Download or read book The Sources of Violence in America and Their Consequences for Law Enforcement written by C. Kenneth Meyer and published by Charles C. Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2001 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the sources of violence, examines why some people use violence against police officers, and shows that such violence is not always easily combated; relates the functions of the police to the sources of violence against them; reviews the evidence on assault against police; and references a large amount of previously published and some unpublished material in a format that should assist researchers. The first chapter provides a historical perspective on American violence and discusses the terms that people use when describing violent acts. The ethical bases of violence and what makes the use of physical force a legitimate activity are explored in the second chapter. This discussion facilitates a better understanding of why different segments of American society have disparate views about when it is proper to use violence to settle disputes; when law enforcement officers should intervene in civilian matters; and whether civilians should use physical violence against police officers who are perceived as exceeding the limits of their authority. Chapter 3 explores the extensive theoretical literature on violence and describes the major schools of thought about its origins. This is intended to provide a better understanding of the types of violence that are directed against police officers. Chapter 4 addresses such concepts as law, order, legitimacy, majority rule, and professionalism as they apply to police activities. Chapter 5 outlines the major approaches to explaining criminal violence, and chapter 6 sets the assault incident within a theoretical context. Remaining chapters deal with the characteristics of assaulted officers, assailant characteristics, characteristics of the assault situation, and geographical patterns of American violence. Suggestions are offered about the areas where additional research is required before definitive answers can be reached and policy remedies can be selected.
Download or read book Police Violence Understanding Its Basic History Causal Origins Health Consequences and Prevention Strategies written by Benedict Emesowum and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power corrupts, and absolute power will absolutely corrupt the police. The American Founders understood the importance of limiting governmentÕs power, thereby putting in place balances and checks to achieve it. The police have a lot of power: as you walk or drive, they can stop, detain, arrest, assault, vandalize, and even kill you with impunity. With the vast resources at the command of the police, itÕs easy to see how even a humble person can become intoxicated with the powers granted the police. Police Violence outlines the origins of the police, and how those origins, certain behaviors, and other factors explain the deaths of people like Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, Samuel Dubose, Walter Scott and many others. The U.S. media has extensively reported police violence, but analysts have offered little information on why it happens or ideas for prevention. This groundbreaking book takes you on an honest intellectual public health journey while staying true to the realities of the issue for the everyday reader.
Download or read book The Study of Violent Crime written by Scott Mire and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence is a complex subject that is rooted in a multitude of disciplines, including not only criminology but also psychology, sociology, biology, and other social science disciplines. It is only through understanding violence as a concept that we can hope to respond to it appropriately and to prevent it. The Study of Violent Crime: Its Correlates and Concerns is a comprehensive text that provides a current analysis of violence and violent crime in the United States. Topics discussed include: The history of violence in Europe and America Whether violent behavior can be predicted Possible correlates of violence, including values, poverty, low education, abuse and neglect, alcohol abuse, and shame Sociological theories surrounding crime causation, including social control, conflict and strain, and anomie Psychological approaches to understanding violence from Freud, Bentham, Skinner, and others Biological theories and the influence of positivism and determinism The role of early exposure to violence on future behavior and programs to counteract these effects Gang activity and hate crimes The history of punishment and its effectiveness Victimology and victimization Organized in logical fashion, each chapter builds on previous ones and makes use of concrete examples to clarify concepts. Action boxes help readers focus on salient points and review questions appear at the end of each chapter, enabling readers to test their assimilation of the material.
