Download or read book The U S Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels Narcoterrorism Merida Initiative Violence and Murders Methamphetamine written by U. S. Congress and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reproduces an important hearing on the Mexican war against drug cartels. We face an enormous challenge as Mexican cartels control some 95 percent of the cocaine that reaches our streets. These cartels have expanded their tentacles into extortion, kidnapping, car theft, human trafficking, counterfeiting, and any other illicit enterprise that they can think of. The growth in Mexican organized crime and its control of the drug trade from cultivation in the Andes, transshipment through Central America, and its street-level distribution in our country presents tremendous challenges. In the face of brutal violence that has seen over 36,000 murders over the last 4 years, the Mexican government and people have been unflagging in their commitment to root out drug trafficking. In doing so they have worked with us in ways that would have been unimaginable a decade ago.
Download or read book The U S Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cartels at War written by Paul Rexton Kan and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2012 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its sixth year, the conflict in Mexico is a mosaic of several wars occurring at once: cartels battle one another, cartels suffer violence within their own organizations, cartels fight against the Mexican state, cartels and gangs wage war against the Mexican people, and gangs combat gangs. The war has killed more than 60,000 people since President Felipe Calderón began cracking down on the cartels in December 2006. The targets of the violence have been wide ranging--from police officers to journalists, from clinics to discos. Governments on either side of the U.S.- Mexican border have been unable to control the violence. The war has spilled over into American cities and affects domestic policy issues ranging from immigration to gun control, making the border the nexus of national security and public safety concerns. Drawing on fieldwork along the border and interviews with officials at the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Department of Defense, U.S. Border Patrol, and Mexican military officers, Paul Rexton Kan argues that policy responses must be carefully calibrated to prevent stoking more cartel violence, to cut the incentives to smuggle drugs into the United States, and to stop the erosion of Mexican governmental capacity.
Download or read book The U S Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The U s Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels written by United States Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Homeland Security role in the Mexican war against drug cartels : hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, March 31, 2011.
Download or read book The U S Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels written by House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT, INVESTIGATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Download or read book The U S Homeland Security Role in the Mexican War Against Drug Cartels written by Committee on Homeland Security House of Representatives and published by . This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: March 2011, a law enforcement bulletin warned that cartels were overheard plotting to kill ICE agents and Texas Rangers guarding the border using AK-47s by shooting at them from across the border. These are acts of terrorism as defined by Federal law. The shooting of Special Agents Zapata and Avila is a game-changer which alters the landscape of the United States' involvement in Mexico's war against the drug cartels. For the first time in 25 years the cartels are now targeting American law enforcement.
Download or read book On the Border and in the Line of Fire written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U s mexican Security Cooperation written by Clare Seelke and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years after the Mexican government launched an aggressive, military-led campaign against drug trafficking and organized crime, violent crime continues to threaten citizen security and governance in parts of Mexico, including in cities along the U.S. Southwest border. Organized crime-related violence in Mexico declined from 2011 to 2014 but rose in 2015 and again in 2016. Analysts estimate that the violence may have claimed more than 100,000 lives since December 2006. Social protests in Mexico against education reform and gas price increases have also resulted in deadly violence. High-profile cases, including the enforced disappearance and murder of 43 students in Mexico, have drawn attention to the problem of human rights abuses involving security forces. Cases of corruption by former governors, some of whom have fled Mexico, also have increased concerns about impunity. Supporting Mexico's efforts to reform its criminal justice system is widely regarded as crucial for combating criminality and better protecting citizen security in the country. U.S. support for those efforts has increased significantly as a result of the development and implementation of the M�rida Initiative, a bilateral partnership launched in 2007 for which Congress appropriated more than $2.6 billion from FY2008 to FY2016. U.S. assistance to Mexico focuses on: (1) disrupting organized criminal groups, (2) institutionalizing the rule of law, (3) creating a 21st-century border, and (4) building strong and resilient communities. Newer areas of focus have involved bolstering security along Mexico's southern border and addressing the production and trafficking of heroin. As of November 2016, $1.6 billion of M�rida assistance had been delivered to Mexico. Inaugurated to a six-year term in December 2012, Mexican President Enrique Pe�a Nieto has continued U.S.-Mexican security cooperation. U.S. intelligence has helped Mexico arrest top crime leaders, including Joaquin "Chapo" Guzman in February 2014. Guzm�n's July 2015 prison escape was a major setback for bilateral efforts, but he was recaptured in 2016 and is scheduled to be extradited. The Pe�a Nieto government met a 2008 constitutional mandate to transition to an accusatorial justice system by June 2016 but has struggled to comply with international recommendations on preventing torture, enforced disappearances, and other human rights abuses. Mexico's adoption of a national anticorruption system and its transition from a presidentially appointed attorney general's office to a more independent prosecutor general's office selected by the Mexican Senate have become the focus of efforts to combat corruption. The U.S. Congress has continued to fund and oversee security assistance to Mexico. Congress provided $139 million in FY2016 for the M�rida Initiative in P.L. 114-113, some $20 million above the budget request. President Obama's FY2017 budget request included $129 million for the M�rida Initiative. The House Appropriations Committee version of the FY2017 foreign operations measure, H.R. 5912, would have provided $149 million for the M�rida Initiative. The Senate Appropriations Committee version, S. 3117, would have fully funded the Administration's request for Mexico. The 114th Congress did not complete action on FY2017 appropriations, but in December 2016 it approved a continuing resolution (P.L. 114-254) providing foreign aid funding to Mexico through April 28, 2017, at the FY2016 level, minus an across-the-board reduction of almost 0.2%. As a result, the 115th Congress is to consider both FY2017 and FY2018 appropriations for Mexico and the M�rida Initiative.
