Download or read book Russian River Biological Assessment written by Sonoma County Water Agency and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian River Estuary Study written by Peter Goodwin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Russian River Estuary written by Dane Kristopher Behrens and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bar-built estuaries with unstable tidal inlets are widespread in Mediterranean climates and along wave-exposed coasts. While similarly important to coastal sediment balances and estuarine ecosystems, and more numerous than larger inlet systems, they suffer from a relative lack of understanding. This is a result of the setting: bar-built estuaries lie at a nexus of coastal and fluvial environments, often behaving like lakes with extreme variability in boundary conditions. At the ocean-side boundary, inlet channel blockage from wave-driven sedimentation is common, leading to water levels in the lagoon that are consistently higher than ocean levels (perched conditions) or to complete disconnection between the lagoon and the ocean (inlet closure). During times when the inlet channel allows tidal conveyance, flood tides provide saline, nutrient-rich water and vigorous turbulent mixing. Inlet closure traps seawater in the estuary and transforms these systems into salt-stratified coastal lakes. The amount of habitat space provided by the closed system is then constrained by the extent of the salt field, since it has marked effects on temperature and dissolved oxygen. Although closed and perched conditions are natural, encroachment from agriculture, roads and development has led to a host of fundamental changes to the way the inlet and estuary function. Combined with the present lack of understanding of how these systems behave in response to natural processes, this will be a growing concern as long-term shifts in climate continually alter the landscape and forcing conditions. This dissertation explores three areas in need of better understanding: (1) Variability of inlet closure frequency, (2) response of the estuarine salt field to inlet closure, and (3) the influence of inlet management on stratification in the estuary. These questions are addressed by examining the Russian River Estuary (RRE), a prototypical bar-built estuary in Northern California. This work builds from existing studies of the site by the author, leveraging a uniquely extensive set of in situ observations of daily inlet behavior with additional field and numerical modeling work. The aim is to use these tools to provide a more complete picture of the combined function of the inlet and estuary than is currently present in the literature. Inlet closure frequency is examined using over 60 years of daily closure records detailing the behavior of the Russian River mouth. Inlet morphological behavior is shown to be a response to processes which act to scour the inlet (driven by tides and river flows) and processes that act to deposit sand in the inlet (driven by waves). The observed time-dependent closure pattern is shown to be well-described as a response to tidal, weather-related, seasonal and interannual processes. A parametric model is developed to predict closure events in the short- and seasonal-term scales, and is shown to improve on existing models. Lastly, closure records from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are compared, showing that inlet closures have become shorter and more sporadic over time at this site. Long term shifts such as this are examined within the context of management practices and climate variability. The evolution of the salt field is tracked during several inlet closure events in 2009 and 2010 using repeated boat-based conductivity temperature depth (CTD) surveys, stationary sondes and upward facing acoustic doppler current profilers (ADCPs). The motion of the intruding salt front is in general well-studied in relatively deep estuaries with gradually varying bathymetry. However, in bar-built estuaries such as the RRE, the mechanisms of upstream salt transport are more obscure, since these systems are often associated with sharply-varying bathymetry resulting from extensive meandering and high stream gradients. The field data are used to show that the salt front movement persists in the estuary despite these characteristics. Empirical orthogonal functions and a horizontal Richardson Number are employed to link the salt transport into the inner estuary to buoyancy-driven currents which move epilimnetic salt water upstream along the top of the pycnocline when diurnal winds are not active. Internal waves are also present, but are limited by the bathymetry in the extent to which they transport salt upstream. Volumetric capacity of the pools upstream of the front and turbulence caused by diurnal winds are shown to be the main impediment to the salt front advance. The impacts of inlet management on stratification in the estuary are assessed by examining two practices: (1) Allowing the inlet to remain closed and (2) enforcing perched conditions by cutting a one-way supratidal outflow channel over the beach. The ramifications of the latter are presently unknown. A numerical model is used to examine the different outcomes achieved during hypothetical two-week closure and overflow events at the RRE. The model uses a two-dimensional (x-z plane) representation that emphasizes the vertical salt stratification in the estuary. The modeling results show that having an overflow channel only several meters above the pycnocline results in strengthened stratification when winds are applied, while inlet closure leaves stratification mostly intact. Long-term changes in estuary salt mass are well-described as a function of the hydraulic gradient through the beach during closure, and as a function of vertical diffusion of salt during perched overflow. A ratio of the magnitudes of seepage flow out of the beach and vertical diffusive flow of salt across the pycnocline is a good descriptor of which process will dominate the long-term evolution of salt in the estuary. Boat-based field data confirm the model results, suggesting that the two management states present divergent outcomes in the estuary.
Download or read book Numerical Simulations of Management Scenarios in a Small Stratified Estuary written by Shreya Ravi Hegde and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian River Estuary (RRE) tends to trap salt that flows in from the Pacific Ocean when its mouth closes at multiple times each year. This closure leads to stratification and in some cases also flooding of local property. Different management strategies are being discussed, but here we focus on analyzing time evolution of salt mass through a set of six simulations that are each performed over a period of two months. The Biological Opinion, 2011, has specified a target condition for the river inflow and outlet elevation which is tested herein for a case of fast closure and slow closure, to observe the changes in density stratification in the RRE. A list of runs with changes to the target condition, are set up and their results analyzed. The results from this set of simulations show that, with respect to loss of salinity, the conditions with the highest outlet bed elevation (closed outlet), have the fastest loss of almost all the salt in the system within the given two-month time period. This is part of a broader effort to develop estuary management protocols that will yield improved habitat for juvenile steelhead (NMFS 2008). Through a subcontract to the Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA), ESA and Philip Williams and Associates (ESA PWA) requested that the University of California Davis (UCD) perform this modeling study, which draws from the results of a separate but related field study conducted in the Russian River estuary during the summer-fall management season in 2009 (Behrens & Largier 2010, Largier & Behrens 2010).
Download or read book Inlet Closure and Morphological Behavior in a Northern California Estuary written by Dane Kristopher Behrens and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian River Estuary Management Project written by Environmental Science Associates and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides an analysis of environmental impacts resulting from the proposed Russian River Estuary Management Plan. The project is intended to fulfill federal mandates to implement adapative management of the estuary to enhance fisheries habitat while minimizing flood risk to the town of Jenner, Calif., located at the immediately upstream of the mouth of of the estuary. Implementation of the project would involve management of the estuary as a summer lagoon (May 15-Oct. 15) and continuation of artificial breaching practices during the remainder of the year. This final EIR reviews the draft EIR process, identified impacts and response to comments.
Download or read book Fishing on the Russian River written by Meghan Walla-Murphy and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2014 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian River tells a rich story of Sonoma County, both historically and ecologically. For as long as can be remembered, there has been an intimate relationship between the people of the Russian River and the fish, specifically the salmon and the steelhead. This tale of fishing begins with the Pomo people's communal fishing forays, winds through Russian exploration and early American settlement, and lands in the present time. For millennia, fishing has been a cultural cornerstone on the Russian River. Unfortunately, this once lively and productive salmonid fishery is dying. Overfishing, gravel mining, increased sedimentation from logging and agriculture, dams, and overdevelopment along the riverbanks and tributaries have all caused a decline in salmonid numbers. Thankfully, through collaborative efforts of local residents, nonprofit organizations, ranchers, farmers, and government agencies, fish populations are rebounding.
Download or read book Takes of Marine Mammals Russian River Estuary Management Activities Us National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation Noaa 2018 Edi written by The Law Library and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Law Library presents the complete text of the Takes of Marine Mammals - Russian River Estuary Management Activities (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 NMFS, upon request from the Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA), issues these regulations pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) to govern the incidental taking of marine mammals incidental to Russian River estuary management activities in Sonoma County, California, over the course of five years (2017-2022). These regulations, which allow for the issuance of Letters of Authorization (LOA) for the incidental take of marine mammals during the described activities and specified timeframes, prescribe the permissible methods of taking and other means of effecting the least practicable adverse impact on marine mammal species or stocks and their habitat, and establish requirements pertaining to the monitoring and reporting of such taking. This ebook contains: - The complete text of the Takes of Marine Mammals - Russian River Estuary Management Activities (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition) - A dynamic table of content linking to each section - A table of contents in introduction presenting a general overview of the structure
Download or read book The Russian River a Characteristic Stream of the California Coast Ranges written by Ruliff Stephen Holway and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Assessment for the Issuance of Incidental Take Authorizations to the Sonoma County Water Agency for Russian River Estuary Management Activities written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The National Marine Fisheries Service proposes to issue a one-year incidental harassment authorization and subsequent incidental take authorizations upon expiration of that IHA to the Sonoma County Water Agency for the incidental taking of small numbers of marine mammals in the wild, pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, as amended (MMPA; 16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). These authorizations would allow the taking, by Level B harassment only, of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii), California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) incidental to the Agency's Russian River Estuary Management Activities, specifically artificial breaching of a sandbar which forms at the mouth of the Russian River. The purposes of the Agency's activities are to comply with Reasonable and Prudent Measures contained within NMFS' 2008 Biological Opinion on the impacts of the Agency's estuary management program on federally-listed salmon and steelhead and to prevent flooding of low-lying communities within the Russian River Estuary"--Abstract (p. [1]).
Download or read book Russian River Habitat Focus Areas Projects are Underway written by United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Several projects that will address the critical needs of the people and fish in the Russian River watershed are now underway. Along with estuary management, monitoring, and habitat restoration, improved meteorological prediction and hydrologic modeling are among the aspects of these projects that seek to balance the needs of all water users. All projects will benefit listed species--particularly salmon and steelhead--but will also provide ecosystem services such as resilient coastal communities. For example, through climate modeling, we will provide tools to help resource managers and the public prepare for a changing climate and sea level rise"--Page [1].
Download or read book The Russian River and Its Watershed written by Richard McDaniel and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-04 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian River Basin Study written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book History of the Development of the Water Resources of the Russian River written by Robert F. Beach and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Russian River written by Robert F. Beach and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Russian River written by John C. Schubert and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian River region has morphed from a lumber area, to a recreational paradise, to a retirement locale and a semi-bedroom community of Santa Rosa Valley, all the while sustaining itself as one of Northern California's premier vacation destinations. Each resort region town has its own personality dictated by its environment: forest, river, fields, and hills.
Download or read book The Russian River a Characteristic Stream of the California Coast Ranges written by Ruliff Stephen Holway and published by Sagwan Press. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