Download or read book Understanding and Preventing Violence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By conservative estimates, more than 16,000 violent crimes are committed or attempted every day in the United States. Violence involves many factors and spurs many viewpoints, and this diversity impedes our efforts to make the nation safer. Now a landmark volume from the National Research Council presents the first comprehensive, readable synthesis of America's experience of violence-offering a fresh, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and preventing interpersonal violence and its consequences. Understanding and Preventing Violence provides the most complete, up-to-date responses available to these fundamental questions: How much violence occurs in America? How do different processes-biological, psychosocial, situational, and social-interact to determine violence levels? What preventive strategies are suggested by our current knowledge of violence? What are the most critical research needs? Understanding and Preventing Violence explores the complexity of violent behavior in our society and puts forth a new framework for analyzing risk factors for violent events. From this framework the authors identify a number of "triggering" events, situational elements, and predisposing factors to violence-as well as many promising approaches to intervention. Leading authorities explore such diverse but related topics as crime statistics; biological influences on violent behavior; the prison population explosion; developmental and public health perspectives on violence; violence in families; and the relationship between violence and race, ethnicity, poverty, guns, alcohol, and drugs. Using four case studies, the volume reports on the role of evaluation in violence prevention policy. It also assesses current federal support for violence research and offers specific science policy recommendations. This breakthrough book will be a key resource for policymakers in criminal and juvenile justice, law enforcement authorities, criminologists, psychologists, sociologists, public health professionals, researchers, faculty, students, and anyone interested in understanding and preventing violence.
Download or read book Violence in American Society 2 volumes written by Chris Richardson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-08-11 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While many books explore such specific issues as gun violence, arson, murder, and crime prevention, this encyclopedia serves as a one-stop resource for exploring the history, societal factors, and current dimensions of violence in America in all its forms. This encyclopedia explores violence in the United States, from the nation's founding to modern-day trends, laws, viewpoints, and media depictions. Providing a nuanced lens through which to think about violence in America, including its underlying causes, its iterations, and possible solutions, this work offers broad and authoritative coverage that will be immensely helpful to users ranging from high school and undergraduate students to professionals in law enforcement and school administration. In addition to detailed and evenhanded summaries of the key events and issues relating to violence in America, contributors highlight important events, political debates, legal perspectives, modern dimensions, and critical approaches. This encyclopedia also features excerpts from such important primary source documents as legal rulings, presidential speeches, and congressional testimony from scholars and activists on aspects of violence in America. Together, these documents provide important insights into past and present patterns of violent crime in the United States, as well as proposed solutions to those problems.
Download or read book When Police Kill written by Franklin E. Zimring and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A remarkable book.”—Malcolm Gladwell, San Francisco Chronicle Deaths of civilians at the hands of on-duty police are in the national spotlight as never before. How many killings by police occur annually? What circumstances provoke police to shoot to kill? Who dies? The lack of answers to these basic questions points to a crisis in American government that urgently requires the attention of policy experts. When Police Kill is a groundbreaking analysis of the use of lethal force by police in the United States and how its death toll can be reduced. Franklin Zimring compiles data from federal records, crowdsourced research, and investigative journalism to provide a comprehensive, fact-based picture of how, when, where, and why police resort to deadly force. Of the 1,100 killings by police in the United States in 2015, he shows, 85 percent were fatal shootings and 95 percent of victims were male. The death rates for African Americans and Native Americans are twice their share of the population. Civilian deaths from shootings and other police actions are vastly higher in the United States than in other developed nations, but American police also confront an unusually high risk of fatal assault. Zimring offers policy prescriptions for how federal, state, and local governments can reduce killings by police without risking the lives of officers. Criminal prosecution of police officers involved in killings is rare and only necessary in extreme cases. But clear administrative rules could save hundreds of lives without endangering police officers. “Roughly 1,000 Americans die each year at the hands of the police...The civilian body count does not seem to be declining, even though violent crime generally and the on-duty deaths of police officers are down sharply...Zimring’s most explosive assertion—which leaps out...—is that police leaders don’t care...To paraphrase the French philosopher Joseph de Maistre, every country gets the police it deserves.” —Bill Keller, New York Times “If you think for one second that the issue of cop killings doesn’t go to the heart of the debate about gun violence, think again. Because what Zimring shows is that not only are most fatalities which occur at the hands of police the result of cops using guns, but the number of such deaths each year is undercounted by more than half!...[A] valuable and important book...It needs to be read.” —Mike Weisser, Huffington Post
Download or read book America on Fire The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s written by Elizabeth Hinton and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Not since Angela Davis’s 2003 book, Are Prisons Obsolete?, has a scholar so persuasively challenged our conventional understanding of the criminal legal system.” —Ronald S. Sullivan, Jr., Washington Post From one of our top historians, a groundbreaking story of policing and “riots” that shatters our understanding of the post–civil rights era. What began in spring 2020 as local protests in response to the killing of George Floyd by Minneapolis police quickly exploded into a massive nationwide movement. Millions of mostly young people defiantly flooded into the nation’s streets, demanding an end to police brutality and to the broader, systemic repression of Black people and other people of color. To many observers, the protests appeared to be without precedent in their scale and persistence. Yet, as the acclaimed historian Elizabeth Hinton demonstrates in America on Fire, the events of 2020 had clear precursors—and any attempt to understand our current crisis requires a reckoning with the recent past. Even in the aftermath of Donald Trump, many Americans consider the decades since the civil rights movement in the mid-1960s as a story of progress toward greater inclusiveness and equality. Hinton’s sweeping narrative uncovers an altogether different history, taking us on a troubling journey from Detroit in 1967 and Miami in 1980 to Los Angeles in 1992 and beyond to chart the persistence of structural racism and one of its primary consequences, the so-called urban riot. Hinton offers a critical corrective: the word riot was nothing less than a racist trope applied to events that can only be properly understood as rebellions—explosions of collective resistance to an unequal and violent order. As she suggests, if rebellion and the conditions that precipitated it never disappeared, the optimistic story of a post–Jim Crow United States no longer holds. Black rebellion, America on Fire powerfully illustrates, was born in response to poverty and exclusion, but most immediately in reaction to police violence. In 1968, President Lyndon Johnson launched the “War on Crime,” sending militarized police forces into impoverished Black neighborhoods. Facing increasing surveillance and brutality, residents threw rocks and Molotov cocktails at officers, plundered local businesses, and vandalized exploitative institutions. Hinton draws on exclusive sources to uncover a previously hidden geography of violence in smaller American cities, from York, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, to Stockton, California. The central lesson from these eruptions—that police violence invariably leads to community violence—continues to escape policymakers, who respond by further criminalizing entire groups instead of addressing underlying socioeconomic causes. The results are the hugely expanded policing and prison regimes that shape the lives of so many Americans today. Presenting a new framework for understanding our nation’s enduring strife, America on Fire is also a warning: rebellions will surely continue unless police are no longer called on to manage the consequences of dismal conditions beyond their control, and until an oppressive system is finally remade on the principles of justice and equality.
Download or read book The Crime Drop in America written by Alfred Blumstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-09-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Top criminologists explain the reasons for the drop in violent crime in America.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States written by Tamara Rice Lave and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive collection on police and policing, written by experts in political theory, sociology, criminology, economics, law, public health, and critical theory.
Download or read book The War on Cops written by Heather Mac Donald and published by Encounter Books. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violent crime has been rising sharply in many American cities after two decades of decline. Homicides jumped nearly 17 percent in 2015 in the largest 50 cities, the biggest one-year increase since 1993. The reason is what Heather Mac Donald first identified nationally as the “Ferguson effect”: Since the 2014 police shooting death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, officers have been backing off of proactive policing, and criminals are becoming emboldened. This book expands on Mac Donald’s groundbreaking and controversial reporting on the Ferguson effect and the criminal-justice system. It deconstructs the central narrative of the Black Lives Matter movement: that racist cops are the greatest threat to young black males. On the contrary, it is criminals and gangbangers who are responsible for the high black homicide death rate. The War on Cops exposes the truth about officer use of force and explodes the conceit of “mass incarceration.” A rigorous analysis of data shows that crime, not race, drives police actions and prison rates. The growth of proactive policing in the 1990s, along with lengthened sentences for violent crime, saved thousands of minority lives. In fact, Mac Donald argues, no government agency is more dedicated to the proposition that “black lives matter” than today’s data-driven, accountable police department. Mac Donald gives voice to the many residents of high-crime neighborhoods who want proactive policing. She warns that race-based attacks on the criminal-justice system, from the White House on down, are eroding the authority of law and putting lives at risk. This book is a call for a more honest and informed debate about policing, crime, and race.
