Download or read book The Study of Japanese Policing in a Comparative Context written by Takeshi Onodera and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Japanese Police System Today A Comparative Study written by L. Craig-Parker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-12 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role do their respective police systems play in the very different crime rates of Japan and the United States? This study draws on direct observation of Japanese police practices combined with interviews of police officials, criminal justice practitioners, legal scholars, and private citizens. It compares many Japanese police practices side by side with U.S. police practices, and places the role of the police in the broader cultural and historical Japanese framework.
Download or read book Policing in Japan written by Setsuo Miyazawa and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1992-03-26 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an observational study of the Japanese detective, demonstrating with extensive field data the process of criminal investigation. It is the first in-depth study of the Japanese criminal justice system at work. Utilizing Ericson's concept of "making crime," Setsuo Miyazawa analyzes the restraints under which Japanese detectives work, and the unique freedoms they have in the investigative process in comparison to American police generally. He also provides a comparative analysis of law enforcement in Japan, the United States, and Europe, and questions how effectively these systems evaluate and enable investigative police work.
Download or read book Comparative Policing Issues written by R. I. Mawby and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1990, Comparative Policing Issues was the first introductory text to consider key issues in the policing of modern societies from an international, comparative perspective. The author begins with a discussion of policing itself and considers how the modern police force has emerged. Separate sections then focus on France and the Netherlands as examples of Western European societies: Canada and Hong Kong as influenced by the colonial tradition; Japan as an Eastern capitalist society; and the USSR, China and Cuba as contrasting examples of communist police systems. These and other countries are then considered in terms of the relationship between the police and the communities they ‘serve’. Critical issues addressed include the following: Are communist and capitalist systems of policing significantly different? What lessons are to be learnt from Japan, with its low crime rate? How accountable are the police in different societies, and to whom? To what extent is the ‘character’ of the police in any society determined by the wider culture, and social and political structure of that society? How practicable is it to transfer ideas about policing from one society to another? The lowering of barriers within the European community and the return of Hong Kong to China are just two examples of the need for a comparative analysis of policing. Students of criminology and police studies, and police and others working in the criminal justice system will find this book an invaluable resource.
Download or read book Policing Across the World written by R.I. Mawby and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging text provides an overview of policing across different societies, and considers the issues facing the US and British police in a wider international context. The book is designed as a coherent introduction to the police.
Download or read book American Public Policy in a Comparative Context written by Howard M. Leichter and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1984 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forces of Order written by David H. Bayley and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991-04-02 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In sharp contrast to the United States, Japan has one of the lowest crime rates in the world and practically no police brutality or corruption. Urban congestion is often blamed for the soaring crime rate in the United States and the waning public confidence in the American police force, yet Japan's population per square mile is almost thirty times that of ours. In Forces of Order, originally published in 1976 and now thoroughly revised and expanded, David Bayley examines the reasons behind Japan's phenomenal success when it comes to public order. The Japanese police force is the world's most developed model of "community policing." To study it, Bayley conducted hundreds of interviews with police officers in Japan and spent many hours observing them on patrol, mostly at night. Making explicit comparisons between Japan and the United States, he analyzes Japan's record in policing and crime, the life of patrol officers, police relations with the community, police discipline and responsibility, the police as an institution, victimless crime, and deviance and authority in Japanese culture. The essential lesson of the book is that the incidence of crime as well as the nature of police practices is rooted in long-standing traditions that are profoundly related to fundamental matters of morality, culture, and historical experience. Bayley shows that the key differences between Japan and the United States do not stem from the economic or political structures of the two countries, but from the characteristic way in which people are expected to relate to one another and the sorts of social institutions that shape and reinforce those expectations.
Download or read book Sokaiya written by Kenneth Szymkowiak and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2002 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sokaiya are extortionists who target Japanese corporations for payoffs. This study explores the curious but not unusual relationship that grows between executives and sokaiya, who often offer their services to protect the corporation from other sokaiya, thus becoming a necessary evil.
