Download or read book The Strength of Bark on Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Trees written by Iwan Wästerlund and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Strength of Bark on Pine and Spruce Trees written by Iwan Wästerlund and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large Herbivore Ecology Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation written by Kjell Danell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-25 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most large herbivores require some type of management within their habitats. Some populations of large herbivores are at the brink of extinction, some are under discussion for reintroduction, whilst others already occur in dense populations causing conflicts with other land use. Large herbivores are the major drivers for forming the shape and function of terrestrial ecosystems. This 2006 book addresses the scientifically based action plans to manage both the large herbivore populations and their habitats worldwide. It covers the processes by which large herbivores not only affect their environment (e.g. grazing) but are affected by it (e.g. nutrient cycling) and the management strategies required. Also discussed are new modeling techniques, which help assess integration processes in a landscape context, as well as assessing the consequences of new developments in the processes of conservation. This book will be essential reading for all involved in the management of both large herbivores and natural resources.
Download or read book Soil and Root Damage in Forestry written by Iwan Wasterlund and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agroforestry has significantly impacted our forests, but an often-overlooked issue is the effect of harvesting on soils and root systems. Soil and Root Damage in Forestry explains how soil and roots might be damaged through logging activities or silvicultural activities, how resulting root diseases impact the root and soil systems, and the impacts of chemical applications on the soil and root system. This book goes beyond the 'why' to also provide methods to reduce the impacts of machines on soils and offers solutions to minimize the impacts of machines on soils. Soil and Root Damage in Forestry serves as a valuable resource not only for those already working in soil science and forest ecology, but also provides insights for advanced students seeking an entrance to the "hidden half" of the planet. - Combines damages to soil and roots in one volume for the first time - Includes calculations related to soil strength providing soil scientists and ecologists with methods to estimate root damage - Provides suggestions on how to reduce the impact of harvesting on soil and root systems
Download or read book Bark Beetles written by Fernando E. Vega and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-29 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bark Beetles: Biology and Ecology of Native and Invasive Species provides a thorough discussion of these economically important pests of coniferous and broadleaf trees and their importance in agriculture. It is the first book in the market solely dedicated to this important group of insects, and contains 15 chapters on natural history and ecology, morphology, taxonomy and phylogenetics, evolution and diversity, population dynamics, resistance, symbiotic associations, natural enemies, climate change, management strategies, economics, and politics, with some chapters exclusively devoted to some of the most economically important bark beetle genera, including Dendroctonus, Ips, Tomicus, Hypothenemus, and Scolytus. This text is ideal for entomology and forestry courses, and is aimed at scientists, faculty members, forest managers, practitioners of biological control of insect pests, mycologists interested in bark beetle-fungal associations, and students in the disciplines of entomology, ecology, and forestry. - Provides the only synthesis of the literature on bark beetles - Features chapters exclusively devoted to some of the most economically important bark beetle genera, such as Dendroctonus, Ips, Tomicus, Hypothenemus, and Scolytus - Includes copious color illustrations and photographs that further enhance the content
Download or read book Utilization of Residual Forest Biomass written by Pentti Hakkila and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increase in the demand for wood results in improved recovery and less residual biomass in the forests. Paradoxically, interest in forest residue as a renewable source of raw material seems to be in a reverse ratio to its availability in a certain area. Finland and Sweden are probably more dependent on forestry and forest in dustries than any other developed countries in the world. A sufficiency of raw ma terial for integrated forest industries is vital for the national economy of both countries, and a great deal of attention is being paid to the long-term potential of unutilized biomass left behind in logging operations. Furthermore, since these countries possess no reserves of fossil fuels, and since their per-capita consump tion of primary energy is exceptionally high, they also consider unmerchantable forest biomass a realistic source of indigenous energy. A joint Nordic research project on harvesting and utilization of logging residue was carried out in 1969-1976 under the auspices of the Nordic Research Council on Forest Operations. This fruitful cooperation soon gave rise to related national projects in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark, stimulating further research and producing practical applications. Concurrently, particularly after the worldwide energy crisis in 1973, research on all aspects of utilization of forest bio mass mushroomed in the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union. An ex plosive increase occurred in both the number and diversity of biomass studies.
Download or read book Journal of Forest Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Timo Pukkala and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the majority of the world’s forest ecosystems are dominated by uneven-sized multi-species stands, forest management practice and theory has focused on the development of plantation monocultures to maximize the supply of timber at low cost. Societal expectations are changing, however, and uneven-aged multi-species ecosystems, selectively managed as Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), are often believed to be superior to monocultures in addressing a wide range of expectations. This book presents methods which are relevant to CCF management and planning: analysing forest structures, silvicultural and planning, economic evaluation, based on examples in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America.
Download or read book Wood and Bark Properties of Spruce Pine written by Floyd G. Manwiller and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Improvement of Shape Stability in Norway Spruce and Scots Pine Sawn Timber written by Henrik Hallingbäck and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crown Structure and Phytomass Distribution in Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Trees written by J. G. K. Flower-Ellis and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Properties of Tree Wounds written by Matti Kärkkäinen and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Tree Squirrels written by Michael A. Steele and published by McDonald and Woodward Publishing Company. This book was released on 1998 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Utilisation of Bark 1966 Revision written by Jack Richardson Aaron and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Importance of Thinning Grade in Stands of Norway Spruce Picea Abies L Karst and Scots Pine Pinus Sylvestris L to Minimize Suckers of Birch written by Tord Johansson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Journal of Forest Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trees of Pennsylvania written by Ann Fowler Rhoads and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authoritative, encyclopedic, lavishly illustrated guide to the trees of the state and region—from the Morris Arboretum, the official arboretum of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
