Download or read book The Role of Health Risk Perception Variables on Smoking related Outcomes in a Motivational Interviewing based Intervention for College Students written by John David Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of health risk perception in smoking behavior was prospectively evaluated in a cluster-randomized trial for smoking cessation in college students. Optimistic bias, future precaution effectiveness, perceived vulnerability, and smoking behavior measures (quit attempts and cessation) were assessed in 302 college-aged student smokers at baseline, end of treatment (3 months), and follow-up (6 months). Logistic regression analyses that controlled for level of smoking were used to examine risk perception variables as predictor of smoking outcomes. Results revealed that higher baseline future precaution effectiveness predicted a greater likelihood of quit attempts at end of treatment [OR = 1.11 (1.001, 1.24)] and a greater likelihood of cessation [OR = 1.14 (1.01, 1.29)] at follow-up. Unexpectedly, higher baseline levels of perceived vulnerability predicted a reduced likelihood of cessation at end of treatment [OR = .67 (.55, .83)] and follow-up [OR = .78 (.63, .97)]. As expected, however increases in perceived vulnerability from baseline to end of treatment predicted a greater likelihood of quit attempts at end of treatment [OR = 1.57 (1.24, 1.98)] and follow-up (OR = 1.62 (1.25, 2.08)] and cessation at end of treatment [OR = 1.27 (1.01, 1.62)]. Taken as a whole, results suggest that perceived vulnerability was the best predictor of smoking behavior change and supports further examination of the role of risk perceptions in promoting smoking cessation among college smokers.
Download or read book Construction of Smoking relevant Risk Perceptions Among College Students written by Jennifer Elaine Irvin and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the potential joint influence of need for cognition (NC), the dispositional preference for engaging in (or avoiding) effortful cognitive processing of information, and type of smoking risk message (i.e., factual and evaluative messages similar in message content and length) on the construction of smoking-relevant risk perceptions among college smokers. A secondary purpose was to examine potential mechanisms through which changes in risk perception might occur. 227 college smokers evaluated one of three pamphlets, (1) a factual (i.e., primarily fact-based) smoking risk pamphlet, (2) an evaluative (i.e., primarily emotion based) smoking risk pamphlet, or (3) a control pamphlet unrelated to smoking. Among occasional smokers, NC interacted with type of risk message to influence perceptions of post-pamphlet risk for several of the risk perception outcomes examined. Specifically, smokers lower in NC reported higher levels of perceived risk in response to the evaluative pamphlet whereas smokers higher in NC reported greater perceived risk in response to the factual pamphlet. The interaction did not predict risk perception outcomes among daily smokers. Significant changes in the mechanisms examined were not observed. Findings provide evidence that NC interacts with type of smoking risk message to influence changes in smoking-related health risk perceptions among occasional college smokers. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Download or read book TIP 35 Enhancing Motivation for Change in Substance Use Disorder Treatment Updated 2019 written by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation is key to substance use behavior change. Counselors can support clients' movement toward positive changes in their substance use by identifying and enhancing motivation that already exists. Motivational approaches are based on the principles of person-centered counseling. Counselors' use of empathy, not authority and power, is key to enhancing clients' motivation to change. Clients are experts in their own recovery from SUDs. Counselors should engage them in collaborative partnerships. Ambivalence about change is normal. Resistance to change is an expression of ambivalence about change, not a client trait or characteristic. Confrontational approaches increase client resistance and discord in the counseling relationship. Motivational approaches explore ambivalence in a nonjudgmental and compassionate way.
Download or read book Motivational Interviewing Via Co Active Life Coaching as an Intervention for Tobacco Control written by Tara Mantler and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this Motivational Interviewing (MI) via Co-Active Life Coaching (CALC) research program in tobacco control was to assess the effectiveness of this individualized, interactive intervention. This was achieved through a critical appraisal and literature review of the individual dimensions of MI currently used in cognitive-behavioural smoking cessation interventions, as well as MI applied via CALC intervention studies at both the individual- and population-levels. Article 1 provides the critically appraised and systematic review of literature exploring three dimensions of MI (social support, motivation, and tailored interventions) which were implemented independently in cognitive-behavioural cessation interventions. The effectiveness of these dimensions at promoting cessation was assessed and yielded mixed results. The purpose of Article 2 was to assess the impact of MI-via-CALC on selected cessation outcomes among young adults (19-25 years) and found the immediate intervention group, compared to the waitlist group, had a significant reduction in smoking behaviours (number of cigarettes smoked per day and cigarette dependency) and significant increases in personal competency (self-esteem and self-efficacy). Additionally, at 12-months post-intervention a cessation rate of 31.4% was reported and biochemically verified. Lastly, Article 3 assessed the impact of a full-day application-based MI-via-CALC training on the perceived competency of employees of a national smokers' telephone hotline to facilitate behaviour change among callers. Post- training participants described skill development, increased competency at facilitating behaviour change, and desire for additional training. This research program was comprised of three unique studies. This was the first critical appraisal and literature review to assess cognitive-behavioural cessation interventions through an MI lens. The core components of MI-via-CALC are similar to components already utilized individually in cessation interventions; however, unique to MI-via-CALC is the incorporation of these components into one intervention. Moreover, this was the largest individual MI-via-CALC intervention tobacco study to date and the only one with a control group. Furthermore, the cessation rates observed in this intervention study are beyond those currently observed in other cognitive-behavioural interventions as well as nicotine replacement therapy studies. Lastly, the MI-via-CALC training offered to employees of a national smoker's hotline was also a first, as the hotline typically does not allow outside researchers within their organization. Overwhelmingly, the training was well received, and the impact was self-reported behaviour change resulting in ameliorated client interactions to promote cessation. Together, the important findings of these ground-breaking studies underscore the need for continued investigation of MI-via-CALC as an intervention for tobacco control.
