Download or read book The Semantic Turn written by Klaus Krippendorff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-21 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responding to cultural demands for meaning, user-friendliness, and fun as well as the opportunities of the emerging information society, The Semantic Turn boldly outlines a new science for design that gives designers previously unavailable grounds on which to state their claims and validate their designs. It sets the stage by reviewing the h

Download or read book A User s Guide to Thought and Meaning written by Ray Jackendoff and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A User's Guide to Thought and Meaning presents a profound and arresting integration of the faculties of the mind - of how we think, speak, and see the world. Ray Jackendoff starts out by looking at languages and what the meanings of words and sentences actually do. He shows that meanings are more adaptive and complicated than they're commonly given credit for, and he is led to some basic questions: How do we perceive and act in the world? How do we talk about it? And how can the collection of neurons in the brain give rise to conscious experience? As it turns out, the organization of language, thought, and perception does not look much like the way we experience things, and only a small part of what the brain does is conscious. Jackendoff concludes that thought and meaning must be almost completely unconscious. What we experience as rational conscious thought - which we prize as setting us apart from the animals - in fact rides on a foundation of unconscious intuition. Rationality amounts to intuition enhanced by language. Written with an informality that belies both the originality of its insights and the radical nature of its conclusions, A User's Guide to Thought and Meaning is the author's most important book since the groundbreaking Foundations of Language in 2002.

Download or read book The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap written by Alberto Coffa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: J. Albert Coffa traces the roots of logical positivism in a semantic tradition that arose in opposition to Kant's theory that a priori knowledge is based on pure intuition.

Download or read book Thomist Realism and the Linguistic Turn written by John P. O’Callaghan and published by University of Notre Dame Pess. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers will be richly rewarded by reading John O’Callaghan’s new book, Thomistic Realism and the Linguistic Turn. Based on his broad knowledge of Aristotle and Aquinas, O’Callaghan provides not only an excellent treatment of Aquinas’s epistemology but also a superb demonstration of just how Aquinas might contribute to contemporary debates. Traditionally, the camps of realism and idealism fiercely engaged one another in the field of epistemology. Thomists participated in confronting idealism from their unique realist position. Post-Wittgenstein, the conflict has been dominated by a form of epistemology that grounds all knowledge in linguistic practice. Since Thomists work in a textual and historical mode, their response to the technical approach of the analytic philosophy in which most of the linguistic epistemologists write has been slow in coming. O’Callaghan expertly closes that gap by successfully bringing together these fields.

Download or read book Modification written by Marcin Morzycki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible guide to the linguistic semantics of adjectives, adverbs, gradability, vagueness, comparatives, and modification more generally.

Download or read book Explorer s Guide to the Semantic Web written by Thomas B. Passin and published by Manning Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complex series of extensions to the World Wide Web, the Semantic Web's purpose is to make data and services far more accessible to computers and far more useful for people than the web we know today. Written for developers and programmers, this guide seeks to acquaint these users with the basic technologies and their interrelations that will be likely to play key roles in the Semantic Web. Covered are key technology areas such as knowledge modeling (RDF, Topic Maps), agents (DAML, FIPA), and Trust and Authentication. A basic conceptual approach is taken so that developers and programmers with a wide range of backgrounds and interests come to understand the essential nature of these areas, how they work, and something about some specific technologies that are being used or proposed. Important points are illustrated with diagrams and code fragments to help develop a familiarity with these Semantic Web initiatives.

Download or read book Computational approaches to semantic change written by Nina Tahmasebi and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semantic change — how the meanings of words change over time — has preoccupied scholars since well before modern linguistics emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century, ushering in a new methodological turn in the study of language change. Compared to changes in sound and grammar, semantic change is the least understood. Ever since, the study of semantic change has progressed steadily, accumulating a vast store of knowledge for over a century, encompassing many languages and language families. Historical linguists also early on realized the potential of computers as research tools, with papers at the very first international conferences in computational linguistics in the 1960s. Such computational studies still tended to be small-scale, method-oriented, and qualitative. However, recent years have witnessed a sea-change in this regard. Big-data empirical quantitative investigations are now coming to the forefront, enabled by enormous advances in storage capability and processing power. Diachronic corpora have grown beyond imagination, defying exploration by traditional manual qualitative methods, and language technology has become increasingly data-driven and semantics-oriented. These developments present a golden opportunity for the empirical study of semantic change over both long and short time spans. A major challenge presently is to integrate the hard-earned knowledge and expertise of traditional historical linguistics with cutting-edge methodology explored primarily in computational linguistics. The idea for the present volume came out of a concrete response to this challenge. The 1st International Workshop on Computational Approaches to Historical Language Change (LChange'19), at ACL 2019, brought together scholars from both fields. This volume offers a survey of this exciting new direction in the study of semantic change, a discussion of the many remaining challenges that we face in pursuing it, and considerably updated and extended versions of a selection of the contributions to the LChange'19 workshop, addressing both more theoretical problems — e.g., discovery of "laws of semantic change" — and practical applications, such as information retrieval in longitudinal text archives.

