Download or read book The Role of TNF TNFR2 Signal in Immunosuppressive Cells and its Therapeutic Implications written by Xin Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an indispensable role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and prevention of autoimmune diseases, and represent a major cellular mechanism of tumor immune evasion. Targeting of Tregs has great potential in the treatment of some major human diseases, including autoimmunity, transplant rejection, GvHD, and cancer, and are critical controllers of immunity to infectious pathogens. It is expected they will also be central to the control of allergic and inflammatory diseases. Understanding the biological pathways crucial for the regulation of Treg activity is a prerequisite for harnessing the immense therapeutic potential of Tregs. TNF is generally believed to be a master pro-inflammatory cytokine, and anti-TNF therapy has become a mainstay treatment for some autoimmune diseases. However, experimental evidence indicates that TNF preferentially activates Tregs, resulting in the expansive proliferation, phenotypic stability, and enhanced suppressive capacity of these immune suppressors. This effect of TNF is mediated by TNFR2, which is preferentially expressed by human and mouse Tregs. Furthermore, expression of TNFR2 is able to identify the most suppressive subset of Tregs. Although counterintuitive and contradictory to earlier reports, these findings have been supported by increasing experimental evidence from both human and mouse studies. These recent studies revealing the Treg-promoting effect of TNF not only leads to the redefinition of the immunological biology of this pleiotropic cytokine, they are also helpful in designing novel therapies in the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and GvHD, as well as enhancing current vaccines and immunomodulators. In this article collection, current knowledge on the cellular and molecular aspects of the Treg-stimulatory effect of the TNF-TNFR2 pathway will be discussed. An insight of the physiological and pathological roles of such effects of TNF in an inflammatory reaction and immune response will be provided. The seemingly contradictory Treg-promoting effect of TNF and immunosuppressive effect of anti-TNF therapy will be analyzed. Recent efforts to translate such discoveries into therapeutic benefits will be introduced. The novel strategies in the treatment of cancer and GvHD, by down- or up-regulation of Treg activity through targeting TNFR2, will be highlighted. In addition to Tregs, TNFR2 has also been found to play a key role in the accumulation and immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, the current understanding of the role of TNF-TNFR2 signal in other type of immunosuppressive cells, as well as its clinical and therapeutic implications, have also been considered.
Download or read book T Regulatory Cells in Human Health and Diseases written by Song-Guo Zheng and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one of the major challenges of immunology today that is being directed to the translation of the rapidly emerging volume of basic science contributions of immunology to clinical medicine. In so doing, the book systemically introduces and discusses concepts, classifications, phenotypic and functional descriptions of regulatory T (Treg) cells in health and disease. The authors of the 15 chapters were selected from among the most qualified experts in the field of Treg cell research who provide a comprehensive overview of Treg cells and their biology in the ensuing chapters. The beginning chapters provide a useful contemporary classification of Treg cell populations and then progress to chapters that explore basic mechanisms of Treg cell function and epigenetic control. In addition to descriptions of typical CD4+ Foxp3+ cells, other chapters provide detailed presentations of Treg subsets such as CD8+ Tregs and IL-10-producing Tr1 cells. The differences of various Treg subsets, as well as circulating and resident Treg cell populations, are next compared. Importantly, the next chapters provide the clinical correlation of Treg cells with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, cancer and organ transplantation and progress to chapters that highlight emerging innovative technology including nanoparticle-Treg cells and their translational values. In summary, the book will provide a valuable resource not only for graduate students and researchers in the fields of immunology, cell biology and translational medicine but also for all others interested in learning more about Treg cells and their application in human health and disease.
Download or read book Manipulating the Immunological Tumor Microenvironment written by Peng Qu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book T Regulatory Cells in Human Health and Diseases written by Song-Guo Zheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one of the major challenges of immunology today that is being directed to the translation of the rapidly emerging volume of basic science contributions of immunology to clinical medicine. In so doing, the book systemically introduces and discusses concepts, classifications, phenotypic and functional descriptions of regulatory T (Treg) cells in health and disease. The authors of the 15 chapters were selected from among the most qualified experts in the field of Treg cell research who provide a comprehensive overview of Treg cells and their biology in the ensuing chapters. The beginning chapters provide a useful contemporary classification of Treg cell populations and then progress to chapters that explore basic mechanisms of Treg cell function and epigenetic control. In addition to descriptions of typical CD4+ Foxp3+ cells, other chapters provide detailed presentations of Treg subsets such as CD8+ Tregs and IL-10-producing Tr1 cells. The differences of various Treg subsets, as well as circulating and resident Treg cell populations, are next compared. Importantly, the next chapters provide the clinical correlation of Treg cells with autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, cancer and organ transplantation and progress to chapters that highlight emerging innovative technology including nanoparticle-Treg cells and their translational values. In summary, the book will provide a valuable resource not only for graduate students and researchers in the fields of immunology, cell biology and translational medicine but also for all others interested in learning more about Treg cells and their application in human health and disease.
