Download or read book The Sensitivity of Double Base Propellant Burning Rate to Initial Temperature written by Richard C. Strittmater and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Parr-Crawford, overlapping zone, model of double base propellant combustion, has been programmed for the fizz burning process. Burning rate, surface temperature, and maximum fizz zone temperature are measured at nominal range conditions (1 atm, 293 K) for a given propellant and used in the model to determine the pre-exponential factors in the two Arrhenius reaction rate equations. The values of these two factors are then held constant as initial temperature and pressure are varied. From these solutions, points on the curves of constant initial temperature (To) are plotted on a graph of the log burning rate (r) vs log pressure (p). From these graphs it can be observed from the slope and spacing of the lines whether a burning rate law of the form r = Co exp(oTo)pn can be used to systematize the model solutions; i.e., if the lines are straight and the vertical distance between lines is proportional to the difference in initial temperature, the n and o can be given constant values. In this equation, n is the burning rate exponent and is equal to the slope of the lines. If all the initial temperature dependence is concentrated in the exponential term, then o can be defined as the initial temperature sensitivity of the burning rate. Co then depends only on propellant composition.
Download or read book The Steady State Burning Rate of Double base Solid Propellants at Low Pressures and Various Initial Temperatures written by Donald Lee Clary and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Flameless Combustion Mechanism of M 2 Double base Propellant written by Cecil Eugene Kirby and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat of reaction for flameless combustion of M-2 double-base propellant /20 percent nitroglycerin 77 percent nitrocellulose, 3 percent other ingredients/ at varying pressures.
Download or read book Propellants and Explosives written by Naminosuke Kubota and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2002-03-19 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propellants and explosives and contain considerable chemical energy that can be converted into rapid expansion. In contrast to the simple burning of a fuel, explosives and propellants are self-contained and do not need an external supply of oxygen via air. Since their energy content inherently creates the risk of accidental triggering of the explosive reaction, the correct synthesis, formulation, and handling during production and use are of utmost importance for safety, necessitating specialist knowledge on energetic materials, their characteristics, handling and applications.
Download or read book The Effect of Acceleration on the Burning Rates of Composite and Double Base Solid Propellants written by David W. Netzer and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses four experimental investigations: (1) The effect of propellant strand size on the experimentally measured burning rate at various acceleration levels; (2) an investigation of the effect of initial propellant temperature on acceleration induced burning rate augmentation; (3) an investigation of the effect of nominal burning rate on acceleration induced burning rate augmentation; and (4) a photographic investigation of augmented burning rate. Significance of the investigation and a brief review of the literature are presented.
Download or read book Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants written by Luigi De Luca and published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics). This book was released on 1992 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of External Thermal Radiation on the Burning Rate of Double Base Solid Propellants Steady Stimulus written by M. M. Ibiricu and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model has been developed that describes the thermal interaction of an externally applied radiant energy flux with the combustion zone of a burning homogeneous solid propellant. It is shown that only the radiation reaching the propellant surface, and absorbed within the solid phase, can effectively induce burning rate augmentation. Many conditions have been investigated in detail, including the limiting cases of solid-phase surface absorption and deep in-depth absorption with heat generation. This extensive examination has permitted the identification of the necessary conditions for treating the effect of radiation as an increase in the initial propellant temperature. The conditions at which such an equivalence principle is not applicable have also been identified. By extension of the theory, important subsidiary effects on temperature sensitivity have been identified, particularly the role of stabilizers and other propellant ingredients.
Download or read book Combustion of Solid Propellants written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Composite Solid Propellant Burning Rate Temperature Sensitivity written by Duane Arnold Baker and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sensitivity of Burning Rate to Initial Temperature for a Binary Magnesium Sodium Nitrate Mix written by Richard C. Strittmater and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The temperature sensitivity of the burning rate of a mixture of magnesium and sodium nitrate (60/40 by weight) was determined at 0.1 and 1.0 MPa. The temperature sensitivity was 0.0021/K and 0.0028/K at 0.1 MPa and 1.0 MPa, respectively. A standard JANNAF composite propellant illustrated the same trend in temperature sensitivity with increasing pressure leading one to suggest the models used for composite propellant combustion are the starting point for modeling pyrotechnic combustion. Analysis of various combustion models suggests the dependence of temperature sensitivity with initial temperature as an additional tool to determine the capability of various models to describe combustion. At present the temperature sensitivity is assumed to be independent of initial temperature; experiments need to be performed over large temperature intervals in order to test this hypothesis. Pyrotechnics offer an attractive test case, since the initial temperature of a pyrotechnic can be raised to nearly 1000K before decomposition of the oxidizer or phase changes take place. (Author).
