Download or read book Garbage In The Cities written by Martin V. Melosi and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2004-11-26 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As recently as the 1880s, most American cities had no effective means of collecting and removing the mountains of garbage, refuse, and manure-over a thousand tons a day in New York City alone-that clogged streets and overwhelmed the senses of residents. In his landmark study, Garbage in the Cities, Martin Melosi offered the first history of efforts begun in the Progressive Era to clean up this mess.Since it was first published, Garbage in the Cities has remained one of the best historical treatments of the subject. This thoroughly revised and updated edition includes two new chapters that expand the discussion of developments since World War I. It also offers a discussion of the reception of the first edition, and an examination of the ways solid waste management has become more federally regulated in the last quarter of the twentieth century.Melosi traces the rise of sanitation engineering, accurately describes the scope and changing nature of the refuse problem in U.S. cities, reveals the sometimes hidden connections between industrialization and pollution, and discusses the social agendas behind many early cleanliness programs. Absolutely essential reading for historians, policy analysts, and sociologists, Garbage in the Cities offers a vibrant and insightful analysis of this fascinating topic.

Download or read book hawrah written by L.S.S. O'Malley and published by Concept Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Howrah The deep channel alternates from left to right and vice cersa according to the windings of the river, except where deflected by the large tributaries which debouch into it at the southern limit of this district. Proceeding from Howrah Bridge, the deep channel runs on the Calcutta side in the Calcutta Reach past the Fort and Kidderpore to Garden Reach. At Rajganj, Opposite Hangman Point, it crosses over to the Howrah Side, and follows the Sankrail Reach as far as Melancholy (menikhali) Point. It then zigzags from left to right at each bend. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The Archaeology of Sanitation in Roman Italy written by Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Romans developed sophisticated methods for managing hygiene, including aqueducts for moving water from one place to another, sewers for removing used water from baths and runoff from walkways and roads, and public and private latrines. Through the archeological record, graffiti, sanitation-related paintings, and literature, Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow explores this little-known world of bathrooms and sewers, offering unique insights into Roman sanitation, engineering, urban planning and development, hygiene, and public health. Focusing on the cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, Ostia, and Rome, Koloski-Ostrow's work challenges common perceptions of Romans' social customs, beliefs about health, tolerance for filth in their cities, and attitudes toward privacy. In charting the complex history of sanitary customs from the late republic to the early empire, Koloski-Ostrow reveals the origins of waste removal technologies and their implications for urban health, past and present.

Download or read book The Sanitation of Cities written by Sanitation Corporation, New York and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sanitation Latrines and Intestinal Parasites in Past Populations written by Piers D. Mitchell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sanitation and intestinal health is something we often take for granted today. However, people living in many regions of the developing world still suffer with debilitating diseases due to the lack of sanitation. Despite its clear impact upon health in modern times, sanitation in past populations is a topic that has received surprisingly little attention. This book brings together key experts from around the world to explore fascinating aspects of life in the past relevant to sanitation, and how that affected our ancestors. By its end readers will realize that toilets were in use in ancient Mesopotamia even before the invention of writing, and that flushing toilets with anatomic seats were a technology of ancient Greece at the time of the minotaur myth. They will see how sanitation compared in ancient Rome and medieval London, and will take a virtual walk around the sanitation of York at the time of the Vikings. Readers will also understand which intestinal parasites infected humans in different regions of the world over different time periods, what these parasites tell us about early human evolution, later population migrations, past diet, lifestyle, and the effects of sanitation technology. There is good evidence that over the millennia people in the past realized that sanitation mattered. They invented toilets, cleaner water supplies, drains, waste disposal and sanitation legislation. While past views on sanitation were very different to those of today, it is clear than many past societies took sanitation much more seriously than was previously thought.

