Download or read book A Full Value Ruble written by Kristy Ironside and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new history shows that, despite MarxismÕs rejection of money, the ruble was critical to the Soviet UnionÕs promise of shared prosperity for its citizens. In spite of Karl MarxÕs proclamation that money would become obsolete under Communism, the ruble remained a key feature of Soviet life. In fact, although Western economists typically concluded that money ultimately played a limited role in the Soviet Union, Kristy Ironside argues that money was both more important and more powerful than most histories have recognized. After the Second World War, money was resurrected as an essential tool of Soviet governance. Certainly, its importance was not lost on Soviet leaders, despite official Communist Party dogma. Money, Ironside demonstrates, mediated the relationship between the Soviet state and its citizens and was at the center of both the governmentÕs and the peopleÕs visions for the maturing Communist project. A strong rubleÑone that held real value in workersÕ hands and served as an effective labor incentiveÑwas seen as essential to the economic growth that would rebuild society and realize CommunismÕs promised future of abundance. Ironside shows how Soviet citizens turned to the state to remedy the damage that the ravages of the Second World War had inflicted upon their household economies. From the late 1940s through the early 1960s, progress toward Communism was increasingly measured by the health of its citizensÕ personal finances, such as greater purchasing power, higher wages, better pensions, and growing savings. However, the increasing importance of money in Soviet life did not necessarily correlate to improved living standards for Soviet citizens. The Soviet governmentÕs achievements in Òraising the peopleÕs material welfareÓ continued to lag behind the WestÕs advances during a period of unprecedented affluence. These factors combined to undermine popular support for Soviet power and confidence in the Communist project.
Download or read book The Ruble written by Ekaterina Pravilova and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-06-27 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking history of Russia, from empire to the Soviet era, viewed through the lens of its money. Money seems passive, a silent witness to the deeds and misdeeds of its holders, but through its history intimate dramas and grand historical processes can be told. So argues this sweeping narrative of the ruble's story from the time of Catherine the Great to Lenin. The Russian ruble did not enjoy a particularly reputable place among European currencies. Across two hundred years, long periods of financial turmoil were followed by energetic and pragmatic reforms that invariably ended with another collapse. Why did a country with an industrializing economy, solid private property rights, and (until 1918) a near perfect reputation as a rock-solid repayer of its debts stick for such a prolonged period with an inconvertible currency? Why did the Russian gold standard differ from the European model? In answering these questions, Ekaterina Pravilova argues that politics and culture must be considered alongside economic factors. The history of the Russian ruble offers an opportunity to explore the political reasons behind the preservation of a supposedly backward financial system and to show how politicians used monetary reforms to block or enact political transformations. The Ruble is a history of Russia written in the language of money. It shows how economists, landowners, merchants, and peasants understood, perceived, and used financial mechanisms. In her sweeping account, Pravilova interprets the well-known political events of the eighteenth to early twentieth centuries--wars, attempts at constitutional transformations, revolutions--through the ideas and politics of currency reforms and offers a new history of Russia's imperial expansion and collapse.
Download or read book The Ruble Problem written by and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Under the Rubble written by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenit︠s︡yn and published by Gateway Editions. This book was released on 1989 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New International Money Game written by Robert Z. Aliber and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous editions of Robert Z. Aliber's The New International Money Game have been widely acclaimed as the best and most entertaining introduction to the arcane enigmas of international finance. Since its original publication, the book has become a classic primer for beginning students, businesspersons, and anyone interested in a clear explanation of international monetary and financial issues. With expert knowledge and a wry sense of humor, Aliber demystifies international finance by breaking through the jargon barrier and presenting technical issues in a clear and concise manner. Aliber takes the reader on a tour of a multiplicity of international finance issues, included fixed and floating exchange rates, devaluations, money markets, monetary policy, and the concepts that lie behind the esoteric language of financial economists. This sixth edition tracks the changes that have taken place in the world economy since the previous editions by exploring financial globalization, postcommunist transition, European integration, and the Asian economic crisis. It is an indispensable and highly readable guide to the complex and increasingly fragile system through which the world's business is financed.
