Download or read book Civil Military Relations in Lebanon written by Are John Knudsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines Lebanon’s post-2011 security dilemmas and the tenuous civil-military relations. The Syrian civil war has strained the Lebanese Armed Forces’ (LAF) cohesion and threatens its neutrality – its most valued assets in a divided society. The spill-over from the Syrian civil war and Hezbollah’s military engagement has magnified the security challenges facing the Army, making it a target. Massive foreign grants have sought to strengthen its military capability, stabilize the country and contain the Syria crisis. However, as this volume demonstrates, the real weakness of the LAF is not its lack of sophisticated armoury, but the fragile civil–military relations that compromise its fighting power, cripple its neutrality and expose it to accusations of partisanship and political bias. This testifies to both the importance of and the challenges facing multi-confessional armies in deeply divided countries.
Download or read book The Lebanese Army written by Oren Barak and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2009 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Oren Barak sheds new light on the major political and social developments in Lebanon since its independence by focusing on the emergence of the Lebanese Army, its paralysis during the civil war from 1975 to 1990, and its reconstruction after the war. He discusses the remarkable transformation of a military dominated by one sector of society—the Christian communities, and particularly the Maronites—into one that is characterized by power sharing among Lebanon's various communities, large families, and regions. The book develops a new approach to the study of the role of the military in divided societies by examining military institutions from three intertwined angles: first, as major arenas for social coexistence and conflict; second, as actors that are involved in politics but are also affected by political processes; and third, as actors that promote the process of state formation. This comprehensive look at Lebanon will inform the discussion of other divided societies, such as Afghanistan and Iraq, that face the dual challenge of restoring the political system and the security sector after state failure and intrastate conflict.
Download or read book The Role of the Lebanese Army written by Peder Magnus Klevan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this thesis is to closely examine the contemporary role of the Leb anese Army. The thesis seeks to understand the contemporary role of the Lebanese Army through: a) historical analysis, by identifying the role and development o f the Lebanese Army from its creation until now, b) examining the mission statem ent in accordance with its history, military capabilities and its neighbors' mil itary capacities, in order to derive a military doctrine, or guiding principles of action, c) exploring the Lebanese Army's reputation for political neutrality, which is always vulnerable to external interference, which may result in politi cization, d) identifying the role the Lebanese Army plays in internal matters th rough reviewing three contemporary scenarios, e) understanding its vulnerabiliti es. An analysis of the previous chapters will allow for a recognition of the de facto role of the Lebanese Army as an internal security force, which is in const ant jeopardy of disintegration as a result of the continuous political turmoil t hat has defined Lebanon since its independence in 1943. A predominant thought is that the Lebanese Army is an accelerator of social cohe sion, but it is not a social cohesion builder, but rather a social destruction p reventer. The Lebanese Army has typically taken an apolitical stand in internal conflicts, which increases the trust in the institution, allowing it to perform its de facto role. Although during the Civil War, 1975-1990, the Lebanese Army e xperienced disintegration on more than one occasion, recent incidents, such as N ahr al-Barid and a rigorous PR program, contributed to a revival of the legacy o f the Lebanese Army. Identifying the role of the Lebanese Army allows us to understand the institutio n's actions and inactions in previous, contemporary and future scenarios. This understanding is essential to grasp the likely consequence of external military assistance to the Lebanese Army.
Download or read book Not War But Like War written by Roger J. Spiller and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study began in August 1979 as a series of notes for a lecture on the employment of contingency forces at the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. The lecture was intended to serve as a historical introduction to the subject, using the 1958 American intervention in Lebanon as a case in point. It was thought that by analyzing the Lebanon intervention one could demonstrate several important lessons: how political and diplomatic objectives directly affect the character of modern military operations; how an operational military plan is conceived and what evolutions it endures before it is executed; how such plans, though they appear to anticipate every operational problem, are usually unequal to the realities of operational practice; and, finally, how valuable a quality mental agility can be when put to use by a military commander and his subordinates. Interestingly, most of the literature dealt with the Marines if of it took notice of military operations at all.
Download or read book Assad and the Peace Process The Pivotal Role of Lebanon written by Stephen C. Pelletiere and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2022 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rebuilding Armed Forces written by Florence Gaub and published by Strategic Studies Institute. This book was released on 2011 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security Force Assistance becomes more and more important not only in the post-conflict reconstruction process, but also in a more general way in the foreign policy of the United States. Looking into the experience of both Iraq and Lebanon, this monograph offers useful insights for future military assistance programs and reconstruction efforts. While current assistance programs are certainly of high quality in technical terms, this publication sheds light on the equally important, yet often overlooked social dimension. Elements such as ethnic composition, exclusion of politically compromised personnel, and the armed forces' image in society will determine the military's future success just as much as technical training. How to improve these aspects is explained in this analysis.