Download or read book Janus Faced Justice written by Richard H. Mitchell and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his study of the treatment of political criminal suspects and prisoners from 1868 to 1945, Richard H. Mitchell makes a major contribution to our knowledge and understanding of Japan's criminal justice system at a most critical juncture in that country's history. Through careful research and sensitive evaluation of the source materials, Mitchell identifies two contrasting themes--a high degree of state repression and a concern for human rights--and shows how a system that clearly involved considerable brutality, torture, and illegal detention also exhibited elements of humanity and fairness. He argues that this contradiction is best understood by viewing prewar Japan as a "paternalistic police state," in which brutality was the other side of benevolence. The scope of inquiry of this study encompasses a broad range of issues. It assays laws for control of political dissent as well as the origins of the movement for human rights of criminal suspects and convicts, giving special attention to the behavior of defense lawyers. It sorts out the actors and their roles in upholding or violating individual rights and does a superb job of conveying the subtle difficulties faced by judges as well as the markedly "un-American" legal context of political trials. It describes and makes critical distinctions between conditions in prisons and facilities for special detention and surveillance, and it challenges a number of common assumptions, including long-cherished views about the differences between the 1920s and 1930s. Numerous cases of alleged police brutality are evaluated and police actions analyzed. Tenko (conversion), a novel method of dealing with political criminal suspects and convicts, is explored together with the little-known Criminal Compensation Law. Throughout, the yardstick by which treatment of accused and convicted criminals is judged is the state's own laws and regulations. In addition to evaluation by these internal standards, Mitchell devotes his final chapter to a very useful comparison with the situation in Europe during the same period. There is no other work in English on precisely this subject and no other related work of this scope. Although Mitchell's focus is on political offenders, there is enough material on the overall system to make this volume easily the best available resource on prewar Japanese criminal justice.
Download or read book The Japanese Police State written by Elise K. Tipton and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a specialized study of the organization,ideology and activities of the Japanese Special Higherpolice, the Tokkô, notorious in pre-war and wartime years for its harassment of opponents of the government. Within a comparative framework, this book explains the elements of Tokkô brutality and abuses of authority, analyses police traditions and looks at the Tokkô's interactions with other Japanese institutions and the broader sociopolitical climate. Sources include confidential Tokkô documents and interviews with former Tokkô officials. First published in 1990, this title is part of the Bloomsbury Academic Collections series.
Download or read book Initial Encounter Between Police and Citizens written by Satoru Morizane and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crime and Justice in Contemporary Japan written by Jianhong Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an important overview of key criminology and criminal justice concerns in Japan. It highlights similarities between the practice of criminology research in Japan, as well as important differences, with other areas of Asia and with the West. In previous decades, Japan attracted international attention as the only industrialized country where the crime rate declined along with a rise in urbanization and economic development. Currently, Japan still enjoys a declining crime rate (the lowest among major industrialized countries) and a study of criminal justice practices in Japan may provide important insights for other regions. Japan also experiences important contemporary challenges which are shared by other regions: 1. Japan has the highest proportion of people over the age of 60 in the world. For criminology, this means key challenges in the victimization of older people, as well as the challenges of an aging prison population. 2. Besides the United States, Japan is the only developed country that still practices capital punishment, and its rate has been on the rise in the past 20 years. 3. Japan has also introduced new reforms in its law practice, including the introduction of new trial formats. The research in this book provides a helpful overview for scholars interested in criminology and criminal justice in Japan to understand the key issues of concern, and present a framework for future research needs. It will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, international studies, Asian Studies, sociology, and political science.
Download or read book Comparing Police Organizations written by Jenny Flemming and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-02-15 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Police citizen encounters do not occur in a vacuum. Police systems globally have similarities and/or differences which remain largely understudied and therefore underexplained. Comparative policing is a new frontier for policing research as it aims at integrating the institutional and/or macro determinants of police strategy and provides important insights into the context in which such strategies emerge. This volume shows how lessons and insights emerge from a comparative approach to policing research in various regions of the world. It demonstrates the explanatory power of cross-national studies, with a particular focus on politics, policies, and for what concerns the nature of police work and the legitimacy of policing. The book presents comparative studies from different geographical locations such as Latin and Central America, Africa, India, and Europe, and offers insights on: Police worker politics in India and Brazil Police, non-state security actors, and political legitimacy in central America Trust in the police and the militarization of law enforcement in Latin America The origins of police legitimacy in Europe How organizational contexts matter by analyzing police-adolescent encounters in France and Germany Legitimacy and cooperation with the police in two African states. Cross-state and cross-society research is desirable to increase our understanding of variations of the macro context in which police forces operate, what policing means for citizens and for police officers as professional workers. This insightful volume is a key resource for scholars and researchers of policing, criminology, sociology, and law. This book was originally published as the inaugural volume of Comparative Policing Review / Policing and Society.
