Download or read book The Shenyang Smelter written by William A. Byrd and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1985 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This case study focuses on the serious problems faced by a large Chinese nonferrous metals smelter and how the plant responded to them. The most important problems were an increasingly disadvantageous location and a "multi-headed leadership system." Tentative conclusions of the study may be applicable to Chinese industry as a whole: (1) Reform implementation is difficult and reforms tend to be more ineffective in a chronic shortage situation where there are strong incentives for backward integration. Under these conditions administrative demarcation of enterprises, goods, and activities can become a source of inefficiency. (3) The choice between importing and domestic production should be based on a careful economic evaluation, and not on a one-sided desire for self-sufficiency, biased incentives to export, administrative fragmentation, and other factors. (4) An indiscriminate policy of technical renovation in existing enterprises is inappropriate if the enterprise receiving the new investment and technology is not in a fundamentally sound position with respect to location, scale, material supplies, energy, etc. (5) There is the danger that administrative reorganization just degenerates into reshuffling.

Download or read book Chinese Industrial Firms Under Reform written by William A. Byrd and published by World Bank. This book was released on 1992 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforms transformed the operating environment, financial arrangements, business and administrative relationships, and internal structure and motivation of Chinese state-owned industrial enterprises during the 1980s. This book, based on a collaborative research project between the World Bank and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyses these changes and their impact on enterprise behaviour and performance from the perspective of individual firms, through a series of detailed case studies. Themes emerging from this study include: the importance of market conditions in influencing enterprise actions; mandatory production planning as a serious obstacle to reforms and efficiency improvements; administrative influence over the permissable scope of enterprise activities and resulting problems; and the role of workers' interests in forming enterprise objectives.

Download or read book Minerals Yearbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Market Mechanism and Economic Reforms in China written by William Byrd and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-04 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This theoretical and empirical study of market-oriented reforms in Chinese industry since the late 1970s focuses on the expansion of the market mechanism in the allocation of industrial products and the concurrent decline of directive planning - a strategy that is a crucial component of the ambitious overall reform "package" that Chinese reformers are trying to implement. The expanding role of Chinese industrial goods has had major implications for the functioning and importance of planning which, the author argues, has become largely irrelevant in terms of direct control over short-term allocation.

Download or read book Journal of the National Cancer Institute written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contrasting Styles of Industrial Reform written by George Rosen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since World War II, China has had a command economy administered under a dictatorship, while India's democracy has introduced a highly regulated economy. Despite obvious differences in their political systems, each country endured remarkably similar economic problems with respect to industry during the 1960s and 1970s. Both embarked in the 1980s on a series of industrial reforms designed to improve technology and efficiency in the use of resources, as well as to stimulate industrial growth in the face of declining productivity. For economists, the two countries offer an interesting test case for examining similar reform programs launched from disparate political and economic systems. For policymakers concerned with the region's stability, a clear view of the economic futures of these two major powers is paramount. Examining and comparing the reform experiences of China and India up to the present, George Rosen shows that although China enacted more sweeping reform measures and produced more impressive local growth, it also experienced more significant inflationary spurts. Two-thirds of each nation's population was involved in agriculture at the start of the reform period and nearly that many at the conclusion. Ultimately, the effects of the past industrial reforms in both countries in terms of significantly greater industrial employment or well-being of their populations were limited. An important lesson in these findings, argues Rosen, is that they actually reveal more about the political factors that limit and shape economic policy reforms in a dictatorship or democracy than they confirm the virtues of either capitalism or communism.

Download or read book A Study of Cuba s Material Product System Its Conversion to the System of National Accounts and Estimation of Gross Domestic Product Per Capita and Growth Rates written by Carmelo Mesa-Lago and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book World Bank Staff Working Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book World Bank Staff Working Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Export Incentives and Turkish Manufactured Exports 1980 1984 written by Branko Milanović and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy written by Xu Kuangdi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 2429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Chinese Worker After Socialism written by William Hurst and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-05 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating study considers the fate of 35 million workers laid off from the state-owned sector in China.

Download or read book Smelting Reduction for Iron Making written by A. K. Jouhari and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The People s Republic of China written by Kung-ping Wang and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Lessons from China s Forty Years of Reform and Opening up written by David Daokui Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book first shows that the past 40 years of China's economic reform and opening up represents the greatest magnitude of economic growth in history. Based on field trips, extensive and intensive interviews and literature surveys, this book argues that there are five general lessons for a rapid growing economy from China's economic reform and opening up, all in the area of the relationship between the government and the economy. First, the local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid entry and development of enterprises. Second, local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid land conversion from agricultural to non-agricultural. Third, financial deepening is vital; that is, inducing households to hold more and more financial assets in local currency. Financial deepening is essential to convert savings into investments. This requires financial stability, which is crucial. Fourth, the learning through opening up is the key to endogenous economic growth. The fundamental benefit of opening up is learning rather than enjoying comparative advantage. The fifth and final lesson from China is that the central government must proactively manage the macroeconomy. The rationale is that enterprises compete with each other in games of industrial organization. In order to resolve this problem, proactive measures including market-oriented means, administrative orders and reform measures should be implemented. Overall, the main lesson from China's past 40 years of reform and opening up is that proper incentives and behavior of the government, local and central, are important for economic growth. China has been conducting reforms in this regard and as a result, the government more or less has been playing the role of a "helping hand" regarding economic growth, although China's economic system is far from perfect and many reforms are still needed.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design written by John J. McKetta Jr and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-09-02 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Z-Factor (Gas Compressibility) to Errors Zone Refining

Download or read book Old Industrial Cities Seeking New Road of Industrialization written by Mark Wang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of market economy and competition from rapidly growing coastal areas, Northeast China became the burden to China's overall economic development. With a high concentration of state-owned heavy industries, cities in this region suffered from heavy losses in revenue and massive layoffs of millions of former state-owned enterprise workers, known as the "Northeast Phenomenon" or "Neo-Northeast Phenomenon". The once towering economic giant was down. Such a "phenomenon" is not uncommon in other "rust belt" regions in industrialized economies. However, since the implementation of the Chinese Government's "Revitalisation Strategy of Northeast China" in 2003, cities in Northeast China have gone through various transformations.