.
Download or read book Essays on Equilibrium Asset Pricing written by Aoxiang Yang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation is developed to address unresolved issues in the asset pricing literature, focusing on both risk premium levels and dynamics. Chapter 1 addresses short-horizon risk premium dynamics. In the data, stock market volatility weakly or even negatively predicts short-run equity and variance risk premia, challenging positive risk-return trade-offs at the heart of leading asset pricing models. I show that a puzzling negative volatility-risk premia relationship concentrates in scattered high-uncertainty states, which occur about 20\% of the time. While at other times, the relationship is strongly positive. I develop a micro-founded learning model in which due to learning frictions investors underreact to structural breaks in high-volatility periods and overreact to transitory variance shocks in normal times. The model can successfully explain the novel time-varying volatility-risk premia relationship at short and long horizons. The model can further account for many other data features, such as a robust positive correlation between equity and variance risk premium, the leverage effect, and negative observations of equity and variance risk premia at the onsets of recessions. Chapter 2, coauthored with Professor Bjorn Eraker, focuse on equilibrium derivatives pricing. It is motivated by the observation that leading asset pricing models typically can not explain the levels or dynamics of VIX options prices. We develop a tractable equilibrium pricing model to explain observed characteristics in equity returns, VIX futures, S\&P 500 options, and VIX options data based on affine jump-diffusive state dynamics and representative agents endowed with Duffie-Epstein recursive preferences. A specific model aimed at capturing VIX options prices and other asset market data is shown to successfully replicate the salient features of consumption, dividends, and asset market data, including the first two moments of VIX futures returns, the average implied volatilities in SPX and VIX options, and first and higher-order moments of VIX options returns. In the data, we document a time variation in the shape of VIX option implied volatility and a time-varying hedging relationship between VIX and SPX options which our model both captures. Our model also matches many other asset pricing moments such as equity premia, variance risk premia, risk-free interest rates, and short-horizon return predictability. To derive our specific model, we first develop a general framework for pricing assets under recursive Duffie-Epstein preferences with IES set to one under the assumption that state variables follow affine jump diffusions, as in \citet{DPS00}. Relative to the literature, our framework has a clear marginal contribution that it is an endowment-based equilibrium model with (i) clearly stated affine state variable dynamics and (ii) precisely characterized equilibrium value function, risk-free rate, prices of risks, and risk-neutral state dynamics. We prove our state-price density is a precise $IES\to1$ limit of that approximately solved in \citet{ErakShal08}. The recursive preference assumption implies that higher-order conditional moments of the economic fundamental, such as its growth volatility and volatility-of-volatility, are explicitly priced in equilibrium. Since VIX derivatives depend on these factors, this in turn implies that the former carry non-zero risk premia.
Download or read book The Variance Risk Premium and Capital Structure written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates how the asset-return variance risk premium changes leverage. I find that the premium lowers leverage by increasing risk-neutral bankruptcy probability and costs in a model where asset returns have stochastic variance with risk premium. Empirically, the model calibrations verify significant reduction in optimal leverage, closer to observed leverage than the model without the premium. In model-free regressions, I also document negative correlation between leverage and the variance premium. The most negative correlation is among investment-grade firms with low asset beta and historical variance but high variance premium because their assets have high exposure to market variance premium.
Download or read book Modeling Volatility Risk Premium written by Kossi Gnameho and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bias between the expected realised variance under the historical measure and the risk neutral probability introduces the concept of the risk premium. How does the market variance risk premium vary over time or look like in the future? Our work introduced a probabilistic modeling of the variance risk premium (VRP) via a parametric stochastic volatility model. Our framework deals with the class of non-affine continuous time diffusions of the spot-variance process. We give a general backward stochastic representation of the VRP via some basis of Malliavin Calculus. We provide two applications: the first discusses an affine case of stochastic volatility model and the second models the VRP in the framework of the non-affine stochastic volatility model.
Download or read book The Variance Risk Premium and Fundamental Uncertainty written by Christian Conrad and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling the Variance Risk Premium of Equity Indices written by Andrea Granelli and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding variance risk is of key importance in mathematical finance since it affects risk management, asset allocation and derivative pricing. Variance risk is priced in financial markets by the so-called variance risk premium (VRP), which refers to the premium demanded for holding assets whose variance is exposed to stochastic shocks.This paper identifies a new modelling framework for equity indices and presents for the first time explicit analytical formulas for their VRP in a multivariate stochastic volatility setting, which includes multivariate non-Gaussian Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes and Wishart processes. Moreover, we propose to incorporate contagion within the equity index via a multivariate Hawkes process and find that the resulting dynamics of the VRP represent a convincing alternative to the models studied in the literature up to date.We show that our new model can explain the key stylised facts of both equity indices and individual assets and their corresponding VRP, while popular (multivariate) stochastic volatility models fail.We finally prove the existence of a structure-preserving risk neutral measure for our model. In particular, we establish the class of equivalent probabilities that preserve the self-affecting structure of the Hawkes process.
Download or read book Volatility written by Robert A. Jarrow and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a number of authors, this text is aimed at market practitioners and applies the latest stochastic volatility research findings to the analysis of stock prices. It includes commentary and analysis based on real-life situations.
