Download or read book The Surface Detector System of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to study cosmic rays with energies greater than 1019 eV. Two sites are envisaged for the observatory, one in each hemisphere, for complete sky coverage. The southern site of the Auger Observatory, now approaching completion in Mendoza, Argentina, features an array of 1600 water-Cherenkov surface detector stations covering 3000 km2, together with 24 fluorescence telescopes to record the air shower cascades produced by these particles. The two complementary detector techniques together with the large collecting area form a powerful instrument for these studies. Although construction is not yet complete, the Auger Observatory has been taking data stably since January 2004 and the first physics results are being published. In this paper we describe the design features and technical characteristics of the surface detector stations of the Pierre Auger Observatory.
Download or read book The Trigger System of the Pierre Auger Surface Detector written by J. C. Hamilton and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trigger system of the Surface Detector (SD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory is described, from the identification of candidate showers (E> 1 EeV) at the level of a single station, among a huge background (mainly single muons), up to the selection of real events and the rejection of random coincidences at a higher central trigger level (including the reconstruction accuracy). Efficiency of a single station trigger is evaluated using real data, and the high performance of event selection hierarchy will be demonstrated.
Download or read book The Low energy Extension of the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by Gaia Silli and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of the Upgraded Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by Alexander Streich and published by . This book was released on 2023* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of the Pierre Auger Observatory Surface Detector written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory will consist of 1600 water Cherenkov tanks sampling ground particles of air showers produced by energetic cosmic rays. The arrival times are obtained from GPS and power is provided by solar panels. The construction of the array is nearly completed and a large number of detectors has been operational for more than three years. In this paper the performance of different components of the detectors are discussed. The accuracy of the signal measurement and the trigger stability are presented. The performance of the solar power system and other hardware, as well as the water purity and its long-term stability are discussed.
Download or read book Stabilizing Energy Reconstructions of the Surface Detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory written by Ariel M. Bridgeman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of the Monitoring Data of the Pierre Auger Surface Detector written by Giovanni Alcocer and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1600 water Cherenkov tanks sampling ground particles of air showers produced by energetic cosmc rays. Every water tank is equipped with three photomultipliers (PMTs). Every 7 minutes monitoring data are recording from each surface detector to ensure that they are performing as intended and also to understand the detector behaviour. The monitoring data set is used to study the evolution of parameters of the PMTs as a function of both time and temperature. The main objective of this work is to monitor the stability of the PMTs. In case there is abnormal behaviour detected, an alarm entry is created in the database. The classification of the alarms into different categories, corresponding to the observed patterns of the above mentioned variables and the decision of the alarm level are subject of this research. The research has three important parts, the theoretical analysis about the deflection angle of high energy events and the threshold energy for high energy cosmic rays (GZK cuttof), the theoretical part of the photomultiplers and the analysis of them using C++, Root and MySQL and the alarms creation.
Download or read book Performance of the Pierre Auger Observatory Surface Array written by Xavier Bertou and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is a 1600 water Cherenkov tank array on a triangular 1.5 km grid. The signals from each tank are read out using three 9'' photomultipliers and processed at a sampling frequency of 40MHz, from which a local digital trigger efficiently selects shower candidates. GPS signals are used for time synchronization and a wireless communication system connects all tanks to the central data acquisition system. Power is provided by a stand-alone solar panel system. With large ambient temperature variations, that can reach over 20 degrees in 24 hours, high salinity, dusty air, high humidity inside the tank, and remoteness of access, the performance and reliability of the array is a challenge. Several key parameters are constantly monitored to ensure consistent operation. The Surface Array has currently over 750 detectors and has been in reliable operation since January 2004. Good uniformity in the response of different detectors and good long term stability is observed.
Download or read book Aperture Calculation of the Pierre Auger Observatory Surface Detector written by J. C. Hamilton and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We determine the instantaneous aperture and integrated exposure of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory, taking into account the trigger efficiency as a function of the energy, arrival direction (with zenith angle lower than 60 degrees) and nature of the primary cosmic-ray. We make use of the so-called Lateral Trigger Probability function (or LTP) associated with an extensive air shower, which summarizes all the relevant information about the physics of the shower, the water tank Cherenkov detector, and the triggers.