Download or read book Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States for the Fiscal Year 1912 Classic Reprint written by United States Public Health Service and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 1913 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States, for the Fiscal Year 1912 AN act To change the name of the Public Health and marine-hos ital Service to the Public Health Service, to increase the pay of officers of said service, an for other purposes. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Out of Mulberry Street written by Jacob August Riis and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Observations Upon the Natural History of Epidemic Diarrhoea written by O. H. Peters and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Observations Upon the Natural History of Epidemic Diarrhoea The causative agencies from which springs the plentiful harvest of child mortality in large cities may be conceived as a felted mass of rootlets almost inextricably intertwined. Those of poverty, bad housing, bad feeding, and neglect, may be severally recognized, but the extent of their interrelations with actual respiratory and alimentary disease - those to which the greater part of the mortality is referred - can be traced only with difficulty. It is the object Of this work to aid ln the labour of cutting away the matrix and entangling fibres and to lay bare the hidden ramifications of at least one important causative agency - epidemic diarrhoea. This affection - if we accept provisionally the more novel and generally favoured conception. As to its nature - is revealed as something very like an ordinary infectious disease, and one which permeates all classes, while the excessive mortality it gathers round itself in urban centres must be regarded as something superadded, owing to the vicious circle it forms with those baneful conditions of slum life mentioned above. On the other hand, its peculiarly intimate association with the circum stances of domestic life, from the continual faecal pollution of the interior of the household by infants and others, tends to make it more so than other affections of the kind peculiarly a class disease, and an especial scourge of dirty neighbourhoods. Dirty towns may however be saved from excessive mortality by a high percentage of breast feeding. A notable point in the interesting comparison that can be drawn between diarrhoea and typhoid fever is that, in accordance with their peculiarly opposite age-incidence curves, the marked and habitual depositing of infectious excreta within the household in the former disease may make the question of water-closet versus conservancy pan a matter of far less importance than in the latter. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States written by U. S. Public Health Service and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 1914 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States: For the Fiscal Year 1913 Sir: In accordance With section 9 of the act of Congress a proved July 1, 1902, _an act to increase the efliciency and change tee name of the marine-hospital Service, I have the honor to transmit here with the report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service for the fiscal year 1913. Respectfully, W. G. Mcadoo, Secretary. The speaker OF the house OF representatives. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States written by and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 1920 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States: For the Fiscal Year 1920 Scientific Research - Continued. Page Viruses, serums, toxins, and analogous products Conference with State and Territorial health authorities Representation at meetings Dissemination of information. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Fighting for Life written by S. Josephine Baker and published by New York Review of Books. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An “engaging and . . . thought-provoking” memoir of battling public health crises in early 20th-century New York City—from the pioneering female physician and children’s health advocate who ‘caught’ Typhoid Mary (The New York Times) New York’s Lower East Side was said to be the most densely populated square mile on earth in the 1890s. Health inspectors called the neighborhood “the suicide ward.” Diarrhea epidemics raged each summer, killing thousands of children. Sweatshop babies with smallpox and typhus dozed in garment heaps destined for fashionable shops. Desperate mothers paced the streets to soothe their feverish children and white mourning cloths hung from every building. A third of the children living there died before their fifth birthday. By 1911, the child death rate had fallen sharply and The New York Times hailed the city as the healthiest on earth. In this witty and highly personal autobiography, public health crusader Dr. S. Josephine Baker explains how this transformation was achieved. By the time she retired in 1923, Baker was famous worldwide for saving the lives of 90,000 children. The programs she developed, many still in use today, have saved the lives of millions more. She fought for women’s suffrage, toured Russia in the 1930s, and captured “Typhoid” Mary Mallon, twice. She was also an astute observer of her times, and Fighting for Life is one of the most honest, compassionate memoirs of American medicine ever written.

Download or read book The Environment and the People in American Cities 1600s 1900s written by Dorceta E. Taylor and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-23 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Environment and the People in American Cities, Dorceta E. Taylor provides an in-depth examination of the development of urban environments, and urban environmentalism, in the United States. Taylor focuses on the evolution of the city, the emergence of elite reformers, the framing of environmental problems, and the perceptions of and responses to breakdowns in social order, from the seventeenth century through the twentieth. She demonstrates how social inequalities repeatedly informed the adjudication of questions related to health, safety, and land access and use. While many accounts of environmental history begin and end with wildlife and wilderness, Taylor shows that the city offers important clues to understanding the evolution of American environmental activism. Taylor traces the progression of several major thrusts in urban environmental activism, including the alleviation of poverty; sanitary reform and public health; safe, affordable, and adequate housing; parks, playgrounds, and open space; occupational health and safety; consumer protection (food and product safety); and land use and urban planning. At the same time, she presents a historical analysis of the ways race, class, and gender shaped experiences and perceptions of the environment as well as environmental activism and the construction of environmental discourses. Throughout her analysis, Taylor illuminates connections between the social and environmental conflicts of the past and those of the present. She describes the displacement of people of color for the production of natural open space for the white and wealthy, the close proximity between garbage and communities of color in early America, the cozy relationship between middle-class environmentalists and the business community, and the continuous resistance against environmental inequalities on the part of ordinary residents from marginal communities.

Download or read book Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States written by UNITED STATES SURGEON. GENERAL and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 1916 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States: For the Fiscal Year 1916 Cuba and the West Indies Yellow fever Central America Mexico South America. Sanitary legislation. Summary of State health laws and regulations, 1915 - 16. Morbidity reports Laws requiring the notification of cases of preventable disease Communicable diseases Organization of local health departments Health insurance. Municipal health laws and regulations Summary of court decisions, 1915 - 16 Public-health ordinances and regulations Health authorities. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book The African City written by Bill Freund and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-05 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is comprehensive both in terms of time coverage, from before the Pharaohs to the present moment and in that it tries to consider cities from the entire continent, not just Sub-Saharan Africa. Apart from factual information and rich description material culled from many sources, it looks at many issues from why urban life emerged in the first place to how present-day African cities cope in difficult times. Instead of seeing towns and cities as somehow extraneous to the real Africa, it views them as an inherent part of developing Africa, indigenous, colonial, and post-colonial and emphasizes the extent to which the future of African society and African culture will likely be played out mostly in cities. The book is written to appeal to students of history but equally to geographers, planners, sociologists and development specialists interested in urban problems.

Download or read book Animal City written by Andrew A. Robichaud and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do America’s cities look the way they do? If we want to know the answer, we should start by looking at our relationship with animals. Americans once lived alongside animals. They raised them, worked them, ate them, and lived off their products. This was true not just in rural areas but also in cities, which were crowded with livestock and beasts of burden. But as urban areas grew in the nineteenth century, these relationships changed. Slaughterhouses, dairies, and hog ranches receded into suburbs and hinterlands. Milk and meat increasingly came from stores, while the family cow and pig gave way to the household pet. This great shift, Andrew Robichaud reveals, transformed people’s relationships with animals and nature and radically altered ideas about what it means to be human. As Animal City illustrates, these transformations in human and animal lives were not inevitable results of population growth but rather followed decades of social and political struggles. City officials sought to control urban animal populations and developed sweeping regulatory powers that ushered in new forms of urban life. Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals worked to enhance certain animals’ moral standing in law and culture, in turn inspiring new child welfare laws and spurring other wide-ranging reforms. The animal city is still with us today. The urban landscapes we inhabit are products of the transformations of the nineteenth century. From urban development to environmental inequality, our cities still bear the scars of the domestication of urban America.

Download or read book Rome Pollution and Propriety written by Mark Bradley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the history of filth, disease, purity and cleanliness in one of Europe's oldest and most influential cities.

Download or read book Harvard s Classics Collection Complete 71 Volumes written by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 24737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DigiCat presents to you this meticulously edited Harvard Classics collection: The Harvard Classics: V. 1: Franklin, Woolman & Penn V. 2: Plato, Epictetus & Marcus Aurelius V. 3: Bacon, Milton, Browne V. 4: Poems by John Milton V. 5: R. W. Emerson V. 6: Poems by Robert Burns V. 7: St Augustine & Thomas á Kempis V. 8: Nine Greek Dramas V. 9: Cicero and Pliny V. 10: The Wealth of Nations V. 11: The Origin of Species V. 12: Plutarch's Lives V. 13: Æneid V. 14: Don Quixote V. 15: Bunyan & Walton V. 16: Thousand and One Nights V. 17: Folklore & Fable V. 18: Modern English Drama V. 19: Goethe & Marlowe V. 20: The Divine Comedy V. 21: I Promessi Sposi V. 22: The Odyssey V. 23: Two Years Before the Mast V. 24: Edmund Burke V. 25: J. S. Mill & T. Carlyle V. 26: Continental Drama V. 27 & 28: English and American Essays V. 29: The Voyage of the Beagle V. 30: Scientific Papers V. 31: The Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini V. 32: Literary and Philosophical Essays V. 33: Voyages & Travels V. 34: French & English Philosophers V. 35: Chronicle and Romance V. 36: Machiavelli, Roper, More, Luther V. 37: Locke, Berkeley, Hume V. 38: Harvey, Jenner, Lister, Pasteur V. 39: Prefaces and Prologues V. 40–42: English Poetry V. 43: American Historical Documents V. 44 & 45: Sacred Writings V. 46 & 47: Elizabethan Drama V. 48: Blaise Pascal V. 49: Epic and Saga V. 50: Reader's Guide V. 51: Lectures The Shelf of Fiction: V. 1 & 2: The History of Tom Jones V. 3: A Sentimental Journey & Pride and Prejudice V. 4: Guy Mannering V. 5 & 6: Vanity Fair V. 7 & 8: David Copperfield V. 9: The Mill on the Floss V. 10: Hawthorne, Irving, Poe, Harte, Twain, Hale V.11: The Portrait of a Lady V. 12: Notre Dame de Paris V. 13: Balzac, Sand, de Musset, Daudet, de Maupassant V. 14 & 15: Goethe, Keller, Storm, Fontane V. 16–19: Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev V. 20: Valera, Bjørnson, Kielland