Download or read book The Separation of Platinum Palladium Rhodium and Gold from Ores and Concentrates by Aqua Regia Extraction and by High temperature Chlorination Followed by Acid Leaching written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the outset of the investigations into the recovery and analysis of the noble metals, it was realized that the absence of any internationally recognized standard platinum ore, although not hampering relative studies of the variables affecting such factors as recovery, would present a problem in the determination of absolute values for samples. The need for comparative data was therefore of paramount importance, the inference being that a high recovery is synonymous with a higher collection efficiency and would possibly indicate where further work was required to increase the efficiency of collection of noble metals by simpler procedures. Two possible alternatives to the collection of noble metals by fire-assay techniques are chlorine roasting followed by acid extraction, and a straight aqua regia attack of ores. It was hoped that these two procedures would reduce or eliminate the losses which are known to occur at the various stages in the fire-assay procedure. Both these procedures were examined at the National Institute for Metallurgy (NIM) for their applicability to ores from the Merensky Reef. At that stage of the investigations no analyses were carried out for ruthenium, iridium, and osmium because methods of suitable sensitivity were not available. However, as platinum and palladium are the major noble-metal constituents of Merensky Reef ores, these omissions are perhaps of relatively little consequence. The value of this investigation lies in the fact that, although the acid-extraction and chlorination and roasting procedures have little to commend them for routine analysis, the results obtained do show that, with the possible exception of platinum, the recoveries from the types of samples examined are comparable with those obtained by nickel sulphide collection, suggesting that these recoveries may represent the true values for these samples. Unfortunately, no radiochemical tests have been satisfactorily carried out to determine the losses of platinum at the various stages of the nickel sulphide collection procedure. Some tests have been carried out on the refusing of combined slags from several samples of Merensky ore. Small amounts of noble metals were recovered, and that for platinum amounted to only 2 to 3 per cent of the content or ca one-third of the difference between the recoveries from the nickel sulphide and chlorination methods. Until radiochemical tests have been done as confirmation of the level of the losses, this anomaly must remain. The results obtained by the two extraction procedures are generally in agreement with those obtained by the fire-assay techniques. The main exception being the recovery of platinum which tends to be higher by the extraction technique and markedly so in the case of the ore. The aqua regia extraction of chromite samples results in low recoveries of all the noble metals except platinum. Closest agreement to the extraction results is by the nickel sulphide collection procedure.

Download or read book Joernaal Van Die Suid Afrikaanse Chemiese Instituut written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recovery of Platinum Palladium and Gold from Stillwater Complex Flotation Concentrate by a Roasting leaching Procedure written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bureau of Mines devised a procedure for selectively extracting platinum-group metals (PGM) and gold from Stillwater Complex flotation concentrate. The Stillwater Complex is the only major U.S. PGM resource. Development of a suitable extraction technique will contribute to its exploitation. The concentrate was roasted at 1,050° C to convert host base-metal sulfides to oxides and the PGM from sulfide minerals to their elemental states. The roasted concentrate was preleached with dilute sulfuric acid to remove easily soluble gangue minerals. After pre-leaching, the concentrate was slurried with 6M HCI and leached at ambient temperature and pressure with a strong-oxidizing agent. Hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, nitric acid, and a persulfate salt were the oxidants investigated. The two-stage leaching scheme ex-tracted up to 97 pct of the platinum, 92 pct of the palladium, and 99 pct of the gold from the roasted concentrate. The base metals were not solubilized and reported to the residue. No attempt was made to devise a procedure to recover the copper and nickel because they comprise less than 5 pct of the value of the concentrate. Viable techniques for recovering the precious metals from the pregnant solution were sulfide precipitation, cementation with nickel, or adsorption on activated carbon.

Download or read book List of Unrestricted Mintek Publications Issued from 1966 to 1982 written by Helena Wilhelmina Glen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication lists the 834 unrestricted reports, 449 papers, 41 patents, and 4 other technical publications that were issued as publications of the National Institute for Metallurgy (NIM) and the Council for Mineral Technology (Mintek) from 1966 (the year of NIM's inception) to 31st December, 1982. For ease of reference, these publications are also classified under research topics. Also included are details of the periodical issued by Mintek and a list of its current miscellaneous publications, which include the annual report, and brochures and leaflets of various kinds.