Download or read book Reconstruction Accuracy of the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reconstruction of extensive air showers (arrival direction, core position and energy estimation) by the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is discussed together with the corresponding accuracy. We determine the angular reconstruction accuracy as a function of the station multiplicity by using two different approaches. We discuss statistical and systematic uncertainties in the determination of the signal at 1000 m from the core, S(1000), which is used to estimate the primary energy.
Download or read book Calibration of the Surface Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1600 water Cherenkov detectors, deployed over 3000 km2. The remoteness and large number of detectors required a simple, automatic remote calibration procedure. The primary physics calibration is based on the average charge deposited by a vertical and central throughgoing muon, determined with good precision at the detector via a novel rate-based technique and later with higher precision via charge histograms. This value is named the vertical-equivalent muon (VEM). The VEM and the other parameters needed to maintain this calibration over the full energy range and to assess the quality of the detector are measured every minute. This allows an accurate determination of the energy deposited in each detector when an atmospheric cosmic ray shower occurs.
Download or read book The Exposure of the Hybrid Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The 'hybrid' detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction.
Download or read book Angular resolution of the Pierre Auger Observatory written by R. C. Bonifazi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We studied the angular resolution of the Pierre Auger Detector using data collected from January 2004 to May 2005. The detector consists of two independent components, the fluorescence detector and the surface detector. Hybrid events, observed simultaneously by both components, have smaller reconstruction uncertainties than the events observed with only one component. The hybrid resolution is extracted from artificial showers generated by laser shots, while the surface detector angular accuracy is then determined from the comparison of the hybrid geometrical fit with the one obtained from the surface detector alone. We used adjacent surface detector stations to cross check our methods. The angular reconstruction accuracy of the surface detector events is given as a function of station multiplicity.
Download or read book Response of the Pierre Auger Observatory Water Cherenkov Detectors to muons written by M. Aglietta and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two test detectors similar to the Pierre Auger Observatory Water Cherenkov Detectors have been installed at the Observatory site and at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire d'Orsay. The signals from the tanks are read out using three 9'' photomultipliers and analyzed by both a digital oscilloscope with high sampling frequency and the Auger surface detector electronics. Additionally, the detectors are equipped with plastic scintillators serving as muon telescopes. The trigger is provided either by the muon telescope or by the coincidence of the three PMTs. The scintillators are movable allowing the study of the detector response to atmospheric muons arriving with different incident angles. In this paper, the results of measurements for vertical and inclined background muons are presented. These results are compared to simulations and important calibration parameters are extracted. The influence of the direct light detected by the PMTs, particularly important for inclined showers, is discussed.
Download or read book Design Calibration and Early Results of a Surface Array for Detection of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays written by Patrick S. Allison and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The difficulties in understanding cosmic rays at ultrahigh energies have been a persistent problem in particle astrophysics for almost 50 years, due to insufficient statistics and large systematic errors. The design of a surface array for the Pierre Auger Observatory, which was intended to resolve these problems, will be discussed, along with its calibration. The surface detector is an array of 1600 water Cherenkov detectors, spaced 1.5 km apart for a total area of 3000 km2, planned to operate continuously for 20 years. The detectors therefore must be inexpensive, low power, easy to deploy, and have a high reliability. Each surface detector station is required to make a high precision measurement of the signal density produced by the air showers induced by cosmic rays over a wide dynamic range, and therefore a calibration system was developed for the array which creates a signal response uniform to within 3%. Finally, early results of the cosmic ray energy spectrum will be calculated, along with the future implications of the array for the field of cosmic ray astrophysics as well as physics in general.
Download or read book System Tests Initial Operation and First Data of the AMIGA Muon Detector for the Pierre Auger Observatory written by Michael Pontz and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pierre Auger Observatory written by Domenico D'Urso and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
