Download or read book The Simian Tongue written by Gregory Radick and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1890s the theory of evolution gained an unexpected ally: the Edison phonograph. An amateur scientist used the new machine—one of the technological wonders of the age—to record monkey calls, play them back to the monkeys, and watch their reactions. From these soon-famous experiments he judged that he had discovered “the simian tongue,” made up of words he was beginning to translate, and containing the rudiments from which human language evolved. Yet for most of the next century, the simian tongue and the means for its study existed at the scientific periphery. Both returned to great acclaim only in the early 1980s, after a team of ethologists announced that experimental playback showed certain African monkeys to have rudimentarily meaningful calls. Drawing on newly discovered archival sources and interviews with key scientists, Gregory Radick here reconstructs the remarkable trajectory of a technique invented and reinvented to listen in on primate communication. Richly documented and powerfully argued, The Simian Tongue charts the scientific controversies over the evolution of language from Darwin’s day to our own, resurrecting the forgotten debts of psychology, anthropology, and other behavioral sciences to the Victorian debate about the animal roots of human language.
Download or read book Testing Hearing written by Viktoria Tkaczyk and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Testing Hearing: The Making of Modern Aurality argues that the modern cultural practices of hearing and testing have emerged from a long interrelationship. Since the early nineteenth century, auditory test tools (whether organ pipes or electronic tone generators) and the results of hearing tests have fed back into instrument calibration, human training, architecture, and the creation of new musical sounds. Hearing tests received a further boost around 1900 as a result of injury compensation laws and state and professional demands for aptitude testing in schools, conservatories, the military, and other fields. Applied at large scale, tests of seemingly small measure-of auditory acuity, of hearing range-helped redefine the modern concept of hearing as such. During the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the epistemic function of hearing expanded. Hearing took on the dual role of test object and test instrument; in the latter case, human hearing became a gauge by which to evaluate or regulate materials, nonhuman organisms, equipment, and technological systems. This book considers both the testing of hearing and testing with hearing to explore the co-creation of modern epistemic and auditory cultures. The book's twelve contributors trace the design of ever more specific tests for the arts, education and communication, colonial and military applications, sociopolitical and industrial endeavors. Together, they demonstrate that testing as such became an enduring and wide-ranging cultural technique in the modern period, one that is situated between histories of scientific experimentation and many fields of application.
Download or read book The Mind of the Child written by Sally Shuttleworth and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-08 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1840s novelists such as Brontë and Dickens began to explore the inner world of the child. Simultaneously the first psychiatric studies of childhood were appearing. Moving between literature and science, this book explores issues such as childhood fears, imaginary lands, sexuality, and the relation of the child to animal life
Download or read book The Correspondence of Charles Darwin Volume 22 1874 written by Charles Darwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 1055 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is part of the definitive edition of letters written by and to Charles Darwin, the most celebrated naturalist of the nineteenth century. Notes and appendixes put these fascinating and wide-ranging letters in context, making the letters accessible to both scholars and general readers. Darwin depended on correspondence to collect data from all over the world and to discuss his emerging ideas with scientific colleagues, many of whom he never met in person. The letters are published chronologically: volume 22 includes letters from 1874, the year in which Darwin completed his research on insectivorous plants and published second editions of Descent of Man and Coral Reefs. The year also saw an acrimonious dispute between Darwin and St George Jackson Mivart as a result of an anonymous review the latter had written in which he criticised Darwin's son George.
Download or read book New Media 1740 1915 written by Lisa Gitelman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cultural history of media that were "new media" in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries.
Download or read book The Athenaeum written by and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Athenaeum and Literary Chronicle written by James Silk Buckingham and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The academy written by and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Academy with which are Incorporated Literature and the English Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Principles of Orthodontia written by Alfred LeRoy Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychoanalysis of Technoscience written by Hub Zwart and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2019 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a psychoanalysis of technoscience. Basic concepts and methods developed by Freud, Jung, Bachelard and Lacan are applied to case histories (palaeoanthropology, classical conditioning, virology). Rather than by disinterested curiosity, technoscience is driven by desire, resistance and the will to control. Moreover, psychoanalysis focusses on primal scenes (Dubois' quest for the missing link, Pavlov's discovery of the conditioned reflex) and opts for triangulation: comparing technoscience to "different scenes" provided by novels, so that Dubois's work is compared to missing link novels by Verne and London and Pavlov's experiments with Skinner's Walden Two, while virology is studied through the lens of viral fiction.
Download or read book The Antiquity of Man written by Sir Arthur Keith and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial comparisons, theory of origin; discussion on Talgai skull.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book English Fiction and the Evolution of Language 1850 1914 written by Will Abberley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Victorian science changed language from a tool into a natural phenomenon, evolving independently of its speakers. Will Abberley explores how science and fiction interacted in imagining different stories of language evolution. Popular narratives of language progress clashed with others of decay and degeneration. Furthermore, the blurring of language evolution with biological evolution encouraged Victorians to re-imagine language as a mixture of social convention and primordial instinct. Abberley argues that fiction by authors such as Charles Kingsley, Thomas Hardy and H. G. Wells not only reflected these intellectual currents, but also helped to shape them. Genres from utopia to historical romance supplied narrative models for generating thought experiments in the possible pasts and futures of language. Equally, fiction that explored the instinctive roots of language intervened in debates about language standardisation and scientific objectivity. These textual readings offer new perspectives on twenty-first-century discussions about language evolution and the language of science.
Download or read book The Living Age written by and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book English Mechanic and Mirror of Science and Art written by and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Scientific Method written by Henry M. Cowles and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising history of the scientific method—from an evolutionary account of thinking to a simple set of steps—and the rise of psychology in the nineteenth century. The idea of a single scientific method, shared across specialties and teachable to ten-year-olds, is just over a hundred years old. For centuries prior, science had meant a kind of knowledge, made from facts gathered through direct observation or deduced from first principles. But during the nineteenth century, science came to mean something else: a way of thinking. The Scientific Method tells the story of how this approach took hold in laboratories, the field, and eventually classrooms, where science was once taught as a natural process. Henry M. Cowles reveals the intertwined histories of evolution and experiment, from Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection to John Dewey’s vision for science education. Darwin portrayed nature as akin to a man of science, experimenting through evolution, while his followers turned his theory onto the mind itself. Psychologists reimagined the scientific method as a problem-solving adaptation, a basic feature of cognition that had helped humans prosper. This was how Dewey and other educators taught science at the turn of the twentieth century—but their organic account was not to last. Soon, the scientific method was reimagined as a means of controlling nature, not a product of it. By shedding its roots in evolutionary theory, the scientific method came to seem far less natural, but far more powerful. This book reveals the origin of a fundamental modern concept. Once seen as a natural adaptation, the method soon became a symbol of science’s power over nature, a power that, until recently, has rarely been called into question.