Download or read book The Coprecipitation of Noble Metals with Tellurium written by Ildiko Palmer and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods for the Recovery of Platinum Iridium Palladium Gold and Silver from Jewelers Waste written by Charles Wesley Davis and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improved Process for the Separation and Purification of Platinum Group Metals and Gold written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention provides a process for the separation and purification of platinum, palladium and/or gold by means of solvent extraction. A high molecular weight tertiary or quaternary amine solvent is used to extract the anionic chloro complexes from the aqueous feed. Any secondary PGM's in the aqueous feed are hydrolysed to complexes which are neutral or cationic. This conditioning is done by boiling 3 to 4 hours below pH 3. The loaded solvent is scrubbed with acid. Palladium and/or gold is stripped with thiourea solution and perchlorite solution is used to strip the platinum but thiocyanate can also be used. Alternatively dilute perchlorite can be used to strip platinum, strong perchlorite for palladium and the gold is then stripped with sodium carbonate solution. Further claims specified the use of resins instead of solvents but no resin details specified. Solvent used most was 5% alamine 336 in solves 150. Other claims included precipitating palladium in strip solution with ethylene and platinum with hydrogen.

Download or read book Separation of Platinum Group Metals and Gold written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention relates to the separation of palladium and/or gold from other PGM's and base metals and/or from each other. With the metals in hydrochloric acid medium it was found that a solvent extractant, di-n-octyl sulphide, extracted only Pd and Au and that whilst the Au was extracted rapidly into the organic phase, the Pd was extracted very slowly. Other effective solvents were found all having functional groups of the formulae R1-S-R where R1 and R may be the same or different each having a carbon atom linked directly to the sulphur atom, R and R1 are independent of each other, are amyl alkyl or aralkyl groups with not more than 20 carbon atoms in each case. The active extractant is carried in an organic diluent (solvesso). Stripping of the gold and/or palladium is done with an acidic solution of thio-urea or palladium alone may be stripped with aqueous ammonia and the gold subsequently stripped with a basic solution of sodium sulphate. Typical solvents used are di-n-decyl sulphide, di-n-hexyl sulphide, methyl-n-hexyl sulphide, tertiary butyl - decyl - sulphide. Iron may be removed from the loaded organic phase by washing with 0,1M HCl. Very high purity Pd can be obtained by stripping loaded organic with concentrated aqueous ammonia. Some of the solvents extract the gold rapidly and can be used as preferential gold extractants. In this case it is critical to effect the organic aqueous separation before extraction of the Pd and back extraction of gold commences.

Download or read book Resource Recovery and Recycling from Metallurgical Wastes written by S.R. Ramachandra Rao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resource recovery and recycling from millions of tons of wastes produced from industrial activities is a continuing challenge for environmental engineers and researchers. Demand for conservation of resources, reduction in the quantity of waste and sustainable development with environmental control has been growing in every part of the world. Resource Recovery and Recycling from Metallurgical Wastes brings together the currently used techniques of waste processing and recycling, their applications with practical examples and economic potentials of the processes. Emphasis is on resource recovery by appropriate treatment and techniques. Material on the subject is scatterend in waste management and environmental related journals, conference volumes and government departmental technical reports. This work serves as a source book of information and as an educational technical reference for practicing scientists and engineers, as well as for students. Describes the currently used and potential techniques for the recovery of valuable resources from mineral and metallurgical wastes Discusses the applications to specific kinds of wastes with examples from current practices, as well as eht economics of the processes Presents recent and emerging technologies of potentials in metal recycling and by-product utilization

Download or read book The Extractive Metallurgy of Gold written by John C. Yannopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of gold begins in antiquity. Bits of gold were found in Spanish caves that were used by Paleolithic people around 40,000 B.C. Gold is the "child of Zeus," wrote the Greek poet Pindar. The Romans called the yellow metal aurum ("shining dawn"). Gold is the first element and first metal mentioned in the Bible, where it appears in more than 400 references. This book provides the most thorough and up-to-date information available on the extraction of gold from its ores, starting with the miner alogy of gold ores and ending with details of refining. Each chapter con cludes with a list of references including full publication information for all works cited. Sources preceded by an asterisk (*) are especially recom mended for more in-depth study. Nine appendices, helpful to both students and operators, complement the text. I have made every attempt to keep abreast of recent technical literature on the extraction of gold. Original publications through the spring of 1989 have been reviewed and cited where appropriate. This book is intended as a reference for operators, managers, and designers of gold mills and for professional prospectors. It is also designed as a textbook for extractive metallurgy courses. I am indebted to the Library of Engineering Societies in New York, which was the main source of the references in the book. The assistance of my son, Panos, in typing the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged.

Download or read book Laboratory Method No 78 29 the Determination of Platinum Palladium Rhodium and Gold in Ores and Concentrates by the Fusion Technique with Lead as the Collector written by E. van Wyk and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing Energy and Environmental Technologies written by Shijie Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection offers new research findings, innovations, and industrial technological developments in extractive metallurgy, energy and environment, and materials processing. Technical topics included in the book are thermodynamics and kinetics of metallurgical reactions, electrochemical processing of materials, plasma processing of materials, composite materials, ionic liquids, thermal energy storage, energy efficient and environmental cleaner technologies and process modeling. These topics are of interest not only to traditional base ferrous and non-ferrous metal industrial processes but also to new and upcoming technologies, and they play important roles in industrial growth and economy worldwide.