Download or read book TNFRSF Agonists Mode of action and therapeutic opportunities written by Nataša Obermajer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The receptors of the TNFRSF (TNFRs) are of overwhelming importance in the regulation of the immune system but are also involved in the induction of apoptotic cell death or cell survival and proliferation, making them excellent therapeutic targets for cancer but also other diseases. TNFRSF members provide crucial co-stimulatory signals to many if not all immune effector cells. Each co-stimulatory TNFR has a distinct expression profile and a unique functional impact on various types of cells and at different stages of the immune response. For example, the two receptors of TNF, TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) and TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2), regulate the interaction of the various types of immune cells and also the interplay of the latter with practically any type of non-hematopoietic cells; CD40 stimulates antigen-presenting cells; CD27, OX40, 41BB,GITR, HVEM and RANK costimulate T cells; BCMA, TACI, and BaffR regulate B-cell maturation; CD95 and the two death receptors of TRAIL contribute to tumor surveillance and Fn14, EDAR and XEDAR have been implicated in tissue regeneration and development. Correspondingly, exploiting TNFR-mediated signaling for the therapy of cancer but also of non-cancerous diseases is a major field of interest. A further application of TNFRSF signaling is the incorporation of the intracellular co-stimulatory domain of a TNFRSF receptor into so-called Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) constructs for CAR-T cell therapy, the most prominent example of which is the 4-1BB co-stimulatory domain included in the clinically approved product Kymriah. The goal of this research topic is to provide concise overview of the recent advances in our understanding of agonists targeting TNFRSF and their potential therapeutic use, in particular in cancers. The focus of the series of research and review articles includes but is not limited to the biology of TNFRSF receptors in distinct immune cell populations, structure-function relationship of TNFRSF agonists, current preclinical and clinical knowledge of co-stimulatory TNFR agonists, opportunities for next generation TNFRSF therapeutics alone or in combination with immune checkpoint molecules. We encourage the submission of original research articles supported by pre-clinical data. Review articles will also be considered. Data should consist of anti-tumor activity analyses encompassing various murine or humanized mouse models, assessment of TNFRSF targeting in translational ex vivo primary human tumor tissue settings, or innovative single cell or spatial analysis of TNFRSF expression and association with tumor progression in patient material. Submissions should not be limited to the in vitro evaluation of TNFRSF signaling. We expect submissions based on (but not limited to): • TNFRSF signaling in shaping the immune contexture for anti-tumor immunity. • Engaging cytotoxic TNFRSF signaling to treat cancer. • Engaging TNFRSF signaling in non-cancerous diseases. • Immunobiology of TNFRSF receptors in specific immune cell populations, eg regulatory T cells (TNFR2, 41BB, TNFRSF25, ..), dendritic cells (CD40, RANK …), NK cells … • Critical aspects of TNFRSF structure-function and receptor clustering . • Balancing agonistic strength with FcγR affinity in the context of opportunities for next generation anti-TNFR antibodies with improved pharmacologic properties. • TNFSF-based agonists with conditional or constitutive agonism. • Potential of simultaneous blockade of immune checkpoint molecules and co-stimulation of the TNFRSF in improving anti-tumor immunity. • Bispecific TNFR agonists. • anti-TNF-α agents in cancer immunotherapy. • Prominence and key features of TNFRSF members (4-1BB, OX40, CD27, CD40, HVEM, and GITR) as co-stimulatory domains in CAR-T cell therapy . • Current preclinical and clinical knowledge of co-stimulatory TNFR antibodies. Topic Editor Nataša Obermajer is a full time employee and shareholder of Janssen R&D, LLC, one of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson. Topic Editor Dr. Adam Zwolak is employed by Janssen R&D; The University of Würzburg has filed patent applications for TNFR2, Fn14 and CD40 agonists and bispecific anti-TNFR antibody formats with conditional activity with Dr. Harald Wajant as co-inventor. The University of Würzburg receives funding from Dualyx NV for the development of TNFR2 agonists
Download or read book Inflammatory Immune Disease Molecular Mechanisms Translational Approaches and Therapeutics written by Tao Xu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adult Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine From Cell Fate to Clinical Applications written by Sudjit Luanpitpong and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunopharmacology written by Manzoor M. Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decades, with the introduction of the recombinant DNA, hybridoma and transgenic technologies there has been an exponential evolution in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a large number of human diseases. The technologies are evident with the development of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents and the techniques used in gene therapy. Immunopharmacology is that area of biomedical sciences where immunology, pharmacology and pathology overlap. It concerns the pharmacological approach to the immune response in physiological as well as pathological events. This goals and objectives of this textbook are to emphasize the developments in immunology and pharmacology as they relate to the modulation of immune response. The information includes the pharmacology of cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, mechanism of action of immune-suppressive agents and their relevance in tissue transplantation, therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AIDS and the techniques employed in gene therapy. The book is intended for health care professional students and graduate students in pharmacology and immunology.
