Download or read book The Solubility and Diffusivity of Helium in Mercury with Respect to Applications at the Spallation Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models for solubility of noble gases in liquid metals are reviewed in detail and evaluated for the combination of mercury and helium for applications at the Spallation Nuetron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Gas solubility in mercury is acknowledged to be very low; therefore, mercury has been used in ASTM standard methods as a blocking media for gas solubility studies in organic fluids and water. Models from physical chemistry predict a Henry coefficient for helium in mercury near 3.9x1015 Pa-molHg/molHe, but the models have large uncertainties and are not verified with data. An experiment is designed that bounds the solubility of helium in mercury to values below 1.0x10−8 molHe/molHg at 101.3 kPa, which is below values previously measurable. The engineering application that motivated this study was the desire to inject 10 to 15 micron-radius helium bubbles in the mercury target of the SNS to reduce pressure spikes that accompany the beam energy deposition. While the experiment bounds the solubility to values low enough to support system engineering for the SNS application, it does not allow confirmation of the theoretical solubility with low uncertainty. However, methods to measure the solubility value may be derived from the techniques employed in this study.
Download or read book Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry written by Floyd D. McDaniel and published by AIP Conference Proceedings / A. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers have been peer-reviewed. The conference brings together scientists and physicians from universities, national laboratories, research institutes and industry worldwide who use particle accelerators in their research, medical and industrial applications. The topics presented at the conference included accelerator technology and applications, atomic/nuclear physics, national and homeland security, ion beam analysis/modifications, medical applications/radioisotopes, radiation effects, teaching with accelerators, nano-scale fabrication, focused ion beams and PIXE.
Download or read book Theoretical Study of Noble Gas Bubble Behavior in Mercury written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) uses heavy liquid metal (mercury) as the target material or high power proton beam bombardment to produce neutrons for scientific research. Though the liquid target is not subject to material degradation due to radiation damage, the stainless steel pressure boundary confining the liquid metal flow is damaged by radiation and cavitation erosion induced by the thermal shock waves caused by the deposition of the incoming high-power proton beam. This puts a limit on the lifetime of the target holder. To mitigate the cavitation-induced erosion damage to the target holder, it is aimed to introduce microbubbles to the target mercury with expected nominal size of 30 [mu] m diameter and volume fraction of 0.5%, which can substantially lower the pressure amplitude resulting from the proton beam deposition due to the added compressibility. The noble gas bubble behavior in mercury is studied in this thesis. The acoustics of the two-phase mixture under the perturbation due to beam deposition, specifically acoustic streaming, is simulated in a bubbly two-phase flow for the first time in the literature. The numerical simulation shows the magnitude of obtained streaming velocity is much smaller than the pumped mercury flow in the target and will not cause distortion to flow patterns and heat transfer in the target. Single bubble dynamics, which includes noble gas solubility evaluation in mercury and the bubble radius evolution under the effect of mass diffusion across the bubble wall, is also simulated. Two different profiles of bubble size distribution are studied. The solubility evaluation provides a theoretical basis for the inert gas solubility measurement experiments. The mass diffusion induced bubble behavior simulation based on the solubility results indicates that xenon bubbles creates a more viable and stable bubble population in mercury than helium bubbles, which means xenon is a possible better candidate to add compressibility to pure mercury in the SNS target.
Download or read book The Solubility of Helium in Lithium and Potassium written by H. Slotnick and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Solubility of Helium in Certain Typical Lubricants and Mercury written by Atomic Energy Research Establishment (Harwell, England) and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Solubility Partial Molar Volume and Diffusivity of Helium in Liquid Methane written by J. E. Sinor and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Status of Helium production Reaction Studies with a Spallation Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solubility of Helium in Certain Typical Lubricants and Mercury written by T. R. Moss and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ostwanderung written by Karl Stumpp and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equilibrium Solubility and Diffusivity of Helium in Single crystal Uranium Dioxide written by Pei Sung and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Challenges for Coolants in Fast Neutron Spectrum Systems written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication evaluates the different coolant options considered for nuclear applications with a fast neutron spectrum (i.e. fusion, fission and accelerators), compiles the latest information in the field and identifies research needs.
Download or read book Moon written by Viorel Badescu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth has limited material and energy resources. Further development of the humanity will require going beyond our planet for mining and use of extraterrestrial mineral resources and search of power sources. The exploitation of the natural resources of the Moon is a first natural step on this direction. Lunar materials may contribute to the betterment of conditions of people on Earth but they also may be used to establish permanent settlements on the Moon. This will allow developing new technologies, systems and flight operation techniques to continue space exploration. In fact, a new branch of human civilization could be established permanently on Moon in the next century. But, meantime, an inventory and proper social assessment of Moon’s prospective energy and material resources is required. This book investigates the possibilities and limitations of various systems supplying manned bases on Moon with energy and other vital resources. The book collects together recent proposals and innovative options and solutions. It is a useful source of condensed information for specialists involved in current and impending Moon-related activities and a good starting point for young researchers.
Download or read book Corrosion of Titanium written by J. D. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by Christoph Leyens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.
Download or read book Nanotechnology Research Directions IWGN Workshop Report written by R.S. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: energy production, environmental management, transportation, communication, computation, and education. As the twenty-first century unfolds, nanotechnology's impact on the health, wealth, and security of the world's people is expected to be at least as significant as the combined influences in this century of antibiotics, the integrated circuit, and human-made polymers. Dr. Neal Lane, Advisor to the President for Science and Technology and former National Science Foundation (NSF) director, stated at a Congressional hearing in April 1998, "If I were asked for an area of science and engineering that will most likely produce the breakthroughs of tomorrow, I would point to nanoscale science and engineering. " Recognizing this potential, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) have issued a joint memorandum to Federal agency heads that identifies nanotechnology as a research priority area for Federal investment in fiscal year 2001. This report charts "Nanotechnology Research Directions," as developed by the Interagency W orking Group on Nano Science, Engineering, and Technology (IWGN) of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report incorporates the views of leading experts from government, academia, and the private sector. It reflects the consensus reached at an IWGN-sponsored workshop held on January 27-29, 1999, and detailed in contributions submitted thereafter by members of the V. S. science and engineering community. (See Appendix A for a list of contributors.
Download or read book The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers written by Pete Burnard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twelve chapters of this volume aim to provide a complete manual for using noble gases in terrestrial geochemistry, covering applications which range from high temperature processes deep in the Earth’s interior to tracing climatic variations using noble gases trapped in ice cores, groundwaters and modern sediments. Other chapters cover noble gases in crustal (aqueous, CO2 and hydrocarbon) fluids and laboratory techniques for determining noble gas solubilities and diffusivities under geologically relevant conditions. Each chapter deals with the fundamentals of the analysis and interpretation of the data, detailing sampling and sampling strategies, techniques for analysis, sources of error and their estimation, including data treatment and data interpretation using recent case studies.