Download or read book Violent Crime in America written by Miriam D. Sealock and published by . This book was released on 2024-11-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is an authoritative, unbiased research tool for understanding the true dimensions of violent crime in America. Its approach is to fact-check common beliefs, arguments, and talking points about the causes and consequences of violent crime in the USA. By casting a critical eye at claims and counterclaims made across the political spectrum about violent crime and its wider impact on the fabric of American life, Violent Crime in America: Examining the Facts will make readers more discerning consumers of news media as well as more informed citizens. Coverage is broken down into dozens of Q-and-A entries, each of which "fact checks" a prominent claim or belief. These entries are in turn arranged in topical chapters that tackle various facets of violent crime in America, including crime trends and patterns over time; perceptions of violent crime and media coverage; characteristics of offenders and victims; socioeconomic and demographic factors; impact of gun laws and policies; impact of violent entertainment; strategies for prevention; and wider societal impacts.
Download or read book Race and Police Brutality written by Malcolm D. Holmes and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2008-11-13 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disputes standard explanations of police brutality against minority citizens to offer new insights and suggestions on dealing with this problem.
Download or read book The History of Law Enforcement written by Duchess Harris and published by ABDO. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Law Enforcement examines all aspects of law enforcement in the United States. It discusses the history behind US law enforcement, how different law enforcement agencies operate, and how police impact their surrounding communities. Features include a glossary, further readings, websites, source notes, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Essential Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Violence written by Margaret DiCanio and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arranged in an A to Z format and cross-referenced, "An Encyclopedia of Everyday Violence" by Margaret DiCanio, Ph.D., provides an overview. Entries include: violence management systems; health, law enforcement, judicial, and corrections. Strengths and flaws are revealed, particularly in assembly line justice and juvenile justice. Explored are such seemingly unrelated types of crime as organized and corporate crime that, with casual decisions made out of public view, can create catastrophes. Murder in various guises is described. While mass murders and serial murders by individuals capture most public attention, more common are murders as a consequence of domestic abuse, barroom brawls, and petty squabbles. Classroom violence is covered, as is campus violence. Violence is expensive, economically, socially, and psychologically. One of the reasons, the United States is often labeled a violent nation is that, unlike many other nations, it keeps relatively accurate crime statistics, many of which are cited. A worldwide crisis, violence is not just a criminal justice problem; it is the major public health problem and an enormous drain on the world's financial and human resources. Appendixes trace the roots of America's drug traffic, describe the limitations of violence research, and provide resources. ""The Encyclopedia of Everyday Violence" addresses all aspects of violence in the U.S.... Bridging the gap between expert analysis and the word on the street, this unique A-to-Z reference explores the origins of violence, its human and material consequences, and potential remedies for the growing tide of force and brutality." --Debra A. Aleksinas, "Litchfield County Times" "Some entries are short, a few sentences. While others, like the section on mass murderers, takes pages to discuss the causes, attitudes, and consequences of violence. Other entries, like ones on gun control and the death penalty are mini debates i
Download or read book Policing and Race in America written by James D. Ward and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection explores policing in America in regards to minority groups. The essays discuss how the relationship between police and minority groups affects politics, the economy, and minority groups’ daily lives and success. The contributors explore the Black Lives Matter movement, the Detroit, Los Angeles, and Atlanta Police Departments, immigration, incarceration, community policing, police violence, and detail causes, theories, and solutions to this important phenomenon.
Download or read book Understanding Violent Criminals written by David J. Thomas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-06-19 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What causes people to commit violent crimes? The case studies in this book enable readers to evaluate the motivations behind crimes ranging from arson to rape to gang violence. Violent crime remains a major problem in America: in 2011, there were more than 1.2 million violent crimes committed in the United States. To better grasp the complex reasons behind this disturbing statistic, author David J. Thomas—a police officer and forensic psychologist—conducted an in-depth examination of violent crime to pinpoint why some individuals intentionally inflict pain and suffering upon others. In this book, readers are given access to excerpts from police interviews for each spotlighted crime in the case studies, offering a unique inside look at the true motivations of the criminal. The case studies include examples of arson, crimes against children, gang violence, human trafficking, murder, rape, and robbery. The work also explores the psychology associated with each crime, addresses evidence of corresponding personality types, and delves into victimology.
Download or read book Police Abuse and Reform in America written by James J. Nolan and published by . This book was released on 2024-10-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