Download or read book A Comparative Study of Police Discretion Between the United States and Japan written by Shin'ichiro Tokutome and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cultural Norms and National Security written by Peter J. Katzenstein and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonviolent state behavior in Japan, this book argues, results from the distinctive breadth with which the Japanese define security policy, making it inseparable from the quest for social stability through economic growth. While much of the literature on contemporary Japan has resisted emphasis on cultural uniqueness, Peter J. Katzenstein seeks to explain particular aspects of Japan's security policy in terms of legal and social norms that are collective, institutionalized, and sometimes the source of intense political conflict and change. Culture, thus specified, is amenable to empirical analysis, suggesting comparisons across policy domains and with other countries. Katzenstein focuses on the traditional core agencies of law enforcement and national defense. The police and the military in postwar Japan are, he finds, reluctant to deploy physical violence to enforce state security. Police agents rarely use repression against domestic opponents of the state, and the Japanese public continues to support, by large majorities, constitutional limits on overseas deployment of the military. Katzenstein traces the relationship between the United States and Japan since 1945 and then compares Japan with postwar Germany. He concludes by suggesting that while we may think of Japan's security policy as highly unusual, it is the definition of security used in the United States that is, in international terms, exceptional.
Download or read book Foreign Workers and Law Enforcement in Japan written by Wolfgang Herbert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1996 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a detailed study of the extent to which an increased influx of foreign workers is a threat to law and order in the context of the data-generating process of police statistics and the media coverage of 'crimes' committed by foreigners. It shows that a general mood in which foreign workers are viewed as a potential danger to Japanese society 'protects' the criminalization of foreign 'illegal' migrant workers. The crime statistics are a result of this mood, a direct product of the willingness of the public to inform the police, the reactive and pro-active moves of the police, and of tough prosecution and harsh sentencing by the courts. The fashioning of a crime wave is shown to be a complex interaction between the mass media, the population, the executive and judiciary, both in general and in the case of particular policies on crime. Based on two years of field study in Japan, and a thorough analysis of Japanese media reports on foreign migrant workers in the years 1981-1990, culminating in the implementation of a new Immigration Control Act, it has implications for all countries with a large migrant worker population, and for the universal problem society has in dealing with 'the stranger'. Foreign Workers and Law Enforcement in Japan makes an important contribution to the fields of Japanese studies, sociology, criminology and labour migration. The work begins by tracing the upsurge of 'illegal' foreign workers in Japan - those who enter on tourist or entertainment visas, as students, as trainee-probationers, those who enter through a sham marriage with a Japanese national and those whose legal work permits have expired. It builds a social profile of these 'illegals', showing that they are young, mostly single and relatively well-educated. Because of fear of expulsion, lack of social contacts and over-dependence on employer and workplace, their ability to avail themselves of the protection of the law is negligible, and they are always at risk of becoming victims to multiple exploitation. The study goes on to examine the role played by the police, judiciary and the media in the criminalization of these workers. Police play on and intensify feelings of insecurity, producing a state of conscious suspicion in the public. Attention is selectively focused on Asian foreigners, who are given harsher sentences than those given to Japanese. Formal arraignments and proceedings are instituted too often. The whole social climate favours repression and control. In the creation of this climate, coverage of the 'problem' of 'illegal' foreigners by the mass media plays a crucial role, particularly in regard to public perception and distribution of 'stereotypes of criminality of foreigners'. On the basis of the criminological control paradigm, all these elements give rise to a feedback process with reciprocal linkage effects - resulting in a 'crime wave'. This 'functionalizing' of the ascription of a 'high criminal potential' to foreigners can also be found in other countries experiencing 'high' and 'unexpected' immigration.
Download or read book Journal of Social and Political Sciences written by Asian Institute of Research and published by Asian Institute of Research. This book was released on 2023-12-30 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Asian Institute of Research Journal of Social and Political Sciences is a peer-reviewed International Journal of the Asian Institute of Research. The journal covers scholarly articles in the fields of Social and Political Sciences, which include, but not limited to, Humanities, Arts, Psychology, Anthropology, Government Studies, Political Sciences, Sociology, International Relations, Law, Public Administration, History, Philosophy, Arts, and Cultural Studies. The Journal of Social and Political Sciences is an Open Access Journal that can be accessed and downloaded online for free. Thus, ensuring high visibility and increase of citations for all research articles published. The journal aims to facilitate scholarly work on recent theoretical and practical aspects of Social and Political Sciences. Academics, Policymakers, and researchers are open to submit their manuscript at any time.
