Download or read book The Upper Ocean Response to the Monsoon in the Arabian Sea written by Albert Sok Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimation of the upper ocean heat budget from one year of observations at a moored array in the north central Arabian Sea shows a rough balance between the horizontal advection and time change in heat, associated with the propagation of mesoscale eddies. During the southwest monsoon a coastal filament exports recently upwelled water from the Omani coast to the site of the array, 600 km offshore. Altimetry shows mildly elevated levels of surface eddy kinetic energy along the Arabian coast during the SW monsoon, suggesting that such offshore transport may be an important component of the Arabian Sea heat budget. The sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth are observed to respond to high frequency (HF) variability in the surface heat flux and wind stress. The rectified effect of this HF forcing is investigated in a three-dimensional reduced gravity thermodynamic model of the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean.
Download or read book The Upper Ocean Response to the Monsoon in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), grant NOOO14-94-1-0161 and National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship and by ONR grant NOOO14-99-1-0090.
Download or read book The Response of the Upper Ocean to Monosoonal Forcing written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This grant provided support for the collection, analysis and publication of results from the Arabian Sea Accelerated Research Initiative. The Arabian Sea is a unique setting for observations of the upper ocean because of the strength and directional steadiness of the monsoonal forcing. As part of the Arabian Sea ARI, we deployed two surface moorings of a five-mooring array to study the ocean's response to the monsoon. Each of our buoys was equipped with a meteorological package for estimating air-sea fluxes of heat and momentum, and subsurface instrumentation for measuring temperature and horizontal velocity. A variety of projects, discussed below, was brought to completion. The ultimate goal of my research is a complete characterization of the upper ocean 5 response to atmospheric forcing. The forcing takes place through surface fluxes of heat, fresh water, and momentum. The response may be local and direct, or may be modified by advection and wave propagation. The Arabian Sea was an attractive region for an air-sea interaction experiment because of the strength and steadiness of the monsoons. The wind-stress spectrum was more energetic at low frequencies in the Arabian Sea than in mid-latitude locations where the forcing is dominated by storms. The Arabian Sea ARI thus provided an interesting contrast to previous experiments done at higher latitudes such as LOTUS, FASINEX, and Ocean Storms. The ONR-funded surface moored array in the Arabian Sea consisted of a heavily instrumented central mooring (R. Weller, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), two profiling current meters (C. Eriksen, University of Washington), and two lightweight surface moorings (D. Rudnick, Scripps Institution of Oceanography). The array was centered at 15 deg 30'N, 61 deg 30'E, and the moorings were separated by 50 km to resolve mesoscale oceanic features. The site was chosen to be near the climatological maximum wind in July.
Download or read book The 1994 1996 Arabian Sea Expedition written by Sharon L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change written by Yassine Charabi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-19 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical cyclones are topic that is not appropriately known to the public at large, but climate change has been on the public’s mind since the last decade and a concern that has peaked in the new millennium. Like the television programs of Jean Yves Cousteau the ‘plight of the oceans’, have recent documentaries nurtured a conscio- ness that major climatological changes are in the offing, even have started to develop. The retreat of glaciers on mountain tops and in Polar Regions is ‘being seen’ on ‘the small screen’ and has favored an environmental awareness in all populations that are enjoying an average well-being on Planet Earth. The vivid images on screen of storms, floods, and tsunamis share the fear provoking landscapes of deforestation, desertification and the like. Watching such as this one is seen are voices warning of what over is ‘in store’ if the causative problems are not remedied. Talking and d- cussing are useful, but action must follow. Understanding the full ramifications of climate change on tropical cyclones is a task that will takes several decades. In Climate Change 2007, the Fourth Assessment Report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) a high probability of major changes in tropical cyclone activity across the various ocean basins is highlighted.
Download or read book Mixed Layer Response to Monsoonal Surface Forcing in the Arabian Sea written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A surface mooring was deployed in the Arabian Sea for one year. Subsequent analyses provided quantitative descriptions of the upper ocean response to the surface forcing, including heat budgets and identification of the relative roles of various physical processes. One- and three-dimensional models were used to further examine the dynamics of the response at the site of the moored array and to extend the study to the entire Arabian Sea. The fieldwork produced the first long time series of high quality surface meteorology and air-sea fluxes from the Arabian Sea. Observations of the strong cooling heat flux associated with offshore transport gave new insight into the dynamic mechanisms connecting coastal upwelling and upper ocean cooling. New understanding of the physics of the upper ocean in the Arabian Sea was developed, including the impact of the' diurnal cycle and of high-frequency wind forcing on the vertical mixing and on larger-scale circulation changes. Comparison of mixed layer model performance suggests some simple improvements in the parameterizations could be made in lieu of resolution of the diurnal cycle.
Download or read book Numerical Ocean Circulation Modeling written by Aike Beckmann and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999-04-29 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the models and methods employed in the rapidly advancing field of numerical ocean circulation modeling. For those new to the field, concise reviews of the equations of oceanic motion, sub-grid-scale parameterization, and numerical approximation techniques are presented and four specific numerical models, chosen to span the range of current practice, are described in detail. For more advanced users, a suite of model test problems is developed to illustrate the differences among models, and to serve as a first stage in the quantitative evaluation of future algorithms. The extensive list of references makes this book a valuable text for both graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in the marine sciences and in related fields such as meteorology, and climate and coupled biogeochemical modeling.
Download or read book Bio optical Response to Upper Ocean Monsoonal Forcing in the Arabian Sea written by Christopher Kinkade and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of the Indian Ocean written by B. Zeitzschel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of a Symposium held at the University of Kiel, Germany, from 31 March to 6 April, 1971. The Symposium was organized by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) and the Marine Productivity section of the International Biological Programme (IBPIPM) with the assistance of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the International Association of Biological Oceanography (IABO). The aim of the Symposium was to summarize present knowledge of the biology of the Indian Ocean. Twenty-two presentations by invited speakers reviewed the research work carried out during the International Indian Ocean Expedition (lIOE) 1959 -1965, the first cooperative project coordinated by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). In addition, reports were presented of postexpedition examination of material and of more recent investigations relevant to the aims of the lIOE. In keeping with the aims of "Ecological Studies", the present volume contains much new information and some synthesis, all directed towards obtaining an understanding of the functioning and organization of the ecosystem of the Indian Ocean. The plan of the Symposium was to present the relevant meteorological, physical, chemical and geological background and to follow this with the various aspects of biological oceanography. Because of the uneven stage of development of the different disciplines, the papers included in this volume vary in their analytical level.
Download or read book Report of a Workshop on the Interannual Variability of the Tropical Oceans and the Tropical Oceans and the Global Atmosphere TOGA written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Moored Observations for the Forced Upper Ocean Dynamics Experiment in the Arabian Sea written by John Marra and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year-long mooring records in the Arabian Sea (15 deg 30'N/61 deg 30E) show clearly the semi-annual biological response to the northeast and southwest monsoons. Each monsoon causes the mixed layer to deepen, but for the northeast monsoon, convective processes dominate, while during the southwest monsoon, the mixed layer deepens via wind-induced mixing. During both mixing periods, chlorophyll declines, and then increases as the water column stratifies. The annual cycle of chlorophyll variability at the mooring site (the climatological center of the Findlater Jet) generally follows the mixed layer depth. Strong diel variability in phytoplankton and particle variables were observed, and coherence analysis indicated that these were modulated more by water column processes (e.g., changes in the mixed layer depth) than by solar variability. We have demonstrated the utility of moored sensor systems in an unforgiving environment. The high-resolution data are extremely useful to those trying to understand the drivers for seasonal variability in productivity. The seasonal variability in productivity is crucial to interpret the export of carbon from the surface ocean to depth. The results will fuel consideration of the importance of diel processes in determining the activities of plankton.
Download or read book Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability written by Jerry D. Wiggert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 1037 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 185. Indian Ocean Biogeochemical Processes and Ecological Variability provides a synthesis of current knowledge on Indian Ocean biogeochemistry and ecology and an introduction to new concepts and topical paradigm challenges. It also reports on the development of more extensive/frequent observational capacity being deployed in the Indian Ocean. This represents the first collection of syntheses that emphasize a basin-wide perspective, and the contributing authors include some of the most esteemed oceanographers and Indian Ocean experts in the world. The volume is derived from invited plenary talks that were presented at the initial Sustained Indian Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (SIBER) workshop held at the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) in Goa, India, in October 2006. The volume discusses The overlying physical processes set by monsoonal forcing and how these control biological production and variability Nutrient cycling and limitation Pelagic carbon cycling and air-sea exchange Benthic biogeochemistry and ecology The impact of climate and human activities on biogeochemistry and ecosystems. The readership for this book will consist of academic and governmental researchers interested in exploring how oceanographic, atmospheric, and hydrological processes combine to establish the environmental setting that supports and drives the pelagic system and which are especially relevant to understanding the complex biogeochemical and ecological interactions in the Indian Ocean.
Download or read book The Tectonic and Climatic Evolution of the Arabian Sea Region written by Peter D. Clift and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2002 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arabian Sea region has several features that make it the best area for studies of climate and palaeoceanographic responses to tectonic activity, most notably in the context of the South Asian monsoon and its relationship to the growth of high topography in the adjacent Himalayas and Tibet. The papers range from high resolution, holocene palaeoceanographic studies of the Pakistan margin to regional tectonic reconstructions of the ocean basin and surrounding margins throughout the Cenozoic.
Download or read book Assessment of Climate Change over the Indian Region written by R. Krishnan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses the impact of human-induced global climate change on the regional climate and monsoons of the Indian subcontinent, adjoining Indian Ocean and the Himalayas. It documents the regional climate change projections based on the climate models used in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) and climate change modeling studies using the IITM Earth System Model (ESM) and CORDEX South Asia datasets. The IPCC assessment reports, published every 6–7 years, constitute important reference materials for major policy decisions on climate change, adaptation, and mitigation. While the IPCC assessment reports largely provide a global perspective on climate change, the focus on regional climate change aspects is considerably limited. The effects of climate change over the Indian subcontinent involve complex physical processes on different space and time scales, especially given that the mean climate of this region is generally shaped by the Indian monsoon and the unique high-elevation geographical features such as the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Tibetan Plateau and the adjoining Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal. This book also presents policy relevant information based on robust scientific analysis and assessments of the observed and projected future climate change over the Indian region.
Download or read book Arabian Sea Mixed Layer Response to 1994 95 Operational Wind Products written by Peter A. et al ... Rochford and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of the upper ocean in the strong seasonally forced Arabian sea, as observed by a mooring deployed from 1994 to 1995, is investigated using the Naval Research Laboratory Layered Ocean Model (NLOM). Model simulations were sensitive to the choice of surface wind products used for forcing, and results are reported for simulations forced by monthly mean climatologies and 12-hourly 1994-95 wind products from two operational atmospheric forecast models, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) model and the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) model of the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC). The NLOM yields the best prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth (MLD) when using FNMOC forcing. Surface cooling is found to be responsible for the seasonal SST minimum during the northeast (NE) monsoon. Heat advection is found to be important for supporting the surface cooling during the second half of the NE monsoon. Strong entrainment and appreciable advective cooling are responsible for the SST minimum of the southwest (5W) monsoon. The NLOM wind experiments strongly suggest that thermal convection may be important in the central Arabian Sea during the winter months.
Download or read book The Arabian Seas Biodiversity Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures written by Laith A. Jawad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 1377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arabian Seas Marine Region encompasses marine areas from Djibouti to Pakistan, including the northern part of Somalia, the Red Sea, the Arabian/Persian Gulf, and parts of the Arabian Sea. Human pressures on the coastal and marine environments are evident throughout the region, and have resulted in harmful environmental effects. Oil and domestic, urban and industrial pollutants in several areas of this part of the world have caused local habitat degradation, eutrophication and algal blooms. Further, coastal landfill, dredging, and sedimentation, as well as nutrient and sediment runoff from phosphate mining, agriculture and grazing, and reduction in freshwater seepage due to groundwater extraction are all contributing to the degradation of coastal environments. This book discusses aspects not covered in other books on the region, which largely focus on marine biodiversity, and examines several environmental challenges that are often ignored, but which have a significant impact on the environment. Evaluating the status quo, it also recommends conservation measures and examines the abiotic factors that play a major main role in the environmental changes. Lastly, the book addresses the biodiversity of the area, providing a general context for the conservation and management measures discussed.
Download or read book Arabian Sea Mixed Layer Response to 1994 95 Operational Wind Products written by Peter A. et al ... Rochford and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