Download or read book U S Mexican Security Cooperation written by Clare Ribando Seelke and published by . This book was released on 2012-06-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, U.S.-Mexican security cooperation has increased significantly, largely as a result of the development and implementation of the MI, a counterdrug and anticrime assistance package for Mexico and Central America. With funding for the original MI technically ending in FY 2010 and new initiatives underway for Central America and the Caribbean, the Obama Admin. worked with the Mexican gov't. to develop a new four-pillar strategy for U.S.-Mexican security cooperation. Contents of this report: Intro.; Concerns About Drug Trafficking-Related Violence; Development and Implementation of the MI; Beyond MI: The New Bilateral Security Strategy; The Way Forward. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Download or read book M rida Initiative written by Nancy M. Bozzer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to September 11, 2001, internal strife and drug trafficking increased immensely in Colombia. After September 11, 2001, the same trend began in Mexico--evident mostly in drug cartel violence. The problem has escalated rapidly since 2006 after Mexico's most recent presidential election. Both these countries--especially Mexico, which shares a 3,000 mile border with the United States--present a security threat to the United States. Since 9/11, the United States has been tightening up the borders. The newly created Department of Homeland Security has given border security a higher priority by providing equipment, intelligence, and personnel as part of a new initiative in the security plan. This SRP discusses US security plans for both countries. It explains how they were devised and points out their differences. It considers whether Plan Colombia should be the model for Mexico as the Mérida Initiative is still in its infancy. It concludes with recommendations for strengthening the Mérida Initiative.
Download or read book The United States and Mexico The Neglected Relationship written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexico is in a violent struggle for existence. Powerful Mexican drug cartels use narco-terrorism to undermine Mexican efforts to reform governance and reestablish internal security. The violence routinely affects U.S. border cities and threatens to expand to broader U.S. areas. The U.S. and Mexico relationship has significantly improved over the past few years; however, the U.S. still neglects Mexico choosing to put a higher priority on addressing other issues outside of North America. Mexico is a first line of defense for the U.S. against crime, drugs, terrorism, arms trafficking, and human trafficking. In the midst of a massive Mexican offensive against the drug cartels, Mexico faces the very real possibility of failing as a state. Mexico is at the edge of a transformational period, politically. The U.S. has a vested interest in supporting Mexican efforts to improve security and economic prosperity. The U.S. must continue broad interagency support of Mexico by continuing to expand on current programs such as the $1.4 billion Merida Initiative. U.S. failure to recognize the severity of the Mexican situation and take aggressive steps to assist the Mexican government, could contribute to a failed Mexican state and ultimately impact U.S. National Security.
Download or read book U S Mexican Security Cooperation written by Clare Ribando Seelke and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Three U S Mexico Border Wars written by Tony Payan and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2006 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the United States' response to the attacks of September 11, 2001, begins to take its final shape, perhaps the most affected area of the country is the U.S. borderlands with Mexico. The optimistic talk of the 1990s regarding trade, investment, and economic integration in North America has given way to a rhetoric focused on security, particularly securing and controlling all points of entry to and exit from the United States. Cities and towns across the Southwestern border have experienced firsthand the consequences of the new, security-oriented national ethos and practices embodied in the Homeland Security Act of 2002. The comprehensive security strategy now in place permeates the three border wars examined in this insightful work--the war on drugs, the war over the enforcement of immigration laws, and the war on terror. As Payan demonstrates, the effects of these three wars have been significant. They include a loss of local autonomy and a disconnect between the priorities of Washington, D.C., and the local populations. Perhaps more important, they have created a rigid international line that represents a barrier to economic, social, and cultural integration--and a source of fear and suspicion between neighbors. Payan traces the history of these policies on the border to discern and understand the evolutionary patterns and common threads that join all three policies together today. He argues that historically the border has experienced a gradual tightening and increasing militarization, culminating in today's restrictive environment. This book illuminates the ways in which border residents are coping with the stricter border security environment, and how they navigate their daily lives in the face of an increasing number of federal bureaucrats and programs designed to close the border. It examines the significant conflict between the government's efforts to close the border and the border communities' efforts to open it.
Download or read book The Fire Next Door written by Ted Galen Carpenter and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 2012-10-09 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Mexican government initiated a military offensive against its country’s powerful drug cartels in December 2006, some 50,000 people have perished and the drugs continue to flow. In The Fire Next Door, Ted Galen Carpenter boldly conveys the growing horror overtaking Mexico and makes the case that the only effective strategy for the United States is to abandon its failed drug prohibition policy, thus depriving drug cartels of financial resources.
Download or read book Mexico s war on Drugs written by María Celia Toro and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text explains the punitive trend in Mexican anti-drug policies as a political imperative, an out-growth of the perceived need both to counter the growth of the illegal drug market and to prevent US police and judicial authorities from acting as a surrogate justice system in Mexico.
Download or read book Mexico written by June S Beittel and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-04 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) pose the greatest crime threat to the United States and have "the greatest drug trafficking influence," according to the annual U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA's) National Drug Threat Assessment. These organizations work across the Western Hemisphere and globally. They are involved in extensive money laundering, bribery, gun trafficking, and corruption, and they cause Mexico's homicide rates to spike. They produce and traffic illicit drugs into the United States, including heroin, methamphetamine, marijuana, and powerful synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and they traffic South American cocaine. Over the past decade, Congress has held numerous hearings addressing violence in Mexico, U.S. counternarcotics assistance, and border security issues. Mexican DTO activities significantly affect the security of both the United States and Mexico. As Mexico's DTOs expanded their control of the opioids market, U.S. overdoses rose sharply to a record level in 2017, with more than half of the 72,000 overdose deaths (47,000) involving opioids. Although preliminary 2018 data indicate a slight decline in overdose deaths, many analysts believe trafficking continues to evolve toward opioids. The major Mexican DTOs, also referred to as transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), have continued to diversify into such crimes as human smuggling and oil theft while increasing their lucrative business in opioid supply. According to the Mexican government's latest estimates, illegally siphoned oil from Mexico's state-owned oil company costs the government about $3 billion annually. Mexico's DTOs have been in constant flux. In 2006, four DTOs were dominant: the Tijuana/Arellano Felix organization (AFO), the Sinaloa Cartel, the Juárez/Vicente Carillo Fuentes Organization (CFO), and the Gulf Cartel. Government operations to eliminate DTO leadership sparked organizational changes, which increased instability among the groups and violence. Over the next dozen years, Mexico's large and comparatively more stable DTOs fragmented, creating at first seven major groups, and then nine, which are briefly described in this report. The DEA has identified those nine organizations as Sinaloa, Los Zetas, Tijuana/AFO, Juárez/CFO, Beltrán Leyva, Gulf, La Familia Michoacana, the Knights Templar, and Cartel Jalisco-New Generation (CJNG). In mid-2019, leader of the long-dominant Sinaloa Cartel, Joaquin ("El Chapo") Guzmán, was sentenced to life in a maximum-security U.S. prison, spurring further fracturing of a once hegemonic DTO. By some accounts, a direct effect of this fragmentation has been escalated levels of violence. Mexico's intentional homicide rate reached new records in 2017 and 2018. In 2019, Mexico's national public security system reported more than 17,000 homicides between January and June, setting a new record. In the last months of 2019, several fragments of formerly cohesive cartels conducted flagrant acts of violence. For some Members of Congress, this situation has increased concern about a policy of returning Central American migrants to cities across the border in Mexico to await their U.S. asylum hearings in areas with some of Mexico's highest homicide rates. Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador, elected in a landslide in July 2018, campaigned on fighting corruption and finding new ways to combat crime, including the drug trade. According to some analysts, challenges for López Obrador since his inauguration include a persistently ad hoc approach to security; the absence of strategic and tactical intelligence concerning an increasingly fragmented, multipolar, and opaque criminal market; and endemic corruption of Mexico's judicial and law enforcement systems. In December 2019, Genero Garcia Luna, a former top security minister under the Felipe Calderón Administration (2006-2012), was arrested in the United States on charges he had taken enormous bribes from the Sinaloa Cartel.