Download or read book The Roman Question and the Powers 1848 1865 written by Ivan Scott and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two factors in the Revolution and the Risorgimento during the nineteenth century which have dictated the organization of this book and conditioned as well the presentation of its contents. One is the advent of a revolution which, abortive in r849, threatened continually thereafter to break out again; the second is the ideology of a ruling class, whose basic funds of values and conscious aims were abruptly and profoundly altered by the sudden appearance of revo lution and the equally swift decay of this same movement. From these two points of view it becomes mandatory that the story of the Risorgimento and the Revolution commence in the year r848. The mastery of the Revolution, as one sees with hindsight, was attained by r861. That achievement, not frequently recognized for what it was in terms of motivation and historical necessity, is of central interest in this book. I have consequently sought to give a rather full picture of events, with particular attention for the internal politics of the revo lutionary countries involved. The attitude of a class of men, threatened in their lives and in their property, is the attitude of the counter-revo lution. There was a willingness to accept revolutionary progress out of the need to direct its course.
Download or read book England Against the Papacy 1858 1861 written by C. T. McIntire and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-06-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed study of the political relations between England and the papacy from 1858 to 1861, the decisive years for the unification of Italy.
Download or read book Napoleon III written by James F. Mcmillan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-06 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this assessment James McMillan moves away from ideologically-based representations of the man to focus on his use of power. He recognises the Emporer as a highly skilled operator who in the face of innumerable obstacles, attempted to conduct an original policy.
Download or read book Diplomacy in an Age of Nationalism written by N.N. Barker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century international rela tions took on new and frightening aspects. A resurgent nationalism sharpened the conflicts between states, while an increasing industrial ism afforded them the means to make war on a scale previously unimaginable. Never before had there been greater need for art and skill in the conduct of international negotiations. The statesmen in charge of this intercourse often fell far short of the ideal necessary to eliminate the tensions in international relations. They not only had to deal with problems of great complexity, but they varied greatly in their temperaments, in their abilities, and even in their inclinations to accommodate themselves to a solution. Nevertheless, traditional diplomacy made possible the orderly handling of international crises and kept open the lines of communication. With all its imperfections it contributed largely to the maintenance of the European order from the turbulent mid-century through La Belle Epoque. The colleagues and former students of Professor Case represented here share with him his interest in this aspect of history. They analyse the methods of diplomats and the policies they implemented in articles ranging from empires in Africa and Mexico to Turkey and the Eastern Question. But regardless of the diversity of the subjects treated they are never separated from the mainstream of the diplomatic policies of the great powers. Moreover, the articles represent the same approach to history and the same techniques employed by Professor Case.
Download or read book Britain and the Papacy in the Age of Revolution 1846 1851 written by Saho Matsumoto-Best and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2003 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Britain's support for constitutional government in Italy and anxieties about the Irish Catholic Church brought Britain and the Papacy briefly together. From the time of the Reformation Anglo-Vatican relations have typically been seen as a long history of unending antagonism and mutual suspicion, but this has not always been the case. This book sheds light on one of the most curious episodes in early Victorian history when, around the time of the 1848 revolutions in Europe, a rapprochement almost developed between Britain and the papacy, and British politicians and writers referred to the new head of the Catholic Church, Pius IX, as 'the good pope'. Integrating diplomatic, political, ecclesiastical and social history, Saho Matsumoto-Best traces the factors that brought these two traditionally hostile powers together andthe reasons why this rapprochement was doomed to failure. She demonstrates how the desire to support constitutional government in Italy and to curb the activities of the Irish Catholic church led the government of Lord John Russell to build a close relationship with Pius IX, and how failure to understand the Vatican's priorities and anti-papal and anti-Catholic feeling in Britain, particularly in the context of the restoration of the Catholic hierarchy in 1850, eventually destroyed this policy. This study is an important and original contribution to the current debate about the nature of mid nineteenth century-Britain and sheds new light on the British role in Italianunification. It will also be of great interest to students of nineteenth-century European international and ecclesiastical history, and of the 1848 revolutions.