Download or read book Semantics written by James R. Hurford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-04-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the major elements of semantics in a simple, step-by-step fashion. Sections of explanation and examples are followed by practice exercises with answers and comment provided.

Download or read book The Human Semantic Potential written by Terry Regier and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on ideas from cognitive linguistics, connectionism, and perception, The Human Semantic Potential describes a connectionist model that learns perceptually grounded semantics for natural language in spatial terms. Languages differ in the ways in which they structure space, and Regier's aim is to have the model perform its learning task for terms from any natural language. The system has so far succeeded in learning spatial terms from English, German, Russian, Japanese, and Mixtec. The model views simple movies of two-dimensional objects moving relative to one another and learns to classify them linguistically in accordance with the spatial system of some natural language. The overall goal is to determine which sorts of spatial configurations and events are learnable as the semantics for spatial terms and which are not. Ultimately, the model and its theoretical underpinnings are a step in the direction of articulating biologically based constraints on the nature of human semantic systems. Along the way Regier takes up such substantial issues as the attraction and the liabilities of PDP and structured connectionist modeling, the problem of learning without direct negative evidence, and the area of linguistic universals, which is addressed in the model itself. Trained on spatial terms from different languages, the model permits observations about the possible bases of linguistic universals and interlanguage variation.

Download or read book The Semantic Web Trends and Challenges written by Valentina Presutti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2014, held in Anissaras, Crete, Greece France, in May 2014. The 50 revised full papers presented together with three invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 204 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on mobile, sensor and semantic streams; services, processes and cloud computing; social web and web science; data management; natural language processing; reasoning; machine learning, linked open data; cognition and semantic web; vocabularies, schemas, ontologies. The book also includes 11 papers presented at the PhD Symposium.

Download or read book The Semantic Web ISWC 2009 written by Abraham Bernstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-08 with total page 1029 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the Web continues to grow, increasing amounts of data are being made available for human and machine consumption. This emerging Semantic Web is rapidly entering the mainstream and, as a result, a variety of new solutions for searching, aggregating and the intelligent delivery of information are being produced,bothinresearchandcommercialsettings.Severalnewchallengesarise from this context, both from a technical and human–computer interaction p- spective – e.g., as issues to do with the scalability andusability of Semantic Web solutions become particularly important. The International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) is the major inter- tional forum where the latest research results and technical innovations on all aspects of the Semantic Web are presented. ISWC brings together researchers, practitioners, and users from the areas of arti?cial intelligence, databases, social networks,distributedcomputing,Webengineering,informationsystems,natural language processing, soft computing, and human–computer interaction to d- cuss the major challenges and proposed solutions, success stories and failures, as well the visions that can advance the ?eld.

Download or read book The Semantic Web Latest Advances and New Domains written by Fabien Gandon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2014, held in Anissaras, Portoroz, Slovenia, in May/June 2015. The 43 revised full papers presented together with three invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. This program was completed by a demonstration and poster session, in which researchers had the chance to present their latest results and advances in the form of live demos. In addition, the PhD Symposium program included 12 contributions, selected out of 16 submissions. The core tracks of the research conference were complemented with new tracks focusing on linking machine and human computation at web scale (cognition and Semantic Web, Human Computation and Crowdsourcing) beside the following subjects Vocabularies, Schemas, Ontologies, Reasoning, Linked Data, Semantic Web and Web Science, Semantic Data Management, Big data, Scalability, Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval, Machine Learning, Mobile Web, Internet of Things and Semantic Streams, Services, Web APIs and the Web of Things, Cognition and Semantic Web, Human Computation and Crowdsourcing and In-Use Industrial Track as well.