Download or read book Nijkamp and Parnham s Principles of Immunopharmacology written by Michael J. Parnham and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Immunopharmacology provides a unique source of essential knowledge on the immune response, its diagnosis and its modification by drugs and chemicals. The 4th edition of this internationally recognized textbook has been revised to include recent developments, but continues the established format, dealing with four related fields in a single volume, thus obviating the need to refer to several different textbooks. The first section of the book, providing a basic introduction to immunology and its relevance for human disease, has been updated to accommodate new immunological concepts, particularly the role of epigenetics and the latest understanding of cancer immunology. The second section on immunodiagnostics offers a topical description of widely used molecular techniques and a new chapter on imaging techniques. This is followed by a systematic coverage of drugs affecting the immune system, including natural products. This third section contains 15 updated chapters, covering classical immunopharmacological topics such as anti-asthmatic, anti-rheumatic and immunosuppressive drugs, but also deals with antibiotics, plant-derived and dietary agents, with new chapters on monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy in sepsis and infection, drugs for soft-tissue autoimmunity and cell therapy. The book concludes with a chapter on immunotoxicology and drug safety tests. Aids to the reader include a two-column format, glossaries of technical terms and appendix reference tables. The emphasis on illustrations is maintained from the first three editions. The book is a valuable single reference for undergraduate and graduate medical and biomedical students, postgraduate chemistry and pharmacy students, researchers in chemistry, biochemistry and the pharmaceutical industry and researchers lacking basic immunological knowledge, who want to understand the actions of drugs on the immune system.
Download or read book Regulatory T Cells written by Ling Lu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-26 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cancer Immunotherapy written by David B. Teplow and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-03 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Immunotherapy, Volume 165 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, provides informative monographs on a variety of research topics related to different approaches to cancer immunotherapy, with this release focusing on TNFR2 in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, From the Hellstrom paradox towards cancer cure, CAR T-cell treatment of T-cell malignancy , Immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer, Cancer stem cell immunology/immunotherapy, Cytokine release syndrome, Tumor cell-based mechanisms of resistance to immune attack, and Mushroom compounds in cancer immunotherapy. Includes comprehensive coverage of molecular biology Presents ample use of tables, diagrams, schemata and color figures to enhance the reader's ability to rapidly grasp the information provided Contains contributions from renowned experts in the field
Download or read book Inflammation and Cancer written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Download or read book The Cytokine Factsbook and Webfacts written by Katherine A. Fitzgerald and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-03 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and expanded, this second edition of The Cytokine FactsBook is the most up-to-date reference manual available for all current well-characterized interleukins, cytokines, and their receptors. An additional 52 cytokines are included, doubling the number of entries from the previous edition. The key properties of each cytokine are described and presented in a very accessible format with diagrams for each of the receptors. The Cytokine FactsBook includes free online access to the regularly updated Cytokine Webfacts. Cytokine Webfacts is a web-based comprehensive compendium of facts about cytokines and their receptors that includes a variety of data representations, such as text, signal pathway diagrams and 3D images. This exciting resource is integrated into other databases via hypertext links to provide a unique network, and contains a web-enabled version of RasMol for viewing structures.
Download or read book Blood Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Thomas K. Karikari and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Immune Response written by Tak W. Mak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2005-11-11 with total page 1217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Immune Response is a unique reference work covering the basic and clinical principles of immunology in a modern and comprehensive fashion. Written in an engaging conversational style, the book conveys the broad scope and fascinating appeal of immunology. The book is beautifully illustrated with superb figures as well as many full color plates. This extraordinary work will be an invaluable resource for lecturers and graduate students in immunology, as well as a vital reference for research scientists and clinicians studying related areas in the life and medical sciences. Current and thorough 30 chapter reference reviewed by luminaries in the field Unique ‘single voice' ensures consistency of definitions and concepts Comprehensive and elegant illustrations bring key concepts to life Provides historical context to allow fuller understanding of key issues Introductory chapters 1-4 serve as an ‘Immunology Primer' before topics are discussed in more detail
Download or read book Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine written by D. George and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2021-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most human tissues do not regenerate spontaneously, but the development of biotherapies using stem cells may offer promising alternatives. Among the possible medium-term therapeutic applications for this technique are: cardiac insufficiency, preparation of small diameter arteries, treatment of atherosclerosis, bone repair, cartilage defects, burns, diabetes, liver or bladder regeneration, and neurodegenerative disorders. This concept of regenerative medicine is an emerging multidisciplinary field involving surgery medicine, biology, chemistry, mechanics and engineering, and can be seen as a way of improving health and quality of life by restoring, maintaining, or enhancing tissue and organ function. This book presents the proceedings of the 9th China-France Symposium on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, held in Strasbourg, France, from 2-4 October 2019.The aim of the symposium was to provide researchers, clinicians and students with a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of stem cells and potential medical applications in cellular and tissue engineering for the treatment of various chronic diseases. It also brought together scientists from various disciplines and experiences to discuss recent advances in the use and applications of stem cells. The contributions presented here divide into three main themes: cells; tissue engineering; and clinical applications. Important complementary aspects such as ethics and cell marketing are also discussed. Illustrating the challenges and recent progress achieved in the characterization of stem cells, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Download or read book Novel Therapies for Tolerance Induction in Solid Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantation written by Michaela Lucas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
