EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

Book The Social Work Experience Mysearchlab Access Code

Download or read book The Social Work Experience Mysearchlab Access Code written by Mary Ann Suppes and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2012-02-16 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that youselect the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition,you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. --

Book The Social Work Experience

Download or read book The Social Work Experience written by Mary Ann Suppes and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2012-06-27 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how social workers use their professional expertise to assist people. This text is part of the Connecting Core Competencies Series. The Social Work Experience: An Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare introduces students to the profession of social work including eight major fields of practice, and provides in-depth discussion of social welfare policy, its history, contemporary issues, and probable future trends. The book helps students understand how social workers use their professional expertise to assist people in solving a wide variety of problems to improve their lives. There are three major parts: The first part, Social Work and its Context, comprises four chapters which introduce the profession of social work, provide theoretical perspectives underlying generalist practice, investigate the concept of social justice, and explore social welfare policy and its history. The second part, Professional Practice Settings, offers an in-depth discussion of eight fields of practice: family and children's services, mental health, health care, schools, older adult services, criminal justice, and developmental disabilities. The third and final part, A Look to the Future, views the profession through the eyes of futurists and explores the challenges and opportunities that await new social workers. A better teaching and learning experience This program will provide a better teaching and learning experience--for you and your students. Here's how: Improve Critical Thinking -- Discussions on values, ethics, human diversity, and generalist social work practice throughout stimulate students to think critically about varying issues. Engage Students -- Case studies introduce each chapter and are carefully developed to illustrate the myriad of problems that social workers deal with in daily practice. Explore Current Issues -- Includes new content on a variety of issues, including policy diversity, the environment, and much more. Apply CSWE Core Competencies -- The text integrates the 2008 CSWE EPAS, with critical thinking questions and practice tests to assess student understanding and development of competency. Support Instructors -- An Instructor's Manual and Test Bank, Computerized Test Bank (MyTest), BlackBoard Test Item File, and PowerPoint presentations are included in the outstanding supplements package.

Book Social Work Mysearchlab With Pearson Etext Passcode

Download or read book Social Work Mysearchlab With Pearson Etext Passcode written by Brenda L. DuBois and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that youselect the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition,you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- This access code card gives you access to all of MySearchLab's tools and resources, including a complete eText of your book. You can also buy immediate access to MySearchLab with Pearson eText online with a credit card atwww.mysearchlab.com. Applies the empowerment perspective to the Social Work profession. Social Work: An Empowering Profession, 8e introduces the social work profession and interweaves contemporary themes of strength, human rights, and social justices. In addition, the text details the empowerment-oriented roles of the social worker as consultant, resource manager, and educator. Connecting Core Competencies series -- Each chapter highlights the core competencies and practice behavior examples found in the Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) set by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Critical thinking questions throughout reinforces these connections. MySearchLab.com activities enhance the student experience by integrating the mastery of CSWE's core competencies with practice and research. This text is available in a variety of formats — digital and print. Pearson offers its titles on the devices students love through Pearson's MyLab products, CourseSmart, Amazon, and more. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Understand the Social Work Profession. Apply principles of empowerment to various fields of social work practice. Apply critical thinking skills to case scenarios presented throughout the text. Analyze issues faced by clients using a human right and social frame. Examine personal perspectives and biases.

Book Social Work

    Book Details:
  • Author : Brenda DuBois
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 2014
  • ISBN : 9780205922383
  • Pages : 0 pages

Download or read book Social Work written by Brenda DuBois and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that you select the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition, you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- Applies the empowerment perspective to the Social Work profession. Social Work: An Empowering Profession, 8e introduces the social work profession and interweaves contemporary themes of strength, human rights, and social justices. In addition, this title details the empowerment-oriented roles of the social worker as consultant, resource manager, and educator. Connecting Core Competencies series -- Each chapter highlights the core competencies and practice behavior examples found in the Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) set by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Critical thinking questions throughout reinforces these connections. MySearchLab.com activities enhance the student experience by integrating the mastery of CSWE's core competencies with practice and research. This title is available in a variety of formats -- digital and print. Pearson offers its titles on the devices students love through Pearson's MyLab products, CourseSmart, Amazon, and more. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Understand the Social Work Profession. Apply principles of empowerment to various fields of social work practice. Apply critical thinking skills to case scenarios presented throughout the text. Analyze issues faced by clients using a human right and social frame. Examine personal perspectives and biases. 0205922384 / 9780205922383 Social Work: An Empowering Profession Plus MySearchLab with eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: 0205239927 / 9780205239924 MySearchLab with Pearson eText -- Valuepack Access Card 020584894X / 9780205848942 Social Work: An Empowering Profession