Download or read book Palmerston and Liberalism 1855 1865 written by E. D. Steele and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1991-07-18 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book History of Military Occupation from 1792 to 1914 written by Peter M. R. Stirk and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of military occupation as a distinct phenomenon first emerged in the 18th century. This book shows how this understanding developed and the problems that the occupiers, the occupied, commentators and the courts encountered. It covers all major occupations including: France, Sicily, Greece, Belgium, Syria, Mexico, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Cyprus, Egypt, Korea, Peking, the Boer Republics; Latin America; and those related to the Napoleonic Wars, the Mexican-American War, the American Civil War, the Franco-Prussian War, the Russo-Turkish War, and the Spanish-American War
Download or read book Routledge Library Editions 19th Century Religion written by Various Authors and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-09 with total page 6282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reissuing works originally published between 1973 and 1997, Routledge Library Editions: 19th Century Religion (18 volumes) offers a selection of scholarship covering historical developments in religious thinking. Topics include the origin of Catholicism in America, sexual liberation and religion in Europe, and the emergence of Atheism in Victorian England. This set also includes collections of sermons and essays from some of the most influential preachers of the nineteenth century.
Download or read book Cardinal Giacomo Antonelli and Papal Politics in European Affairs written by Frank J. Coppa and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coppa provides the first full-length study of Giacomo Antonelli, friend and advisor to Pope Pius IX (Pio Nono) and his Secretary of State and chief minister from 1849 to 1876. Based on the documents of the secret Vatican Archives, and neglected family papers in the State Archive in Rome, the book gives an important reevaluation of this key diplomatic figure, separating the man from the myth and delving into his character and policies. The book examines both the personality and policies of the Cardinal, who was seen to be the Popes Richelieu and Mazarin combined. Confronting the polemical literature which has charged him with sexual misconduct and venality, the study examines his early formation and career, the inspiration for his European policies, his relationship to Pio Nono, and the part he played in the Counter-Risorgimento and the Papal reaction. By improving our understanding of Papal, Italian, and European developments during these crucial decades, this study provides new insights into Romes fortress mentality and its rejection of the main currents that were transforming western life currents that influenced not only the Catholic Church but European society as a whole.
Download or read book Nineteenth Century European Catholicism written by Eric C. Hansen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Included in this bibliography, originally published in 1989, are books, pamphlets, dissertations, and articles from periodicals and collections, published for the most part since 1900, which present Catholic development in the nineteenth-century as its major theme. Each entry is annotated with the major idea or theme of the work as expressed by its author or editor. This title will be of interest to students of European History and Religious Studies.
Download or read book Great Britain and the Unifying of Italy written by O. J. Wright and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the interests of British leaders, diplomats and consuls in the unifying of Italy. It is the first study to provide a comprehensive narrative of British policy on Italian affairs between the formation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861 and its consolidation as a new nation-state through the acquisitions of Venice in 1866 and Rome in 1870. Commencing with an investigation of the place of Italy within the context of mid-Victorian Britain’s global interests, the book investigates the origins of British sympathy for Italian nationalism during the 1850s, before charting the development of British foreign policy regarding Italy during its unification and consolidation. Emphasis is placed upon the tendency of British leaders and representatives to consider it their responsibility to guide the new Italy through its formative years, and upon their desire to draw Italy into a ‘special relationship’ with Britain as the dominant power within the Mediterranean.
Download or read book Nationalism in Modern Europe written by Derek Hastings and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nationalism has been, without question, one of the most potent political and cultural forces within Europe since the late-18th century. Placing particular emphasis on transnational and comparative links, Nationalism in Modern Europe provides a clear and accessible history of the development of nationalism in Europe from the French Revolution to the present. The book situates nationalist ideas and movements in Europe firmly within the context of other signifiers of identity and belonging – such as religion, race, and gender – while also providing comprehensive geographic coverage across Europe. It incorporates recent historiographical trends and debates as part of the discussion and includes 13 images, 9 maps and a range of primary source excerpts for classroom use. It is an essential volume for all students of the history of nationalism in modern Europe and a useful text for anyone seeking to know more about modern European history in general.