Download or read book A Fistful of Rubles written by Juliet Johnson and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the breakup of the USSR, it briefly appeared as though Russia's emerging commercial banks might act as engines of growth for a new capitalist economy. However, despite more than a decade of "reforms," Russia's financial system collapsed in 1998. Why had ambitious efforts to decentralize and liberalize the banking industry failed? In A Fistful of Rubles, Juliet Johnson offers the first comprehensive look at how Russia's banks, once expected to revitalize the nation's economy, instead became one of the largest obstacles to its recovery.Drawing on interviews with Russian bankers, policymakers, and entrepreneurs, Johnson traces the evolution of the banking system from 1987 through the aftermath of the 1998 crash. She describes how dysfunctional institutional procedures left over from the Soviet period hindered the subsequent development of sound financial practices. Johnson argues that these legacies, along with misguided, Western-inspired liberalization policies, led to the creation of parasitic banks for which success depended on political connections rather than on investment strategies. Johnson demonstrates that banking reform efforts ultimately did more harm than good, because Russian officials and their international advisers failed to build the corresponding economic, legal, and political institutions upon which modern market behavior depends.
Download or read book The IMF and the Ruble Area 1991 93 written by John C. Odling-Smee and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Gospel of Freedom and Power written by Sarah E. Ruble and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decades after World War II, Protestant missionaries abroad were a topic of vigorous public debate. From religious periodicals and Sunday sermons to novels and anthropological monographs, public conversations about missionaries followed a powerful yet paradoxical line of reasoning, namely that people abroad needed greater autonomy from U.S. power and that Americans could best tell others how to use their freedom. In The Gospel of Freedom and Power, Sarah E. Ruble traces and analyzes these public discussions about what it meant for Americans abroad to be good world citizens, placing them firmly in the context of the United States' postwar global dominance. Bringing together a wide range of sources, Ruble seeks to understand how discussions about a relatively small group of Americans working abroad became part of a much larger cultural conversation. She concludes that whether viewed as champions of nationalist revolutions or propagators of the gospel of capitalism, missionaries--along with their supporters, interpreters, and critics--ultimately both challenged and reinforced a rhetoric of exceptionalism that made Americans the judges of what was good for the rest of the world.
Download or read book BRICs and the Global Transformation Considerations on the BRIC Summit of Think Tanks in Brasilia written by Li Yang and published by Paths International Ltd. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first BRICs-Think-Tank Summit was held by the Institute for Applied Economic Research in April 2010. This collection of conference papers, presented by the BRIC countries' scholars, examine the major issues facing these nations including the global financial crisis, international trade, climate change, foreign direct investment, technological innovation and global governance.
Download or read book Science and Global Challenges of the 21st Century Innovations and Technologies in Interdisciplinary Applications written by Ekaterina Isaeva and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-25 with total page 910 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises proceedings of the 2022 International Forum “Science and Global Challenges of the XXI Century”. The main principle of the Forum’s program is interdisciplinarity, the formation of end-to-end innovation chains: fundamental and applied research, technology development, implementation, and wide application of networks and systems. In 2022, the central theme of the forum is innovations and technologies in interdisciplinary applications. The book covers a wide range of knowledge-communication methodologies and effective technologies for processing data in various forms and areas. The book might interest researchers working at the interface of disciplines, such as e-learning, digital humanities, computational linguistics, cognitive studies, GIS, digital geography, machine learning, and others. It can also be a valuable source of information for Bachelor and Master students with open curricula or majors and minors who seek to find a balance between several fields of their interest.
Download or read book Out of the Red written by John T. Connor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-10 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last fifteen years, Russia has become a larger part of the global economy—and in the years ahead, it will continue to grow in prominence. If you want to improve your investment endeavors in this market, you must first understand how it operates. With Out of the Red as your guide, you’ll become familiar with all the opportunities this country has to offer and learn how to make the most informed investing decision within this emerging arena.
Download or read book Barefoot in the Rubble written by Elizabeth Barbara Walter and published by . This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Beverly Hills First Estate written by Timothy Lindsay and published by . This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Text and pictures of the history of the Virginia Robinson Gardens in Beverly Hills, California.
Download or read book Problems of Communism written by and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Handbook of China written by United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Handbook of China written by Julean Herbert Arnold and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Currency and Finance written by John Parke Young and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