Book Social Work Practicum

Download or read book Social Work Practicum written by Cynthia L. Garthwait and published by Pearson College Division. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that you select the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition, you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- Integrates classroom with field. The sixth edition of Social Work Practicum offers a unique integrative format designed to help students develop social work competencies by applying their academic learning to practicum experiences. This title covers a variety of topic areas leading students through guided experiences and workbook questions. Which, in turn, help students gain a professional identity, integrate theory with practice, and acquire the core competencies needed for social work practice. Connecting Core Competencies series -- Each chapter highlights the core competencies and practice behavior examples found in the Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) set by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Critical thinking questions throughout reinforces these connections. MySearchLab.com activities enhance the student experience by integrating the mastery of CSWE's core competencies with practice and research. This title is available in a variety of formats -- digital and print. Pearson offers its titles on the devices students love through Pearson's MyLab products, CourseSmart, Amazon, and more. To learn more about our programs, pricing options and customization, click the Choices tab. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Integrate classroom knowledge and theory with practicum experience. Develop professional identity as a generalist social worker. Understand the various contexts of social work practice. Demonstrate theoretical and evidence-based foundation for practice. Demonstrate competence in planned change process. 0205922392 / 9780205922390 Social Work Practicum: A Guide and Workbook for Students Plus MySearchLab with eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of 0205239927 / 9780205239924 MySearchLab with Pearson eText -- Valuepack Access Card 0205848931 / 9780205848935 Social Work Practicum: A Guide and Workbook for Students

Book Social Work and Law

Download or read book Social Work and Law written by Sunny Harris Rome and published by Pearson College Division. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helping social workers understand how to operate within the complex legal environment. Social Work and Law exposes students to the ways in which social work and law intersect. Students will explore the judiciary's contributions to important social policy issues and the knowledge social workers need to effectively participate in the judicial process. An introductory unit presents basic legal concepts, describes the workings of the court system, and shares strategies for avoiding malpractice. The units that follow cover a variety of topics to give instructor's options for their course and allow students to study their interests. These topics include issues related to children, domestic violence, older adults, the death penalty, health, discrimination, LGBT rights, and the rights of students and immigrants. Upon completing this book readers will be able to: Understand how social workers operate within the complex legal environment Identify the role of law in shaping human experience and explore how competent social work practice can influence legal processes and outcomes Examine how law and social work intersect in relation to particular populations and fields of practice Assess the conformity of judicial decisions with social work values and ethics, while understanding the underpinnings of judicial decisions and why they might differ from social work decision-making Distinguish between case law and statutory law, understand the role of each, and recognize how their dynamic interaction contributes to the development of social policy

Book Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison  The  Subscription

Download or read book Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison The Subscription written by Jeffrey Reiman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrates the issue of economic inequality within the American justice system. The best-selling text, The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison contends that the criminal justice system is biased against the poor from start to finish. The authors argue that even before the process of arrest, trial, and sentencing, the system is biased against the poor in what it chooses to treat as crime. The authors show that numerous acts of the well-off--such as their refusal to make workplaces safe, refusal to curtail deadly pollution, promotion of unnecessary surgery, and prescriptions for unnecessary drugs--cause as much harm as the acts of the poor that are treated as crimes. However, the dangerous acts of the well-off are almost never treated as crimes, and when they are, they are almost never treated as severely as the crimes of the poor. Not only does the criminal justice system fail to protect against the harmful acts of well-off people, it also fails to remedy the causes of crime, such as poverty. This results in a large population of poor criminals in our prisons and in our media. The authors contend that the idea of crime as a work of the poor serves the interests of the rich and powerful while conveying a misleading notion that the real threat to Americans comes from the bottom of society rather than the top. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Examine the criminal justice system through the lens of the poor. Understand that much of what goes on in the criminal justice system violates one’s own sense of fairness. Morally evaluate the criminal justice system’s failures. Identify the type of legislature that is biased against the poor.