Download or read book HIEROGLYPHS OF THE PHAISTOS DISC history and full text translation written by Vitaly Surnin and published by Surnin Vitaly. This book was released on 2013-12-28 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the preliminary part of a great work titled «THE BOOK OF THE EGYPTIAN: The beginning of the basic Egyptology or a key to the understanding of history, philosophy and world religion». Usually, the introduction is made in the form of a brief preface or foreword, but I got a whole book as the first step in a multi-volume publication of the study. The purpose of this specific introduction as the beginning of serious research – is right at the level of the opening to inspire a reader, showing him in a clear visual and comprehensible form, the whole true mechanism of the hieroglyphic writing. To achieve this, I will completely dispel the myth created by the modern science that hieroglyphs do not convey any meaning (of words, the whole idea), but only individual sounds (letters), or their combination (syllables). This scientific myth will be finally deprived of the status of scientific knowledge, and the translation of the Phaistos disc, on the contrary, will be clearly shown, what is called «broken apart», and will be read in the ancient hieroglyphic language united by the principle of construction – in the language of the ancient Egyptians. I can say that it will not be two simultaneously existing systems of hieroglyphs translation, as well as two Egyptologies, one will be false, and the other – true! To prove the validity of the system of translation I wanted to give you immediately not only a complete translation of the text of the Phaistos disc, where the number of occurrences of each hieroglyph is not big (1 to 19 times), but the translation of the whole ancient Egyptian writing, because the number of times it is used in there is thousands, if not even millions. And each such use of each hieroglyph is translating in the same way, so it creates the full reading of the hieroglyphic texts – writing, which will be easily read by everyone with the dictionary of hieroglyphs in the future. The main reason why I wanted to do it – is because, at first, I read the ancient Egyptian texts and only then, by chance, came across with the hieroglyphs of the Phaistos disc. But then, I decided to set a different aim – to teach the reader to think, and not just to read hieroglyphs. Since we have no ancient Egyptian temple, and you're not its novice, the method of achieving the aims will be different than in the antiquity. First of all, I would suggest not a translation of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, but a complete translation of the Phaistos disc, and at the same time to give them a sort of test of common sense to modern science in the face of particular academies and universities of the world. Let them answer me the question, not knowing the translations of ancient Egyptian texts, – whether they think this translation of the Phaistos disc is correct? So when I completely publish «The Book of Egyptian», it will become clear who they are and where do they lead all of you. As they always test the students, it's a time to test them as well. Will they pass the test, I do not know, but any way, you, my reader, will get to know about it, (in the main manuscript) and will be able to draw your own conclusions about their intellectual level. Therefore, I recommend you to take this message of the book, at least with the attention, because not every day the science gets a ready revelation, designed in the form of scientific study. And here the attention and common sense will help the reader to re-look the original, pure, uncomplicated meaning of the Hieroglyphs, which through the veil of delusion will finally begin to appear in their true, original and vibrant colors – and finally, get from the nether world – into the realm of the living!

Download or read book The Practice Turn in Contemporary Theory written by Karin Knorr Cetina and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-06-20 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an exciting and diverse philosophical exploration of the role of practice and practices in human activity. It contains original essays and critiques of this philosophical and sociological attempt to move beyond current problematic ways of thinking in the humanities and social sciences. It will be useful across many disciplines, including philosophy, sociology, science, cultural theory, history and anthropology.

Download or read book The Semantic Web written by Ruben Verborgh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2021, held virtually in June 2021. The 41 full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 167 submissions. The papers were submitted to three tracks: the research track, the resource track and the in-use track. These tracks showcase research and development activities, services and applications, and innovative research outcomes making their way into industry. The research track caters to both long-standing and emerging research topics in the form of the following subtracks: ontologies and reasoning; knowledge graphs (understanding, creating, and exploiting); semantic data management, querying and distributed data; data dynamics, quality, and trust; matching, integration, and fusion; NLP and information retrieval; machine learning; science data and scholarly communication; and problems to solve before you die.

Download or read book The Critical Turn in Education written by Isaac Gottesman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Critical Turn in Education traces the historical emergence and development of critical theories in the field of education, from the introduction of Marxist and other radical social theories in the 1960s to the contemporary critical landscape. The book begins by tracing the first waves of critical scholarship in the field through a close, contextual study of the intellectual and political projects of several core figures including, Paulo Freire, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Michael Apple, and Henry Giroux. Later chapters offer a discussion of feminist critiques, the influx of postmodernist and poststructuralist ideas in education, and critical theories of race. While grounded in U.S. scholarship, The Critical Turn in Education contextualizes the development of critical ideas and political projects within a larger international history, and charts the ongoing theoretical debates that seek to explain the relationship between school and society. Today, much of the language of this critical turn has now become commonplace—words such as "hegemony," "ideology," and the term "critical" itself—but by providing a historical analysis, The Critical Turn in Education illuminates the complexity and nuance of these theoretical tools, which offer ways of understanding the intersections between individual identities and structural forces in an attempt to engage and overturn social injustice.

Download or read book Design When Everybody Designs written by Ezio Manzini and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-03-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of design, both expert and nonexpert, in the ongoing wave of social innovation toward sustainability. In a changing world everyone designs: each individual person and each collective subject, from enterprises to institutions, from communities to cities and regions, must define and enhance a life project. Sometimes these projects generate unprecedented solutions; sometimes they converge on common goals and realize larger transformations. As Ezio Manzini describes in this book, we are witnessing a wave of social innovations as these changes unfold—an expansive open co-design process in which new solutions are suggested and new meanings are created. Manzini distinguishes between diffuse design (performed by everybody) and expert design (performed by those who have been trained as designers) and describes how they interact. He maps what design experts can do to trigger and support meaningful social changes, focusing on emerging forms of collaboration. These range from community-supported agriculture in China to digital platforms for medical care in Canada; from interactive storytelling in India to collaborative housing in Milan. These cases illustrate how expert designers can support these collaborations—making their existence more probable, their practice easier, their diffusion and their convergence in larger projects more effective. Manzini draws the first comprehensive picture of design for social innovation: the most dynamic field of action for both expert and nonexpert designers in the coming decades.