Download or read book The Role of U S Maritime Policy in Strategic Sealift written by Stephen J. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2000-03 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic sealift is essential to the Department of Defense for it to carry out its national security mission. Surge sealift is provided primarily by DoD's organic fleet. Sustainment sealift is accomplished through chartering commercial ships. U.S. maritime policy places the primary requirement for sustainment sealift on the U.S. maritime industry. Policies dating to the 1920s attempt to ensure an adequate number of ships by providing operating subsidies and cargo preference. Despite these policies, the size of the U.S. commercial fleet has decline& DoD uses foreign flag ships to meet its needs when U.S.- flagged vessels are not available. Foreign flag ship use is significant and presents risk to the conduct of military operations. The world maritime industry has undergone significant change. The rise of flags of convenience and open registries has altered the industry. This thesis reviews U.S. maritime policy, DoD's requirement for sealift and options for obtaining sealift. It identifies and explores the nature of the risk related to strategic sealift facing the DoD as it enters the 21st century and suggests that the risk associated with the use of foreign flag vessels is low.

Download or read book Global Reach written by Ken Gaulden and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s, strategic sealift has been formally designated as a U.S. Navy mission. With over ninety percent of all military equipment and supplies required to support U.S. military forces in combat being delivered by sea, and as globalized interests and risks continue to spread, this mission is vital to the country’s economic and national security. Despite its necessity, sealift is rarely discussed as anything other than an operations adjunct and must be carried out in an environment of unprecedented fiscal constraints. Global Reach provides a unique examination into the development and implementation of more than a century of U.S. national defense sealift policy. Presenting a comprehensive history on the evolution of sealift from the Spanish American War (1898) to Operation Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom (2002–12), Herberger, Gaulden, and Marshall reflect on what has and has not worked in that time from both a legal and operational perspective. As international demands grow and change, so too must the sealift policies that are directly tied to how the nation will address them. With its thorough history and cogent analysis, Global Reach provides the context necessary to understand this complex, important topic, but also lays out a roadmap for how the U.S. can continue to meet and respond to the increasing challenges of the years to come.

Download or read book Meeting the Strategic Sealift Needs of the U S with a Limited Merchant Marine written by Kevin S. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ships and mariners of the U.S. merchant marine have played an important role in every war that the U.S. has entered this century. However, the U.S. merchant marine has been in a protracted decline. From a high of 3500 in 1945, the number of U.S.-flag ocean-going vessels has declined to 322 in 1997. And over the last 10 years, the number of active U.S. merchant seaman positions has fallen from 28,000 to 7,600. While the U.S. government has compensated for the decline in the numbers of ships by acquiring an organic strategic sealift fleet, no coordinated effort has been made to maintain an adequate pool of merchant mariners to man the ships. Currently, U.S. Maritime Administration estimates show that a shortfall of mariners available for strategic sealift will manifest early in the 21st century. Ironically, in the face of declining merchant marine, the U.S. is more dependent than ever on strategic sealift due to a reduced overseas presence and need the to have a force-projection military. This report frames the issue of the declining pool of mariners as a crisis that threatens to undermine the nation's ability to project military power in support of the National Security Strategy.

Download or read book National Sealift Policy written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strategic Sealift Needs of the United States written by Kevin S. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Backgrounder written by United States. Navy. Military Sealift Command and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The US Maritime Strategy written by Norman Friedman and published by Ihs Global Incorporated. This book was released on 1988 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forfatteren beskriver den amerikanske sømilitære strategi i 1980'erne og diskuterer den set i et historisk perspektiv, herunder overvejelser om, hvordan fremtidens sømilitære strategier ville se ud.

Download or read book US Naval Strategy and National Security written by Sebastian Bruns and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-22 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines US naval strategy and the role of American seapower over three decades, from the late 20th century to the early 21st century. This study uses the concept of seapower as a framework to explain the military and political application of sea power and naval force for the United States of America. It addresses the context in which strategy, and in particular US naval strategy and naval power, evolves and how US naval strategy was developed and framed in the international and national security contexts. It explains what drove and what constrained US naval strategy and examines selected instances where American sea power was directed in support of US defense and security policy ends – and whether that could be tied to what a given strategy proposed. The work utilizes naval capstone documents in the framework of broader maritime conceptual and geopolitical thinking, and discusses whether these documents had lasting influences in the strategic mind-set, the force structure, and other areas of American sea power. Overall, this work provides a deeper understanding of the crafting of US naval strategy since the final decade of the Cold War, its contextual and structural framework setting, and its application. To that end, the work bridges the gap between the thinking of American naval officers and planners on the one hand and academic analyses of Navy strategy on the other hand. It also presents the trends in the use of naval force for foreign policy objectives and into strategy-making in the American policy context. This book will be of much interest to students of naval power, maritime strategy, US national security and international relations in general.

Download or read book Logistics and Sealift Force Requirements and Force Structure Assessment written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Strategic Sealift and the National Military Strategy written by Lawrence M. Curtin and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's U.S. National Military Strategy is shifting its focus away from its long standing history of containing the Soviet threat through a concept of forward deployment of U.S. forces, with reinforcing forces being drawn from the Continental United States (CONUS). Instead of forward stationing, the' United States is modifying its strategy to one that centers around responding to crises worldwide through power projection, primarily with major land and air forces based in CONUS. With the advent of the CONUS-based strategy, the Armed Forces' capability to project its forces rapidly by means of sealift has become even more critical. Since the Spanish-American War, the U.S. has depended on a strong Merchant Marine fleet to deploy forces to the theater of operations. Unfortunately, as America turns to its new CONUS-based strategy and sealift gains in importance, its merchant marine industry is seriously deteriorating. This paper examines the status of the America's sealift assets, both commercial and strategic reserves, in light of their role in supporting our Armed Forces. Additionally, it considers how these assets directly affect the National Command Authority's ability to execute its military strategy.

Download or read book Persian Gulf Sealift Requirements written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strategic Sealift for Desert Shield written by Carl T. Bright and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although there have been several huge successes in the strategic sealift campaign in support of Desert Shield and Desert Storm, it is far from a blueprint for future contingencies. Shortfalls and lessons highlight strategic sealift as a continuing weak link in support of U.S. Navy Maritime Strategy. This research examined the Strategic Mobility Policy of the Department of Defense in the 1980's. It discusses the capabilities, limitations and effectiveness of the components of strategic sealift (Maritime/Afloat Prepositioning, Fast Sealift, Naval Defense Reserve Fleet and Ready Reserve Force) and their utility for future contingencies. There is small discussion on the impact of the decline of the Maritime industry on strategic sealift. In order to provide adequate sealift for future contingencies, The Strategic Mobility Policy for sealift should be modified to expand the Afloat Prepositioning Program to include Army equipment, reduce the National Defense Reserve Fleet and revitalize the Merchant Marine Industry."--Abstract

Download or read book The Evolution of the U S Navy s Maritime Strategy 1977 1986 written by John B. Hattendorf and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2004 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ... this is a case study of the process by which a strategy was developed and applied within the present American defense establishment ... bearing in mind the broad aspects involved in the rational development of a strategy through an understanding of national aims, technological and geographical constraints, and relative military abilities.

Download or read book Strategic Sealift for Desert Shield written by Carl T. Bright and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strategy Shelved written by Steven Wills and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2021-08-15 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As U.S. strategy shifts (once again) to focus on great power competition, Strategy Shelved provides a valuable, analytic look back to the Cold War era by examining the rise and eventual fall of the U.S. Navy’s naval strategy system from the post–World War II era to 1994. Steven T. Wills draws some important conclusions that have relevance to the ongoing strategic debates of today. His analysis focuses on the 1970s and 1980s as a period when U.S. Navy strategic thought was rebuilt after a period of stagnation during the Vietnam conflict and its high water mark in the form of the 1980s’maritime strategy and its attendant six hundred –ship navy force structure. He traces the collapse of this earlier system by identifying several contributing factors: the provisions of the Goldwater Nichols Act of 1986, the aftermath of the First Gulf War of 1991, the early 1990s revolution in military affairs, and the changes to the Chief of Naval Operations staff in 1992 following the end of the Cold War. All of these conditions served to undermine the existing naval strategy system. The Goldwater Nichols Act subordinated the Navy to joint control with disastrous effects on the long-serving cohort of uniformed naval strategists. The first Gulf War validated Army and Air Force warfare concepts developed in the Cold War but not those of the Navy’s maritime strategy. The Navy executed its own revolution in military affairs during the Cold War through systems like AEGIS but did not get credit for those efforts. Finally, the changes in the Navy (OPNAV) staff in 1992 served to empower the budget arm of OPNAV at the expense of its strategists. These measures laid the groundwork for a thirty-year “strategy of means” where service budgets, a desire to preserve existing force structure, and lack of strategic vision hobbled not only the Navy, but also the Joint Force’s ability to create meaningful strategy to counter a rising China and a revanchist Russian threat. Wills concludes his analysis with an assessment of the return of naval strategy documents in 2007 and 2015 and speculates on the potential for success of current Navy strategies including the latest tri-service maritime strategy. His research makes extensive use of primary sources, oral histories, and navy documents to tell the story of how the U.S. Navy created both successful strategies and how a dedicated group of naval officers were intimately involved in their creation. It also explains how the Navy’s ability to create strategy, and even the process for training strategy writers, was seriously damaged in the post–Cold War era.

Download or read book Maritime Options for the Future written by Ronald C. Hessdoerfer and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines current options facing legislators and policy makers who make decisions regarding the United States merchant marine and its related industrial support base, the shipbuilding industry. Included is a brief history of the merchant marine and the effects of past legislation, leading to the current environment faced by the members of the maritime industries. A brief review of the current government programs in the area of strategic sealift is addressed as well. The analysis includes the opinions and impressions of various representatives of the maritime industry, shipbuilders and ship operators, as well as government officials. This study culminates with a discussion of the current options being addressed in Congress. Conclusions and recommendations are drawn based on the author's findings and opinions. Originator-supplied keywords: Merchant Marine, Strategic sealift, Maritime policy, Shipbuilding, and Maritime legislation.

Download or read book Joint Strategy and Strategic Sealift for the Next Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The President's National Security Strategy calls for the U.S. military to "shape-respond-prepare" for a strategic environment that continues to advance U.S. interests. It also prescribes the necessity to move toward a more joint way of life. With increased emphasis on jointness, the Navy has made significant strides in becoming a partner with the other services. Not only are the serves more joint, but so are the organizations participating in contractual agreements. One area where DoD and industry have increased their joint relationship is in the area of strategic sealift. As the world's shipping industries have grown the U.S. industry has reduced by one third. This has presented DoD with a major dilemma. The current NSS calls for strategic sealift to support two simultaneous Major Regional Conflicts. The MSA of 1996 was passed by Congress to ensure supportability of U.S. forces overseas. The VISA is an agreement to make intermodal shipping services and capacity available to DoD as required to support the emergency deployment and sustainment of U.S. military forces. It is accomplished by cooperation between DoD, DoT, and Industry. This research presents analysis of current policies and sealift capabilities in support of the two MRC scenario.