Download or read book The Triumph of Numbers written by I. Bernard Cohen and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2005 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Triumph of Numbers explores how numbers have come to assume a leading role in just about everywhere in science, in the operations and s tructure of government, in the analysis of society, in marketing, in sports, and more.
Download or read book The Triumph of Numbers How Counting Shaped Modern Life written by I. Bernard Cohen and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2006-07-17 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the pyramids to mortality tables, Galileo to Florence Nightingale, a vibrant history of numbers and the birth of statistics. The great historian of science I. B. Cohen explores how numbers have come to assume a leading role in science, in the operations and structure of government, in marketing, and in many other aspects of daily life. Consulting and collecting numbers has been a feature of human affairs since antiquity—taxes, head counts for military service—but not until the Scientific Revolution in the twelfth century did social numbers such as births, deaths, and marriages begin to be analyzed. Cohen shines a new light on familiar figures such as Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and Charles Dickens; and he reveals Florence Nightingale to be a passionate statistician. Cohen has left us with an engaging and accessible history of numbers, an appreciation of the essential nature of statistics.
Download or read book Number Savvy written by George Sciadas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-16 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for the love of numbers. It tells their story, shows how they were invented and used to quantify our world, and explains what quantitative data mean for our lives. It aspires to contribute to overall numeracy through a tour de force presentation of the production, use, and evolution of data. Understanding our physical world, our economies, and our societies through quantification has been a persistent feature of human evolution. This book starts with a narrative on why and how our ancestors were driven to the invention of number, which is then traced to the eventual arrival at our number system. This is followed by a discussion of how numbers were used for counting, how they enabled the measurement of physical quantities, and how they led to the estimation of man-made and abstract notions in the socio-economic domain. As data don’t fall like manna from the sky, a unique feature of this book is that it explains from a teacher’s perspective how they’re really conceived in our minds, how they’re actually produced from individual observations, and how this defines their meaning and interpretation. It discusses the significance of standards, the use of taxonomies, and clarifies a series of misconceptions regarding the making of data. The book then describes the switch to a new research paradigm and its implications, highlights the arrival of microdata, illustrates analytical uses of data, and closes with a look at the future of data and our own role in it.
Download or read book The Bone Setters written by MATHEMATICS / Algebra / General and published by Troubador Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2019 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In pre-Revolutionary France, geometry merged with algebra to form the basis of the Calculus. But the journey algebra had taken to this pivotal moment could not have been more different to that of geometry. In The Bone-Setters, J.F. Riley traces algebra’s roots from the searing sun of the Indian sub-continent, to the Middle East where it was gifted to the Arabs in AD773. When developed and transported to the West, it met the established Christian Church head-on not only because it heralded from the East but was also written in strange, if not demonic symbols that ... was dangerous Saracen magic. As the mathematics of anything ‘unknown’, algebra found many applications in the age of exploration and the mathematical adventures of artists, sculptures and architects. Not least to take advantage were the accountants and bankers ever watchful of their red columns. Renaissance algebraists accepted the many challenges the new mathematics presented, but not without their fair share of ongoing feuds that seemed to be the hallmark of any new discovery. Algebra’s cloak of respectability finally came to rest in early 17th century France when it emerged as the all-powerful uniting discipline that destiny had long reserved for it.
Download or read book Statistics and the Public Sphere written by Tom Crook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics and the Public Sphere is the first scholarly volume to address directly the place and function of numbers in modern British political culture, from roughly 1800 through to the present.
Download or read book The Descent of Artificial Intelligence written by Kevin Padraic Donnelly and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2024-07-15 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea that a new technology could challenge human intelligence is as old as the warning from Socrates and Plato that written language eroded memory. With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence programs, we find ourselves once again debating how a new technology might influence human thought and behavior. Researchers, software developers, and “visionary” tech writers even imagine an AI that will equal or surpass human intelligence, adding to a sense of technological determinism where humanity is inexorably shaped by powerful new machines. But among the hundreds of essays, books, and movies that approach the question of AI, few have asked how exactly scientists and philosophers have codified human thought and behavior. Rather than focusing on technical contributions in machine building, The Descent of Artificial Intelligence explores a more diverse cast of thinkers who helped to imagine the very kind of human being that might be challenged by a machine. Kevin Padraic Donnelly argues that what we often think of as the “goal” of AI has in fact been shaped by forgotten and discredited theories about people and human nature as much as it has been by scientific discoveries, mathematical advances, and novel technologies. By looking at the development of artificial intelligence through the lens of social thought, Donnelly deflates the image of artificial intelligence as a technological monolith and reminds readers that we can control the narratives about ourselves.
Download or read book Florence Nightingale and the Medical Men written by Lynn McDonald and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florence Nightingale is known as a hospital reformer, a social reformer, and the founder of professional nursing; few realize that she worked closely with doctors on these issues. As Nightingale’s first supporters and colleagues, doctors contributed to reducing the high death rates in Crimean War hospitals and learned from the consequential reforms. Beginning with an overview of Nightingale’s life and continuing with an exploration of her Crimean War work with army doctors, her post-Crimea work with civilian doctors, and her collaborations with the peacetime army and with army doctors in later wars, Lynn McDonald details the involvement of doctors in Nightingale’s legacy. At a time when hospitals’ death rates were universally high (including at top teaching hospitals), Nightingale formed connections with leading public health doctors and produced heavily cited work on safer hospital design. Her later writings cover her relations with early women doctors and the controversy over state regulation of nurses, bacteriology, and germ theory; here, McDonald argues against flawed secondary literature and the myth of Nightingale’s lifelong opposition to germ theory. The final chapter discusses the legendary nurse’s enduring legacy. Florence Nightingale and the Medical Men provides timely insight into Nightingale’s principles of disease prevention, data visualization, and the impacts of high disease and death rates – issues that persist in the global health crises of the twenty-first century.
Download or read book Wise Management in Organisational Complexity written by M. Thompson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a resource of wise praxis and reflection in the context of organisational complexity for managers, researchers and teachers in management education. Offers various explications and applications of Aristotle's notion of phronèsis (practical wisdom) and reflects on the responsibilities of companies and education institutions towards society.
Download or read book Measure What Matters to Customers written by Ronald J. Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-29 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measure What Matters to Customers reveals how to capitalize on Key Predictive Indicators (KPIs), the innovative measures that define the success of your enterprise as your customers do. If you want to increase your company's profits by working smarter, this is the book for you.
Download or read book The Social Power of Algorithms written by David Beer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast circulations of mobile devices, sensors and data mean that the social world is now defined by a complex interweaving of human and machine agency. Key to this is the growing power of algorithms – the decision-making parts of code – in our software dense and data rich environments. Algorithms can shape how we are retreated, what we know, who we connect with and what we encounter, and they present us with some important questions about how society operates and how we understand it. This book offers a series of concepts, approaches and ideas for understanding the relations between algorithms and power. Each chapter provides a unique perspective on the integration of algorithms into the social world. As such, this book directly tackles some of the most important questions facing the social sciences today. This book was originally published as a special issue of Information, Communication & Society.
Download or read book Whose Global Village written by Ramesh Srinivasan and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Technology myths and histories -- 2. Digital stories from the developing world -- 3. Native Americans, networks, and technology -- 4. Multiple voices : performing technology and knowledge -- 5. Taking back our media.
Download or read book Risk A Study Of Its Origins History And Politics written by Matthias Beck and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-01-13 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over a period of several centuries, the academic study of risk has evolved as a distinct body of thought, which continues to influence conceptual developments in fields such as economics, management, politics and sociology. However, few scholarly works have given a chronological account of cultural and intellectual trends relating to the understanding and analysis of risks. Risk: A Study of its Origins, History and Politics aims to fill this gap by providing a detailed study of key turning points in the evolution of society's understanding of risk. Using a wide range of primary and secondary materials, Matthias Beck and Beth Kewell map the political origins and moral reach of some of the most influential ideas associated with risk and uncertainty at specific periods of time. The historical focus of the book makes it an excellent introduction for readers who wish to go beyond specific risk management techniques and their theoretical underpinnings, to gain an understanding of the history and politics of risk.
Download or read book World in the Balance The Historic Quest for an Absolute System of Measurement written by Robert P. Crease and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2011-10-24 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of transactions each day depend on a reliable network of weights and measures. Crease traces the evolution of this international system from the use of flutes to measure distance in the dynasties of ancient China and figurines to weigh gold in West Africa to the creation of the French metric and British imperial systems.
Download or read book The French Revolution and the Creation of Benthamism written by C. Blamires and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first study of how Genevan Etienne Dumont, and his traumatic experience of the French Revolution, shaped the reception and presentation of 'Benthamism' and masked the true face of Jeremy Bentham, one of the architects of modern society who visualised a new world based on the values of transparency, accountability, and economy.
Download or read book Introduction to Epidemiology written by Merrill and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Epidemiology, Seventh Edition is the ideal introductory text for the epidemiology student with minimal training in the biomedical sciences and statistics.
Download or read book Mapping the Germans written by Jason D. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mapping the Germans explores the development of statistical science and cartography in Germany between the beginning of the nineteenth century and the start of World War One, examining their impact on the German national identity. It asks how spatially-specific knowledge about the nation was constructed, showing the contested and difficult nature of objectifying this frustratingly elastic concept. Ideology and politics were not themselves capable of providing satisfactory answers to questions about the geography and membership of the nation; rather, technology also played a key role in this process, helping to produce the scientific authority needed to make the resulting maps and statistics realistic. In this sense, Mapping the Germans is about how the abstract idea of the nation was transformed into a something that seemed objectively measurable and politically manageable. Jason Hansen also examines the birth of radical nationalism in central Europe, advancing the novel argument that it was changes to the vision of nationality rather than economic anxieties or ideological shifts that radicalized nationalist practice at the close of the nineteenth century. Numbers and maps enabled activists to "see" nationality in local and spatially-specific ways, enabling them to make strategic decisions about where to best direct their resources. In essence, they transformed nationality into something that was actionable, that ordinary people could take real actions to influence.
Download or read book The Politics of Mass Digitization written by Nanna Bonde Thylstrup and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new examination of mass digitization as an emerging sociopolitical and sociotechnical phenomenon that alters the politics of cultural memory. Today, all of us with internet connections can access millions of digitized cultural artifacts from the comfort of our desks. Institutions and individuals add thousands of new cultural works to the digital sphere every day, creating new central nexuses of knowledge. How does this affect us politically and culturally? In this book, Nanna Bonde Thylstrup approaches mass digitization as an emerging sociopolitical and sociotechnical phenomenon, offering a new understanding of a defining concept of our time. Arguing that digitization has become a global cultural political project, Thylstrup draws on case studies of different forms of mass digitization—including Google Books, Europeana, and the shadow libraries Monoskop, lib.ru, and Ubuweb—to suggest a different approach to the study of digital cultural memory archives. She constructs a new theoretical framework for understanding mass digitization that focuses on notions of assemblage, infrastructure, and infrapolitics. Mass digitization does not consist merely of neutral technical processes, Thylstrup argues, but of distinct subpolitical processes that give rise to new kinds of archives and new ways of interacting with the artifacts they contain. With this book, she offers important and timely guidance on how mass digitization alters the politics of cultural memory to impact our relationship with the past and with one another.