Download or read book The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism written by Duncan A. Campbell and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2024-04-10 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While historians have acknowledged that the issues of race, slavery, and emancipation were not unique to the American Civil War, they have less frequently recognized the conflict’s similarities to other global events. As renowned historian Carl Degler pointed out, the Civil War was “one among many” such conflicts during the mid-nineteenth century. Understanding the Civil War’s place in world history requires placing it within a global context of other mid-nineteenth-century political, social, and cultural issues and events. In The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism, Niels Eichhorn and Duncan A. Campbell explore the conflict from this perspective, taking a transnational and comparative approach, with a particular focus on the period from the 1830s to the 1870s. Eichhorn and Campbell examine the development of nationalism and its frequent manifestation, secession, by comparing the American experience with that of several other nations, including Germany, Hungary, and Brazil. They compare the Civil War to the Crimean and Franco-German wars to determine whether the American conflict was the first modern war. To gauge the potential of foreign intervention in the Civil War, they look to the time’s developing international debate on the legality of intercession and mediation in other nations’ insurgencies. Using the experiences of Indigenous peoples in the Americas, Africa, and the Antipodes, Eichhorn and Campbell suggest the extent to which the United States was an imperial project. To examine realpolitik, they study four vastly different practitioners—Otto von Bismarck, Louis Napoleon, Count Cavour, and Abraham Lincoln. Finally, they compare emancipation in the United States to that in Peru and the end of forced servitude in Russia, closing with a comparison of the memorialization of the Civil War with the experiences of other post-emancipation societies and an examination of how other nations mythologized their past conflicts and ignored uncomfortable truths in the pursuit of reconciliation. The Civil War in the Age of Nationalism avoids the limitations of American exceptionalism, making it the first genuine comparative and transnational study of the Civil War in an international context.
Download or read book The Modern Papacy 1798 1995 written by Frank J. Coppa and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious survey launches a major new five-volume series. It explores the response of the papacy, one of the world's longest-enduring institutions, to the multiplying challenges of the modern age. It runs from the French Revolution to the fall of the Soviet Union, ending with the pontificate of John Paul II, the first non-Italian pope since 1522. Frank Coppa examines the impact of major events like the Napoleonic conquests, Italian unification, two World Wars and the Cold War; he explores the attitudes of the papacy to such issues as liberalism, nationalism, fascism, communism and the modern, secular age; he examines the growing concern of the popes for the Catholic world beyond its traditional European home; and he tackles, objectively and judiciously, contentious topics like the "silence" of Pius XII. Engrossingly readable, the book offers a fresh and invigorating perspective on international relations across the past two centuries, and on the political and ideological emergence of the modern world, as well as its specifically papal concerns.
Download or read book The Creation of States in International Law written by James R. Crawford and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statehood in the early 21st century remains as much a central problem as it was in 1979 when the first edition of The Creation of States in International Law was published. As Rhodesia, Namibia, the South African Homelands and Taiwan then were subjects of acute concern, today governments, international organizations, and other institutions are seized of such matters as the membership of Cyprus in the European Union, application of the Geneva Conventions to Afghanistan, a final settlement for Kosovo, and, still, relations between China and Taiwan. All of these, and many other disputed situations, are inseparable from the nature of statehood and its application in practice. The remarkable increase in the number of States in the 20th century did not abate in the twenty five years following publication of James Crawford's landmark study, which was awarded the American Society of International Law Prize for Creative Scholarship in 1981. The independence of many small territories comprising the 'residue' of the European colonial empires alone accounts for a major increase in States since 1979; while the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the USSR in the early 1990s further augmented the ranks. With these developments, the practice of States and international organizations has developed by substantial measure in respect of self-determination, secession, succession, recognition, de-colonization, and several other fields. Addressing such questions as the unification of Germany, the status of Israel and Palestine, and the continuing pressure from non-State groups to attain statehood, even, in cases like Chechnya or Tibet, against the presumptive rights of existing States, James Crawford discusses the relation between statehood and recognition; the criteria for statehood, especially in view of evolving standards of democracy and human rights; and the application of such criteria in international organizations and between states. Also discussed are the mechanisms by which states have been created, including devolution and secession, international disposition by major powers or international organizations and the institutions established for Mandated, Trust, and Non-Self-Governing Territories. Combining a general argument as to the normative significance of statehood with analysis of numerous specific cases, this fully revised and expanded second edition gives a comprehensive account of the developments which have led to the birth of so many new states.
Download or read book Proceedings written by Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, 1750-1850 and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe written by Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, 1750-1850 and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: