Download or read book The Role of Physical Fitness in the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Chronic Inflammation in Patients Enrolled in Cardiac Rehabilitation written by Elizabeth Casey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression often accompanies cardiovascular disease and is related to increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Inflammation is a proposed mechanism that may link depression and increased risk of mortality among cardiac patients. Depression is associated with reduced vagal control, which may lead to the nervous system's impaired ability to properly regulate inflammation. Exercise and physical fitness are associated with improved vagal control, as well as with reductions in depression, inflammation, and mortality risk. The present study examined the roles of physical fitness and vagal control in the relationship between depression and inflammation. Depression, physical fitness, indices of vagal control, and stimulated production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) were assessed in 96 patients enrolled in phase-II cardiac rehabilitation. There were no overall significant relationships between depression and IL-6 or TNF-alpha. However, physical fitness appeared to have a moderating effect as depression was related to elevated stimulated production of IL-6 only among patients with lower levels of physical fitness. Depression was related to lower physical fitness, elevated body mass index, and lower age. Given that treating depression through medication or therapy has not led to reduced risk of mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease, additional emphasis on improving physical fitness in this patient population may be warranted.

Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Download or read book Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Depressed Versus Nondepressed Individuals on Fitness Depression and Perceived Exertion written by Vicki Haywood Doe and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affect sensory feedback from increases in heart rate, blood pressure, workload (METs) and ventilation during volitional peak treadmill exercise stress test (GXT) peak are known to affect perceived exertion. These responses may differ between depressed (DEP) and non-depressed (NON) cardiac patients. The purpose of this study was to determine if exercise training would positively affect perceived exertion (RPE), functional capacity (FC), and depressive symptoms among cardiac patients enrolled in a phase-II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. The participants (DEP-N=10; BDI-13 or above and NON-N =8; BDI-6 or below) who took both an entry and exit treadmill exercise stress test and underwent 25 sessions of the CR exercise training program were assessed. Depressive symptoms were measured pre- and post-intervention using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and structured diagnostic interview. Multivariate analyses were conducted to compare the DEP and NON groups on measures of METs, RPE, and BDI obtained from GXT peak and BDI screenings. The results revealed that after CR exercise training program, the mean RPE scores (Borg scale) for both DEP and NON were significantly lower at the 50% intensity level of exercise stress test (p [less than] 0.005). The mean maximum MET scores significantly improved for both DEP and NON groups (p [less than] 0.005). The DEP group had significant reduction in mean BDI scores (p [less than] 0.005). The results from this study suggest that after CR exercise training both depressed and non-depressed cardiac patients will have increased FC, lower RPE, and reduced depressive symptoms. There is an association of improved FC to lower RPE.

Download or read book The Role of Physical Fitness on Cardiovascular Responses to Stress written by Arto J Hautala and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular responses to physical and/ or mental stressors has been a topic of great interest for some time. For example, significant changes of cardiovascular control and reactivity have been highlighted as important mechanisms for the protective effect of exercise as a simple and effective, non medical therapy for many pathologies. However, despite the great number of studies performed to date (e.g. >54,000 entries in Pubmed for “cardiovascular stress”), important questions of the role stress has on cardiovascular function still remain. For instance, What factors account for the different cardiovascular responses between mental and physical stressors? How do these different components of the cardiovascular system interact during stress? Which cardiovascular responses to stress are the most important for identifying normal, depressed, and enhanced cardiovascular function? Can these stress-induced responses assist with patient diagnosis and prognosis? What impact does physical fitness have on the relationship between cardiovascular function and health? The current topic examined our current understanding of cardiovascular responses to stress and the significant role that physical fitness has on these responses for improved function and health. Manuscripts focusing on heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate recovery, and other novel cardiovascular assessments were especially encouraged.

Download or read book Relationship Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Depression of Patients Pre cardiac Rehabilitation written by Sooni Seul and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact of a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program and Gender on Depressive Symptoms in Cardiac Patients written by Natalie Kym Marshall-Prain and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relationship of Physical Fitness Depression and Mortality in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Cohort written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cardiovascular Diseases and Depression written by Bernhard T. Baune and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is witnessing a burgeoning global epidemic of chronic cerebro- and cardiovascular disease and depression disorders. The reader will find this comprehensive book to be a long-needed, up-to-date knowledge base on these increasingly recognized comorbid conditions that have long-term consequences for individual function and well-being and society in general. This comprehensive book outlines the complex and bidirectional relationship between various types of depression and cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases. It is written by a range of experts in the field, including psychiatrists, cardiologists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and epidemiologists, with the aim of presenting and discussing the most recent evidence on the pathophysiology, neurobiology, and clinical presentation of these common and disabling comorbid conditions and the available pharmacological, psychological, and behavioral interventions. By elucidating the underlying clinical and neurobiological mechanisms in the brain and the rich interplay between the body and the brain biology, the book brings together the latest knowledge of this overlapping area in Psychiatry and Cardiology. The clear descriptions of evidence-based approaches to clinical treatment ensure that it will serve as both an up-to-date overview and a future guide for practicing clinicians and graduate students.

Download or read book Social Support and Health Behaviors in Cardiac Rehabilitation written by Jillian Mae Ricks Clark and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social support and psychological factors (i.e., depression) have been linked to negative outcomes, such as recurrence and mortality, following a cardiac event. Further, these constructs have been associated with health behaviors in both the general population and within samples of patients with cardiovascular disease. As suggested by a conceptual model, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social support and health behaviors in individuals with cardiovascular disease, and the mediating roles adherence to cardiac rehabilitation (as measured by number of sessions completed) and depressive symptoms may play in this relationship. It was hypothesized that social support at the beginning of cardiac rehabilitation would be positively related to health behaviors 18 months after cardiac rehabilitation, and that adherence to cardiac rehabilitation and depressive symptoms at the end of cardiac rehabilitation would mediate this relationship. Participants (n=83) were recruited at the beginning of a cardiac rehabilitation program and completed questionnaires at Time 1 (beginning of their programs), Time 2 (end of their programs), and Time 3 (18 months following the end of their programs). Path analysis results did not support the hypothesized model as fitting these data. Further, parameter estimates of the path model indicated that both social support and adherence to cardiac rehabilitation were not related to any constructs within the model. Depressive symptoms were negatively related to health behaviors, confirming prior research. Results suggest that cardiac rehabilitation practitioners should identify individuals who are experiencing greater depressive symptoms following a cardiac event and promote intervention methods to address their heightened psychological distress. This approach would be complementary to the ultimate goal of cardiac rehabilitation-lifestyle modification to adhere to recommended health behaviors to reduce the likelihood of cardiac event recurrence and cardiac-related mortality.

Download or read book Influence of Traits Coping Affect and Illness Knowledge on Adherence Among Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation written by Jamie Lu Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Dispositional traits, such as repressive coping (avoiding the experience of negative emotions), alexithymia (difficulty identifying or communicating negative emotions), and optimism, as well as coping style, negative affect, and illness knowledge are associated with health behavior change, adherence, and quality of life among cardiac patients. However, prior studies have not examined the influence of interactions among these factors for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) outcomes and adherence. Aims of the current study included: 1) To examine the impact of dispositional traits on treatment adherence, rehabilitation outcomes, and quality of life in CR patients; 2) to investigate the mediating influence of coping strategies on the relationship between dispositional traits and treatment adherence; 3) to examine effects of acute change in affect and illness knowledge among repressors on treatment adherence, CR outcomes, and quality of life; and, 4) to evaluate depressive and anxiety symptoms as mediators of the relationship between dispositional traits and CR treatment adherence/quality of life. The current study included 56 CR patients (65% male, 59% Caucasian, mean age = 59.5, SD = 12.2 years) who participated in a 12-week CR program that included 36 exercise sessions and 10 educational classes. Participants completed self-report measures at the initiation and completion of CR. At baseline, measures included repressive coping, alexithymia, optimism, depressive and anxiety symptoms, physical and emotional quality of life, and illness knowledge. At the completion of CR, participants completed measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms, physical and emotional quality of life, and illness knowledge. In addition, CR outcomes (e.g., change in VO2max, change in lipid consumption) and adherence (e.g., number of session attended and time spent exercising) were recorded. Visual analogue scales were completed before and after each education class to measure the impact of receiving illness knowledge on affect. Analyses of variance were employed to determine differences between repressors and non-repressors on CR outcomes and adherence. Linear regression was used to examine whether alexithymia and optimism were associated with change in CR outcomes and adherence. Hierarchical linear modeling was utilized to explore whether repressive coping, alexithymia, or optimism was associated with change in time spent exercising as prescribed over the course of CR. Results revealed overall improvement in lipid consumption, VO2max, and physical functioning, as well as increased positive affect and decreased negative affect after attending the education classes. Knowledge about heart disease increased by the conclusion of CR. Repressors engaged in less avoidance coping than non-repressors, and repressors reported increased negative affect post-CR. Greater illness knowledge among repressors at baseline was associated with reduced depressive symptoms following CR. Alexithymia was associated with both poorer attendance and avoidance coping. Contrary to study hypotheses, repressive coping was not associated with poorer CR outcomes or adherence; and optimism did not predict CR outcomes or adherence. Coping style moderated the relationship between repressive coping and change in emotional quality of life, but did not moderate the relationship between alexithymia and attendance, suggesting that the reason for non-attendance is not explained by avoidance of CR. Relatively low levels of repression in the study sample may have contributed to the limited findings for repressive coping. Some dispositional traits may not be important predictors of CR outcomes and adherence. In sum, results indicated physical benefits of CR, and dispositional traits are important for understanding CR outcomes and adherence.

Download or read book The Relationship of Depressive Symptoms Post Myocardial Infarction And or Revascularization Procedure on Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase Two Enrollment of Women written by Kathy Spencer and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relationship Between Quality of Life and Physical Activity with Diagnosed Myocardial Infarction written by Meagan N. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to determine if physical activity is related to health related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults who have a history of myocardial infarction. This study included eight older adults with history of myocardial infarction who were enrolled in a medically supervised exercise and education program known as cardiac rehabilitation. Each participant completed the HRQoL survey and wore a FitBit for three consecutive days in order to measure physical activity level. A Pearson’s correlation test was run. Results showed that HRQoL and physical activity level did not correlate when the data was run with the outlier present (r = .46, P = .29, P > 0.05) or without the outlier present (r = .14, P = .77, P > 0.05). In conclusion, there was no significant correlation between HRQoL and physical activity level in older adults with history of myocardial infarction. The number of participants in this study was less than expected. There were only 8 participants who agreed to participate in the present research study, which was limited by diagnosis and age. During the data collection process, 19 patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation either did not have an MI diagnosis or qualify to participate based on age. Three patients, who did qualify, did not want to participant in the study. Further research needs to be conducted with a larger sample size and a wider range of heart diagnoses in cardiac rehabilitation in order to get a more reliable and valid result. The research sample should be open to all patients who have been diagnosed with an MI or who have had heart procedures (Stent/PTCA) or open-heart surgery (CABG) in order to obtain a more reliable measure. The present research study is unique because all patients are post-MI and are enrolled in a medically supervised exercise program in order to educate them on how to exercise and what guidelines to follow. Future research could control for the type of MI each participant has or how many bypasses or stents each participant received and investigate any differences in the results that may appear after analyzing steps per day and HRQoL.

Download or read book Depression and Inflammation written by Samantha Lawes and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Associations Between Benefit Finding Disease Severity Positive Affect and Health Outcomes Among Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation written by Anahi Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a stressful event, individuals may attempt to create meaning or find benefit from the stressor. Benefit finding (BF) may act as a buffer to minimize the effects of stress on health outcomes. The literature is mixed regarding relationships between BF and mental and physical health outcomes within a variety of illnesses, which may be partly due to missing moderator or mediator variables. Therefore, using secondary data from an ongoing study at a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program within a safety-net hospital, it was hypothesized that the relationship between BF and health outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms, healthy dietary behaviors, and functional capacity via six-minute walk test results) would be mediated by positive affect, which would be moderated by disease severity (operationalized here as risk stratification for disease progression). It was also hypothesized that BF would increase over time, such that BF at the end of CR (i.e., Time 2), would be significantly higher than BF at the beginning of CR (i.e., Time 1). Results showed that the hypothesis about BF increasing over time was supported, but the remaining were not supported. That is, risk stratification failed to moderate the relationship between positive affect and BF. In addition, positive affect was unrelated to depressive symptoms and six-minute walk scores, but negatively related to healthy dietary behaviors. Study limitations and future directions are discussed.

Download or read book The Relationship Between Physical Activity Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning written by Imari-Ashley F. Palma and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Depression Symptoms written by Sara Dover and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Previous studies examining the relationship between depression and physical activity have been epidemiological in nature and have measured physical activity subjectively. The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between objectively measured physical activity and depressive symptoms. Methods: The study sample included 24 sedentary obese participants (3 male, 21 female) with elevated waist circumference and one additional cardiovascular risk factor. To assess depression, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Average steps/day were measured over the course of 7-consecutive days using a Lifecorder Plus pedometer (Lees Summit, Missouri). Pearson correlations were performed to evaluate the association between average steps/day and depression. Results: The study sample had a mean (SD) body mass index of 34.7 (± 4.2 kg/m2), a mean steps/day of 5310.6 (± 2041.3 steps/day), and a mean PHQ-9 score of 3.0 (± 2.6). Average step counts were not significantly associated with PHQ (r=0.17, p=0.44). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that there is no association between objectively determined step counts and depression. The present analysis may be limited by a constrained range of physical activity levels and depression scores, and the small sample size.

Download or read book Physical Activity and Well being Post cardiac Rehabilitation written by Chelsey Saunders and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Both physical activity and well-being have been shown to play an important role for individuals with cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms responsible for enhancing well-being and physical activity in this population remains unclear. The purpose of this study was (a) to examine if a bidirectional relationship exists between physical activity with both hedonic (accepted as the pursuit of pleasure, happiness, comfort and enjoyment) and eudaimonic (equates happiness with the human ability to pursue complex goals that are meaningful to the individual and society) well-being and (b) to test a proposed modified empirical eudaimonic model of well-being in a sample of individuals who completed a cardiac rehabilitation program. This modified model adds hedonic motives and well-being and examines where physical activity fits within the model. Individuals who completed a cardiac rehabilitation program within the last five years (N = 57) were asked to answer to a set of well-being and basic psychological needs questionnaires and wear an accelerometer for nine days to measure physical activity. Results showed that the relationship between eudaimonic well-being and physical activity appeared to be bi-directional as the strength of the path coefficients were similar when baseline physical activity predicted residual change in eudaimonic well-being at three months (B = .002, 95%CI = .00 to .003, [beta]=.15) and when baseline eudaimonic well-being predicted residual change in physical activity at three months (B = 20.83, 90%CI=-6.75 to 72.26, [beta]=.16). The relationship between hedonic well-being and physical activity was uni-directional whereby physical activity predicted hedonic well-being (B=.002, 95%CI = .00 to .006, [beta]=.15). The empirical eudaimonic model of well-being and the modified model with addition of hedonic motives and well-being was supported in a post-cardiac rehabilitation sample. Physical activity fit best as a predictor of the modified empirical model. Overall, physical activity and well-being are two variables important for adults in post-cardiac rehabilitation given their interrelationships. Future prospective studies should attempt to replicate these findings to ensure some consistency in the relationships given the small sample size of this study. Future interventions in individuals post-cardiac rehabilitation could attempt to include well-being interventions aimed to enhance one's interest, elevating experiences and meaning in life while maintaining a strong focus on physical activity. " --