Download or read book Warfare in Lebanon written by Kenneth J. Alnwick and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To better understand the nature of the sectarian warfare in Lebanon, the National Defense University's Institute for National Strategic Studies and the Central Intelligence Agency co-sponsored a workshop on the Lebanese situation, examining it particularly as an illustration of what is often called 'low-intensity conflict'. This examination, though revealing no easy solution, has clarified the issues in the war, including the complex motives behind Syria's sometimes contradictory actions toward Lebanon. This ... analysis of the Lebanon tragedy examines the major problems the civil war poses for Western policymakers. It treats Lebanon as a possible model for understanding low-intensity conflict elsewhere in the Third World. From such analysis and understanding, the major powers can learn better ways to help resolve similar conflicts"--Foreword.
Download or read book The Lebanese Forces written by Nader Moumneh and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, author Nader Moumneh–a Canadian senior policy adviser of Lebanese descent– examines the research of the formation and evolution of the Christian resistance in Lebanon he performed as a graduate student at the American University of Beirut in the early 1990s. He has conducted hundreds of lengthy interviews with senior Lebanese Forces leaders who were thoroughly impressed by his communicative yet assertive personality, his scrupulous presentation of facts, his obsessive attention to detail, and most importantly, his unwavering determination to unveil behind-the-scenes events. Mr. Moumneh drew upon his self-acquired persuasion tactics and negotiation strategies to earn the Lebanese Forces’ trust and gain access to top secret, never-before published information. Since then, he has continually revised and expanded the manuscript to address the rapidly changing situation in Lebanon and the Middle East. The Lebanese Forces: Emergence and Transformation of the Christian Resistance has taken twenty-five years to produce and is unique in its own right. Mr. Moumneh’s work is not a typical re-telling of the Lebanese crisis, rather it is a magnificent blend of skillful craftsmanship, an unprecedented wealth of painstakingly referenced chronological research and now declassified intelligence information.
Download or read book Rebuilding Armed Forces written by Florence Gaub and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security Force Assistance becomes more and more important not only in the post-conflict reconstruction process, but also in a more general way in the foreign policy of the United States. Looking into the experience of both Iraq and Lebanon, this monograph offers useful insights for future military assistance programs and reconstruction efforts. While current assistance programs are certainly of high quality in technical terms, this publication sheds light on the equally important, yet often overlooked social dimension. Elements such as ethnic composition, exclusion of politically compromised personnel, and the armed forces' image in society will determine the military's future success just as much as technical training. How to improve these aspects is explained in this analysis.
Download or read book The Lebanese Armed Forces written by Aram Nerguizian and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to examine the force development challenges that the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) are facing in post-Syria Lebanon. It also seeks to build on opportunities for Lebanon and its foreign allies to strengthen the LAF both as a local institution, and as a stabilizing fighting force in the Middle East. The analysis reveals that the LAF has become more representative, more balanced and more capable as a fighting force. Furthermore, it is unlikely that Lebanon could have weathered the turbulence of the post-Syria era without the LAF. Local and international actors also appreciate the military's role as a stabilizer in Lebanon and the Middle East. If the Lebanese military is to consolidate its position as the guarantor of Lebanon and as a positive force in the region, the present unique opportunity to develop the LAF as a fighting force has to be pursued in earnest. Lebanon's competing parties, the LAF and the country's international allies, especially the United States, will face important challenges in 2009 and beyond on the road to LAF force development.
Download or read book We Were Caught Unprepared written by Matt M. Matthews and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The fact that the outcome of the 2006 Hezbollah-Israeli War was, at best, a stalemate for Israel has confounded military analysts. Long considered the most professional and powerful army in the Middle East, with a history of impressive military victories against its enemies, the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) emerged from the campaign with its enemies undefeated and its prestige tarnished. This historical analysis of the war includes an examination of IDF and Hezbollah doctrine prior to the war, as well as an overview of the operational and tactical problems encountered by the IDF during the war. The IDF ground forces were tactically unprepared and untrained to fight against a determined Hezbollah force. ¿An insightful, comprehensive examination of the war.¿ Illustrations.