Book Strengths Perspective in Social Work Practice  the Plus Mysearchlab with Etext    Access Card Package

Download or read book Strengths Perspective in Social Work Practice the Plus Mysearchlab with Etext Access Card Package written by Dennis Saleebey and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2012-08-12 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that you select the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition, you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- A conceptual and practical presentation of the strengths perspective in social work. Part of Advancing Core Competencies Series, a unique series that helps students taking advanced social work courses apply CSWE's core competencies and practice behaviors examples to specialized fields of practice. The Strengths Perspective in Social Work Practice, 6/e, presents both conceptual and practical elements of the strengths perspective - from learning about and practicing the strengths perspective to using the strengths perspective with older adults, the chronically ill, and substance abusers. Many of the chapters- address recent events --from the tragic shooting in Tucson to the uprisings in the Middle East. Each chapter begins with a section from an expert in the field. Teaching & Learning Experience Personalize Learning -- MySocialWorkLab delivers proven results in helping students succeed, provides engaging experiences that personalize learning, and comes from a trusted partner with educational expertise and a deep commitment to helping students and instructors achieve their goals. Improve Critical Thinking -- Each chapter contains four critical thinking questions and two short essay questions that require the reader to apply key concepts. Engage Students -- Extensive case examples keep students interested and help them see a connection between theory and practice. Explore Current Issues -- Three new chapters have been added to reflect the most current knowledge in the field. Apply CSWE Core Competencies -- The text integrates the 2008 CSWE EPAS, with critical thinking questions and practice tests to assess student understanding and development of competencies and practice behaviors. Support Instructors -- PowerPoint presentations are available with this text. 0205084435 / 9780205084432 Strengths Perspective in Social Work Practice, The Plus MySearchLab with eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of 0205011543 / 9780205011544 Strengths Perspective in Social Work Practice, The 0205239927 / 9780205239924 MySearchLab with Pearson eText -- Valuepack Access Card

Book Introduction to Human Services

Download or read book Introduction to Human Services written by Michelle E. Martin and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides readers with an understanding of the Human Services Profession. Introduction to Human Services: Through the Eyes of Practice Settings, 3/e explores human services through the lens of the most common practice settings where human service professionals work. This title also provides information about social problems within a socio-political context allowing readers to think about ways in which culture and ideology influence people's perspectives. Standards for Excellence series -- Each chapter highlights the national standards set by the Council for Standards in Human Service Education (CSHSE). Critical thinking questions throughout reinforces this integration. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Understand the issues pertinent to human services from new perspectives. Challenge the status quo of human services. Recognize their own stereotypical thinking that may create barriers to becoming effective helpers.

Book Social Welfare

Download or read book Social Welfare written by June Axinn and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1982 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Social Work Policy Practice MySearchLab Access Code

Download or read book Social Work Policy Practice MySearchLab Access Code written by Dr Jessica A Ritter, Bsw, Mssw, PhD and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that youselect the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition,you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. --

Book From the Front Lines Mysearchlab With Pearson Etext Standalone Access Card

Download or read book From the Front Lines Mysearchlab With Pearson Etext Standalone Access Card written by Juliet C. Rothman and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that youselect the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition,you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- This access code card gives you access to all of MySearchLab's tools and resources, including a complete eText of your book. You can also buy immediate access to MySearchLab with Pearson eText online with a credit card atwww.mysearchlab.com. Provides students with a decision-making process for ethical issues. Now a part of the Core Competencies Series, From the Front Lines: Student Cases in Social Work Ethics, 4/e helps students develop a method of decision-making while providing examples with a number of case studies. Part One teaches readers the rationale for each part of the decision-making process and the tools needed to address it professionally. Part Two encompasses a thorough presentation and consideration of cases that address ethical dilemmas, issues, and problems which occur in social work practice. This text also encourages students to explore their own values and how they are used in everyday life as well as professionally. Connecting Core Competencies series -- Each chapter highlights the core competencies and practice behavior examples found in the Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards (EPAS) set by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). Critical thinking questions throughout reinforces these connections. MySearchLab.com activities enhance the student experience by integrating the mastery of CSWE's core competencies with practice and research. This text is available in a variety of formats — digital and print. Pearson offers its titles on the devices students love through Pearson's MyLab products, CourseSmart, Amazon, and more. To learn more about our programs, pricing options and customization, click the Choices tab. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers will be able to: Develop a method for decision making for ethical dilemmas, issues, and problems which occur in social work practice. Explore their own values. Relate their decision making to real world examples.

Book American Social Welfare Policy

Download or read book American Social Welfare Policy written by Howard Jacob Karger and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ALERT: Before you purchase, check with your instructor or review your course syllabus to ensure that you select the correct ISBN. Several versions of Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products exist for each title, including customized versions for individual schools, and registrations are not transferable. In addition, you may need a CourseID, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products. Packages Access codes for Pearson's MyLab & Mastering products may not be included when purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson; check with the seller before completing your purchase. Used or rental books If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code. Access codes Access codes that are purchased from sellers other than Pearson carry a higher risk of being either the wrong ISBN or a previously redeemed code. Check with the seller prior to purchase. -- Provides a balanced and comprehensive overview of social welfare policy in the United States. This text is part of the Connecting Core Competencies Series. American Social Welfare Policy: A Pluralist Approach, Brief Edition examines social welfare policy in the United States, and includes cutting-edge issues such as information on the 2008 presidential election, the economy, the housing bust, the passage of Proposition 8 in California, and much more. Teaching & Learning Experience Personalize Learning — MySearchLab delivers proven results in helping students succeed, provides engaging experiences that personalize learning, and comes from a trusted partner with educational expertise and a deep commitment to helping students and instructors achieve their goals. Improve Critical Thinking — Helps students sort out the major institutional actors within social welfare policy. Engage Students — Offers a user-friendly framework for policy analysis. Explore Current Issues — Information on Social Welfare Policy; the 2008 Election; Proposition 8; Economic issues. Apply CSWE Core Competencies — The text integrates the 2008 CSWE EPAS, with critical thinking questions and practice tests to assess student understanding and development of competency. Support Instructors — An Instructor's Manual and Test Bank, Computerized Test Bank (MyTest), BlackBoard Test Item File, MySearchLab with Pearson eText, and PowerPoint presentations are included in the outstanding supplements package. Note: MySearchLab does not come automatically packaged with this text. To purchase MySearchLab, please visit: www.mysearchlab.com or you can purchase a valuepack of the text + MySearchLab (at no additional cost): ValuePack ISBN-10: 0205223540 / ValuePack ISBN-13: 9780205223541

Book Experiencing Cities

Download or read book Experiencing Cities written by Mark Hutter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extraordinary text for undergraduate urban students is a reflection of Mark Hutter’s academic interests in urban sociology and his life-long passion for experiencing city life. His deep academic roots in the Chicago School of Sociology help inform and appreciate the variety of urban structures and processes and their effect on the everyday lives of people living in cities. This text, however, extends the Chicago School perspective by combining its traditions with a social psychological perspective derived from symbolic interaction and also with a macro-level examination of social organization, social change, stratification and power in the urban context, informed by political economy. This entirely new, 3rd Edition has a global outlook on city life, and a visual presentation unmatched among books in this genre.

Book Controversial Issues in Social Policy

Download or read book Controversial Issues in Social Policy written by Howard Jacob Karger and published by Allyn & Bacon. This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an edited collection of contemporary social policy debates argued between some of the foremost thinkers in the field of social work as well as prominent authors in other fields. The 18 debate topics included were selected to cover a wide range of professional interests in the field of social policy and are divided into three parts. The book stresses the importance of critical and independent thought in the educational process. Designed for anyone interested in social welfare policy, public policy and contemporary issues at both the undergraduate and graduate levels, the book features contemporary, up-to-the-minute debates by some of the top thinkers and policy analysts both inside and outside social work; and jargon-free debates that make the text easily accessible and interesting for students.

Book Understanding Social Welfare

Download or read book Understanding Social Welfare written by Ralph Dolgoff and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1984 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Social Welfare introduces readers to the issues, historical influences, trends, methods of operation, and unresolved conflicts of American social welfare. This well-organized, comprehensive, and scholarly book is accessible to social workers and helps them acquire the basic tools for understanding, analyzing, and evaluating social welfare policies and programs. The book focuses on the impact of social structure on people's lives, emphasizing the current concerns of a diverse client population, and incorporating the latest social welfare legislation. For those involved with social welfare and policy.

Book The African Experience

Download or read book The African Experience written by Vincent Khapoya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role that Africa has played on the world stage, the African Union, the African leaders' efforts to take care of their own problems and lessen their dependence on the United States and European countries.