Download or read book Separation of Platinum Palladium Rhodium and Iridium by Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange written by Audrey Sybil Lee and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Gold Ore Processing written by Mike D. Adams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-02 with total page 1077 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gold processing industry is experiencing change. As free-milling and oxide ores become depleted, more complex polymetallic and refractory ores are being processed, coupled with increasing pressure for stricter environmental compliance. Recent years have also seen a steady reduction in mineral processing and metallurgy graduates and a gradual loss of older operating experience. A contribution to documenting current and future best practice in gold ore processing seems timely. The focus of this volume is on advances in current gold plant operation, from conception to closure; chapters also cover innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage. Sufficient coverage is also given to the chemistry and engineering aspects. The general principle behind the structure of the volume is that of flowsheeting based on unit operations and applied to a mineralogical classification of gold ore types. From concept to closure, this book covers all unit operations, mineralogies and processes that are relevant to dealing with today's complex orebodies. Practical experience is vital to the successful development, operation and closure of any operation. The 42 chapters have been contributed by a total of 66 authors and co-authors who are experts from countries spanning the globe, and representing exhaustive practical knowledge covering many disciplines relevant to gold processing. * Current best practice as elucidated by a select panel of experts in the field* Innovations at the bench and pilot-scale level that would be expected to find commercial application at some stage* Mineralogical-based approach to flowsheeting

Download or read book Rare Metal Technology 2020 written by Gisele Azimi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Rare metals include strategic metals that are in increasing demand and subject to supply risks. Metals represented include neodymium, dysprosium, scandium and others; platinum group metals including platinum, palladium, iridium, and others; battery related metals including lithium, cobalt, nickel, and aluminum; electronics-related materials including copper and gold; and refectory metals including titanium, niobium, zirconium, and hafnium. Other critical materials such as gallium, germanium, indium and silicon are also included. Papers cover various processing techniques, including but not limited to hydrometallurgy (solvent extraction, ion exchange, precipitation, and crystallization), electrometallurgy (electrorefining and electrowinning), pyrometallurgy, and aeriometallurgy (supercritical fluid extraction). Contributions are focused on primary production as well as secondary production through urban mining and recycling to enable a circular economy. ​A useful resource for all involved in commodity metal production, irrespective of the major metal Provides knowledge of cross-application among industries Extraction and processing of rare metals that are the main building block of many emerging critical technologies have been receiving significant attention in recent years. The technologies that rely on critical metals are prominent worldwide, and finding a way to extract and supply them effectively is highly desirable and beneficial.

Download or read book Materials Handbook written by François Cardarelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-19 with total page 1365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and practical book provides quick and easy access to data on the physical and chemical properties of all classes of materials. The second edition has been much expanded to include whole new families of materials while many of the existing families are broadened and refined with new material and up-to-date information. Particular emphasis is placed on the properties of common industrial materials in each class. Detailed appendices provide additional information, and careful indexing and a tabular format make the data quickly accessible. This book is an essential tool for any practitioner or academic working in materials or in engineering.

Download or read book A Process for the Treatment of Platinum Group Metals and Gold written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention covers a process for treating precious metal concentrates PGM + Au + Ag and also containing base metals etc. such as matte leach residues by forming an alloy of aluminium and precious metals and recovering at least the majority of the precious metals in solution by a suitable leaching technique. As the separation of precious metals from each other is usually a hydrometallurgical operation a primary requirement is to get them into solution. The inventors' primary objective was to dissolve the entire concentrate or residue and selectively separate the solutes rather than use the classical selective leaching techniques. The process became known within Mintek as the Aluminothermic Process. The concentrates are fused (1000 degrees C) with aluminium in inert gas atmosphere to form an alloy which is subjected to one or more primary leaches to remove base metals (eg 200 gpl H2SO4). Thereafter an HCl/Cl2 leach dissolves almost all the PGM. The process works equally well for OPM (secondary PGM) concentrates (Ru, Rh and Ir) resulting from the classical lead loop technique where the residue from an aqua regia leach, of a primary concentrate, (which has removed some of the Pt and Pd and Au) is fused with litharge and a reductant to form a lead alloy. The lead is dissolved out with nitric acid and the residue treated with aqua regia which dissolves almost all of the Pd and Pt. The aqua regia leach residue containing the refractory OPM's is then treated with the aluminothermic process. Various alternative pyrometallurgical routes can be used depending on the percentage PGM in the concentrates and the types and quantities of base metal impurities eg low PGM concentrate with high base metals and silica would preferably be alloyed with iron which in turn would be alloyed with aluminium.