Download or read book The U S Intervention in Lebanon 1958 written by David W. Gray and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1984 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Gray was contacted by Major Wade to offer input regarding his participation in the 1958 intervention in Lebanon. General Gray responded with this paper which provides information about logistics, and a 'detailed and candid account of his activities.' General Gray also disputed some of the information in the Leavenworth Paper No. 3 (Not war but like war) by historian Dr. Roger Spiller. --
Download or read book Lebanon written by John C. Rolland and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon - Current Issues & Background
Download or read book Politics and War in Lebanon written by Mordechai Nisan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon is an exceptionally misunderstood country; its religious politics are typically misrepresented and denigrated in Western political commentary. Politics and War in Lebanon offers a lucid examination of Lebanese society and politics. Mordechai Nisan examines Lebanon in its own termson its own cultural turf. He then points to the causes of political disintegration in 1975 and explores the capacity of Lebanon to recover and retain its unique national poise.Avoiding disorienting Western stereotypes, Nisan presents Lebanon in its own native frame of reference, as a multi-ethnic country that operates according to its immutable and enigmatic political forms. Lebanon is different from other Arab countries, as demonstrated through its very complex electoral system, its tradition of cross-elite cooperation, and its special sense of Lebanese national identity that differentiates it from its overbearing Syrian neighbor.Nisan explores intra-Maronite Christian feuds, identifies Syria's occupation strategy, analyzes the violence of the Palestinians, and studies Israel's failed policy strategy and the role of Hezbollah in the Lebanese power equation. Lebanon is caught between its special historical identity as a country ofpoise, creativity, and liberty and the interminable warfare in the streets and villages of the country. Although its future appears dim, its resilience enabled it to prevail in the past, and may yet continue to do so.
Download or read book Beirut 1958 written by Bruce Riedel and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Find out about the 1958 U.S. intervention that succeeded and apply those lessons to today's conflicts in the Middle East In July 1958, U.S. Marines stormed the beach in Beirut, Lebanon, ready for combat. They were greeted by vendors and sunbathers. Fortunately, the rest of their mission—helping to end Lebanon's first civil war—went nearly as smoothly and successfully, thanks in large part to the skillful work of American diplomats who helped arrange a compromise solution. Future American interventions in the region would not work out quite as well. Bruce Riedel's new book tells the now-forgotten story (forgotten, that is, in the United States) of the first U.S. combat operation in the Middle East. President Eisenhower sent the Marines in the wake of a bloody coup in Iraq, a seismic event that altered politics not only of that country but eventually of the entire region. Eisenhower feared that the coup, along with other conspiracies and events that seemed mysterious back in Washington, threatened American interests in the Middle East. His action, and those of others, were driven in large part by a cast of fascinating characters whose espionage and covert actions could be grist for a movie. Although Eisenhower's intervention in Lebanon was unique, certainly in its relatively benign outcome, it does hold important lessons for today's policymakers as they seek to deal with the always unexpected challenges in the Middle East. Veteran analyst Bruce Reidel describes the scene as it emerged six decades ago, and he suggests that some of the lessons learned then are still valid today. A key lesson? Not to rush to judgment when surprised by the unexpected. And don't assume the worst.
Download or read book International Peacekeeping In Lebanon written by Ramesh Thakur and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the efficacy of U.N. peace efforts, Dr. Ramesh Thakur compares limited peacekeeping through U.N. authority with more coercive means such as the Multinational Force (MNF) in Lebanon. He finds that the role of the U.S.-led MNF coalition cannot be justified in terms of great-power responsibility for ensuring a stable international order, since the coalition has attempted to substitute military power for authoritative peacekeeping. When MNF legitimacy was questioned and authority was challenged, the MNF's use of force in response to those challenges switched the coalition's role from third-party peacekeeper to factional participant. As a result, every successive attempt to strengthen the MNF mandate has further subordinated the concept of neutral international peacekeeping to calculated support of national interests. If reasoned attempts to keep the peace are not to collapse into exercises in national self-interest, then peacekeeping responsibilities must remain with the U.N., supported by the great powers: Only the U.N. can provide an authoritative exposition of values within the context of international society and bestow international legitimacy upon peacekeeping activities; only the great powers can back the U.N. with requisite force.
Download or read book U S Security Assistance to Lebanon written by Casey L. Addis and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Background; (2) U.S. Security Assistance to Lebanon: (a) U.S. Military Assistance to the LAF: International Military and Education Training (IMET); Section 1206; Foreign Military Financing (FMF); (b) U.S. Military Assistance to the ISF: Training; Equipment; Infrastructure; (3) Issues for Congress: Vetting and End-Use Monitoring; The LAF as a National Institution; The Effectiveness of U.S. Security Assistance to Lebanon; (4) 2009 Parliamentary Elections and the Future of U.S. Security Assistance to Lebanon. Table.
