Download or read book The Undermined Fallacies written by Karoleena K. Pillai and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you feel you’re drowning in a pool of expectations? Are you pushed into running an endless rat race? Is the knowledge possessed by fellow sprinters used as a yardstick to measure your wisdom? Leena answers all these questions in the affirmative. Having escaped from repeating grade 9 by the skin of her teeth, she finds nothing different about the lauded ‘life-changing’ grade 10. She detests her monotonous school life and finds herself stuck in a ‘one-size-fits-all’ prison camouflaged as an educational system. When grown-ups isolate her from all her worldly pleasures believing it will make her pull through the boards, she escapes the arranged bond with her books by befriending victims of the societal prison. Their stories reassure that hers is not the only ignored voice. An unexpected twist adds a new purpose to her survival, inducing her to choose a path that she despised all her life, only to attain her pursuit. Leena meets a plot that is about to rewrite her life as an underachiever in The Undermined Fallacies.
Download or read book Informal Logical Fallacies written by Jacob E. Van Vleet and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical thinking is now needed more than ever. This accessible and engaging book provides the necessary tools to question and challenge the discourse that surrounds us —- whether in the media, the classroom, or everyday conversation. Additionally, it offers readers a deeper understanding of the foundations of analytical thought. Informal Logical Fallacies: A Brief Guide is a systematic and concise introduction to more than forty fallacies, from anthropomorphism and argumentum ad baculum, to reductionism and the slippery slope argument. With helpful definitions, relevant examples, and thought-provoking exercises, the author guides the reader through the realms of fallacious reasoning and deceptive rhetoric. This is an essential guide to philosophical reflection and clear thinking.
Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by Derek Lee and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-08 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are Logical Fallacies? Logical Fallacies are common errors in reasoning. It undermines the logic of the argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant point. Logical Fallacies are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. Logical Fallacies can also be liken to having cheat codes for a video game. The cheat codes can help you to quickly beat the game. It is like having a short cut. It may be more time consuming and much more difficult to play a game without cheat codes. Similarly, as long as people don't know that you are cheating, you can be very persuasive in speech with logical fallacies. Although Logical Fallacies have faulty reasoning, it doesn't mean that it is not effective. It can actually be very effective and persuasive, especially to the untrained ear who is not familiar with Logical Fallacies. Watch out for these common fallacies in your own arguments and in the arguments of others. In this book, logical fallacies and some of its examples include: Slippery Slope Hasty Generalization Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc Genetic Fallacy Begging the Claim Circular Argument Either/Or Ad Hominem Ad Populum Red Herring Straw Man Moral Equivalence
Download or read book Logically Fallacious written by Bo Bennett and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2012-02-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to improve his or her reasoning skills. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime." - Bo Bennett This 2021 Edition includes dozens of more logical fallacies with many updated examples.
Download or read book Humbug written by Jef Clark and published by Theo Clark. This book was released on 2005 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bad Arguments written by Robert Arp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely and accessible guide to 100 of the most infamous logical fallacies in Western philosophy, helping readers avoid and detect false assumptions and faulty reasoning You’ll love this book or you’ll hate it. So, you’re either with us or against us. And if you’re against us then you hate books. No true intellectual would hate this book. Ever decide to avoid a restaurant because of one bad meal? Choose a product because a celebrity endorsed it? Or ignore what a politician says because she’s not a member of your party? For as long as people have been discussing, conversing, persuading, advocating, proselytizing, pontificating, or otherwise stating their case, their arguments have been vulnerable to false assumptions and faulty reasoning. Drawing upon a long history of logical falsehoods and philosophical flubs, Bad Arguments demonstrates how misguided arguments come to be, and what we can do to detect them in the rhetoric of others and avoid using them ourselves. Fallacies—or conclusions that don’t follow from their premise—are at the root of most bad arguments, but it can be easy to stumble into a fallacy without realizing it. In this clear and concise guide to good arguments gone bad, Robert Arp, Steven Barbone, and Michael Bruce take readers through 100 of the most infamous fallacies in Western philosophy, identifying the most common missteps, pitfalls, and dead-ends of arguments gone awry. Whether an instance of sunk costs, is ought, affirming the consequent, moving the goal post, begging the question, or the ever-popular slippery slope, each fallacy engages with examples drawn from contemporary politics, economics, media, and popular culture. Further diagrams and tables supplement entries and contextualize common errors in logical reasoning. At a time in our world when it is crucial to be able to identify and challenge rhetorical half-truths, this bookhelps readers to better understand flawed argumentation and develop logical literacy. Unrivaled in its breadth of coverage and a worthy companion to its sister volume Just the Arguments (2011), Bad Arguments is an essential tool for undergraduate students and general readers looking to hone their critical thinking and rhetorical skills.
Download or read book The Book of Common Fallacies written by Philip Ward and published by Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everything you thought you knew was...
Download or read book How the Mind Falls Into Error written by Henry Bradford Smith and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fallacies written by Hans V. Hansen and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1970, when Charles Hamblin issued a challenge for philosophers, logicians, and educators in general to begin work anew in fallacies, a serious literature on fallacies has indeed developed. Part of this literature deals with the theory of what fallacies are; another part of it contains rigorous analyses of particular fallacies. However, most is still not readily accessible to the researcher, teacher, or student of the field. As a result, the best work on fallacies is not finding its way into the classroom, nor is it informing the educational and intellectual experiences available to most college and university students. A major purpose of this book is to make the post-Hamblin work on fallacies available to a wider audience in a single, convenient volume. The editors have brought together for the first time the most important historical writings on fallacy theory, from Aristotle to John Stuart Mill, and the most recent and most important theoretical and pedagogical developments in the field since Hamblin's landmark 1970 book. All but a few of the essays included are new contributions for this anthology, and an extensive annotated bibliography is included for researchers and students of fallacies and fallacy theory.
Download or read book The Tuttle Twins Guide to Logical Fallacies written by Connor Boyack and published by . This book was released on 2020-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a society where countless ideas are being shared, debated, and analyzed, it's more important than ever to sift out the good ones from among the bad ones. And when people you respect and trust use arguments that sound persuasive, how can you determine if they are correct? One of the most commonly used methods of spreading misinformation is the use of a logical fallacy--a bad argument that makes something seem truthful that actually might not be. These types of arguments are used repeatedly, and there are many different types. Fortunately, these logical fallacies can be learned, so they can be avoided. Armed with this information, you'll be equipped to understand when people are sharing an idea that is wrong or making a claim that isn't true. You'll become an expert debater by being able to point out a flaw in an opponent's argument. That makes this book dangerous--a guidebook for teenagers and young adults who want to explore the ins and outs of how to win arguments and point out problems in others' ideas. Use this book wisely! Fallacies included: The Strawman False Cause Appeal to Emotion Slippery Slope Ad Hominem Personal Incredulity Special Pleading Loaded Question Burden of Proof Ambiguity The Gambler The Bandwagon Appeal to Authority Composition & Division No True Scotsman Origins Black or White Begging the Question Appeal to Nature Anecdotal The Sharpshooter Middle Ground Tu Quoque The Fallacy Fallacy
Download or read book Exegetical Fallacies written by D. A. Carson and published by Baker Books. This book was released on 1996-03-01 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers updated explanations of the sins of interpretation to teach sound grammatical, lexical, cultural, theological, and historical Bible study practices. "A must for teachers, pastors, and serious Bible students."--Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society
Download or read book The Book of Fallacies written by Jeremy Bentham and published by . This book was released on 1824 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by B. J. Copeland and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical fallaciesWhat is a Logical Fallacy, Exactly?-------------------All logical fallacies(34)-Examples-Simple Explanation------------------------The word "fallacy" comes from the Latin "fallacia" which means "deception, deceit, trick, artifice," however, a more specific meaning in logic (a logical fallacy) that dates back to the 1550s means "false syllogism, invalid argumentation."An Error in ReasoningOne of the earliest academic discussions of logical fallacies comes from the book Elementary Lessons in Logic: Deductive and Inductive, published by MacMillian and Co. in 1872 where the modern definition of logical fallacies is used: "the modes in which, by neglecting the rules of logic, we often fall into erroneous reasoning." Today, this basic definition is still used, and often abbreviated to just "an error in reasoning." It is not a factual error.The Difference Between Logical Fallacies and Cognitive BiasesIn the early 1970s, two behavioral researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky pioneered the field of behavioral economics through their work with cognitive biases and heuristics, which like logical fallacies, deal with errors in reasoning. The main difference, however, is that logical fallacies require an argument whereas cognitive biases and heuristics (mental shortcuts) refer to our default pattern of thinking. Sometimes there is crossover. Logical fallacies can be the result of a cognitive bias, but having biases (which we all do) does not mean that we have to commit logical fallacies. Consider the bandwagon effect, a cognitive bias that demonstrates the tendency to believe things because many other people believe them. This cognitive bias can be found in the logical fallacy, appeal to popularity.Everybody is doing X.Therefore, X must be the right thing to do.The cognitive bias is the main reason we commit this fallacy. However, if we just started working at a soup kitchen because all of our friends were working there, this wouldn't be a logical fallacy, although the bandwagon effect would be behind our behavior. The appeal to popularity is a fallacy because it applies to an argument.I would say that more often than not, cognitive biases do not lead to logical fallacies. This is because cognitive biases are largely unconscious processes that bypass reason, and the mere exercise of consciously evaluating an argument often causes us to counteract the bias.Factual Errors are Not Logical FallaciesTo illustrate this point, let's consider the availability heuristic, a cognitive bias that describes the tendency for one to overestimate the likelihood of more salient events, usually the result of how recent the memories are or how unusual or emotionally charged they may be. This bias can be demonstrated in believing that you are more likely to die in a plane crash than an automobile accident because of all the plane crashes you see in the news. As a result of this bias, one might argue: Plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents. Therefore, it is safer to drive in a car than fly in a plane.This is not fallacious; it's factually incorrect. If it were true that plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents, the conclusion would be reasonable. The argument itself does not contain flawed reasoning; it contains incorrect information. While we can say the reasoning behind the argument was fallacious, there is no logical fallacy present in the argument. Similarly, if I told you that the sun was about 30 miles from the earth and the size of a football stadium, I would not be committing a fallacy-but I would be a moron. Factual errors are not fallacies........
Download or read book Informal Fallacies written by Douglas N. Walton and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic question of this monograph is: how should we go about judging arguments to be reasonable or unreasonable? Our concern will be with argument in a broad sense, with realistic arguments in natural language. The basic object will be to engage in a normative study of determining what factors, standards, or procedures should be adopted or appealed to in evaluating an argument as “good,” “not-so-good,” “open to criticism,” “fallacious,” and so forth. Hence our primary concern will be with the problems of how to criticize an argument, and when a criticism is reasonably justified.
Download or read book Fallacies and Pitfalls of Language written by S. Morris Engel and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1994-11-14 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A witty exploration of government newspeak, exaggerated advertising claims, misleading propaganda and other misnomers and how to combat them.
Download or read book Economic Facts and Fallacies written by Thomas Sowell and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2011-03-22 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Sowell “both surprises and overturns received wisdom” in this indispensable examination of widespread economic fallacies (The Economist) Economic Facts and Fallacies exposes some of the most popular fallacies about economic issues-and does so in a lively manner and without requiring any prior knowledge of economics by the reader. These include many beliefs widely disseminated in the media and by politicians, such as mistaken ideas about urban problems, income differences, male-female economic differences, as well as economics fallacies about academia, about race, and about Third World countries. One of the themes of Economic Facts and Fallacies is that fallacies are not simply crazy ideas but in fact have a certain plausibility that gives them their staying power-and makes careful examination of their flaws both necessary and important, as well as sometimes humorous. Written in the easy-to-follow style of the author's Basic Economics, this latest book is able to go into greater depth, with real world examples, on specific issues.