Download or read book Characterization of Burning Rate Temperature Sensitivity and Stability Behavior of AP based Composite Propellants and A Comparison of Thermal Behavior of Ultra fine Aluminum Alex Made from Plasma Explosion Process with Regular Aluminum Powders written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Part 1 of this investigation, the combustion behavior of two AP-based propellants (one aluminized and one non-aluminized) were characterized in terms of their burning rate, temperature sensitivity, and Novozhilov stability parameters. The range of pressures and initial temperatures was 1.51 to 28.7 MPa and -60 to 90 "C, respectively. The temperature sensitivities of these propellants were determined. Arrhenius form of burning rate laws were also determined for both propellants. Burning surface temperatures were correlated as a linear function of pressure with variable coefficients dependent upon initial temperature. Stability analysis indicated that both propellants were stable except for a very small region of low pressure and initial temperature for the non-aluminized propellant. In Part 2 of this investigation, the thermal behavior of ultra-fine aluminum particles (called ALEX) made by plasma explosion process was examined. A DTA and TGA were used to compare the thermal behavior of Alex as compared to conventionally used aluminum. Results indicated that the Alex is a highly reactive with nitrogen in comparison with regular aluminum. This indicates a nitridation reaction is an important consideration in the combustion of Alex in propellant formulations. A large exotherm was shown for Alex in a nitrogen environment indicating the completion of the nitridation reaction around 660 deg C; however, this exotherm was not shown for the regular aluminum.
Download or read book The Mechanism of Super rate Burning of Catalyzed Double Base Propellants written by Naminosuke Kubota and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study is directed at understanding how organic lead salts (at the 1% level) alter the burning mechanisms of double base propellants to produce large (up to 300%) burning rate increases (super-rate burning) and domains of reduced burning rate pressure and temperature sensitivity (plateau burning). Investigations were carried out with nitrocellulose and trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN) double base propellants with systematic variations in additives (including lead powder, lead oxide, lead salicylate, copper powder, copper salicylate, finely divided carbon, and oxamide), particle size, and degree of dispersion. Diagnostic experiments (from 0.1 to 100 atm) examined burning rate behavior, gas-phase structure, burning-surface structure, temperature profiles in the reaction zones, and global effects. The portion of decomposed organic molecules which appears at the surface in the form of carbon rather than readily oxidizable aldehydes reduce the effective fuel to oxidizer ratio (aldehyde to NO2).
Download or read book Applications of Turbulent and Multiphase Combustion written by Kenneth Kuan-yun Kuo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hands-on, integrated approach to solving combustion problems in diverse areas An understanding of turbulence, combustion, and multiphase reacting flows is essential for engineers and scientists in many industries, including power genera-tion, jet and rocket propulsion, pollution control, fire prevention and safety, and material processing. This book offers a highly practical discussion of burning behavior and chemical processes occurring in diverse materials, arming readers with the tools they need to solve the most complex combustion problems facing the scientific community today. The second of a two-volume work, Applications of Turbulent and Multiphase Combustion expands on topics involving laminar flames from Professor Kuo's bestselling book Principles of Combustion, Second Edition, then builds upon the theory discussed in the companion volume Fundamentals of Turbulent and Multiphase Combustion to address in detail cutting-edge experimental techniques and applications not covered anywhere else. Special features of this book include: Coverage of advanced applications such as solid propellants, burning behavior, and chemical boundary layer flows A multiphase systems approach discussing basic concepts before moving to higher-level applications A large number of practical examples gleaned from the authors' experience along with problems and a solutions manual Engineers and researchers in chemical and mechanical engineering and materials science will find Applications of Turbulent and Multiphase Combustion an indispensable guide for upgrading their skills and keeping up with this rapidly evolving area. It is also an excellent resource for students and professionals in mechanical, chemical, and aerospace engineering.
Download or read book Nonsteady Burning and Combustion Stability of Solid Propellants written by Martin Summerfield and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Transport Properties in the Primary Gas phase Combustion Zone of Double base Propellant written by Martin S. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economies in both time and expense can be achieved in the design of propelling charges for guns by the use of mathematical models of the interior ballistic cycle. Continued development of such models is impeded by the need to describe the kinetics controlling the propellant heat release in a more realistic way. Work toward this goal has thus far shown that the use of overall reactions to describe flames with complex kinetics can preserve the key thermal features of the flame such as the temperature and heat release profiles and flame speed. A method has also been developed for determining the kinetic parameters of this overall reaction from a temperature profile measured in the combustion wave. The kinetics extraction technique, however, requires knowledge of the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the gas mixture through the zone of heat release. Uncertainties in these transport properties stem from uncertainties in the molecular composition in the combustion zones of propellants. This study assesses the probable error in best estimates of the transport parameters and determines how this error propagates through the kinetics extraction technique and into a calculation of the burning rate based on the derived kinetics. The resultant errors turn out to be modest, and a major effort to measure the molecular composition for this purpose does not appear warranted at present.