Download or read book Associations Between Risk Perception Smoking Behaviors and Lung Cancer Screening in Smokers Receiving Inpatient Tobacco Treatment written by Julia Martin Steed and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This booklet for schools, medical personnel, and parents contains highlights from the 2012 Surgeon General's report on tobacco use among youth and teens (ages 12 through 17) and young adults (ages 18 through 25). The report details the causes and the consequences of tobacco use among youth and young adults by focusing on the social, environmental, advertising, and marketing influences that encourage youth and young adults to initiate and sustain tobacco use. This is the first time tobacco data on young adults as a discrete population have been explored in detail. The report also highlights successful strategies to prevent young people from using tobacco.
Download or read book Motivational Interviewing and the Effect of the Decisional Balance Exercise on College Smokers written by Susan Wayne Krigel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effectiveness of MI to facilitate behavior change has been demonstrated across many domains, but why MI works has not yet been determined. The goal of this study was to explore the element of MI known as Decisional Balance, and to examine whether the process of thinking about the pros and cons of smoking leads to a deeper level of processing and greater motivation to quit. Participation in the MI Decisional Balance exercise did not result in or correlate with higher levels of motivation to quit relative to Health Education, as denoted by scores on the Contemplation Ladder, Decisional Balance, or the Motivation Ruler. Analyses demonstrated no significant differences between treatment groups in positive changes in the smoking-related variables. The pattern of Level of Processing (LOP) analyses suggest that LOP is predictive of motivation and behavior change at future time points.
Download or read book Risk Perception and Smoking Behavior written by Jin-Tan Liu and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparing Intervention Effects on Motivation and Interest in Utilizing Smoking Cessation Aids in Residential Substance Abuse Treatment written by Angela Petersen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals with substance use disorders are susceptible to health risks and mortality given their increased frequency and intensity of smoking. Intervening with the completion of early stage of change tasks could increase their desire to engage in cessation services during treatment. The present study examined group differences of participating in a single Motivational Interviewing session on motivational constructs, interest in cessation aids/support, perceived risks/benefits of quitting, and information seeking behavior. Participants recruited within two residential substance abuse treatment centers in Baltimore completed baseline self-report, posttest, and two-week follow-up questionnaires. Analysis of Covariance and Logistic Regressions were used to analyze data from 71 participants who met inclusion criteria and participated in the three measurement points.
Download or read book Perception of Health Risk and the Demand for Cigarette Consumption written by Hai-Yen Sung and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students BASICS written by Linda A. Dimeff and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1999-01-08 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This instructive manual presents a pragmatic and clinically proven approach to the prevention and treatment of undergraduate alcohol abuse. The BASICS model is a nonconfrontational, harm reduction approach that helps students reduce their alcohol consumption and decrease the behavioral and health risks associated with heavy drinking. Including numerous reproducible handouts and assessment forms, the book takes readers step-by-step through conducting BASICS assessment and feedback sessions. Special topics covered include the use of DSM-IV criteria to evaluate alcohol abuse, ways to counter student defensiveness about drinking, and obtaining additional treatment for students with severe alcohol dependency. Note about Photocopy Rights: The Publisher grants individual book purchasers nonassignable permission to reproduce selected figures, information sheets, and assessment instruments in this book for professional use. For details and limitations, see copyright page.
Download or read book Effects of Motivational Interviewing in a High School Smoking Cessation Program written by Hatav Khademi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underage smoking continues to be a major health-related concern among the United States teenage population. Although several programs, including public service announcements, have been introduced as a way to stymie the growing trend and to spread awareness of the dangers associated with smoking, it is clear that more needs to be done. The use of motivational interviewing has been shown to be effective in a variety of settings to include smoking cessation programs. In the proposed project, the use of repeated measures design will be used to examine the effects of a motivational interviewing program on high school-aged adolescents. Based on preliminary investigations of interventions similar to the one proposed, it is hypothesized that rates of smoking behavior among the adolescent projects participants will decrease; thus, bringing about positive health-related changes.
Download or read book Perception of Harm in UWL International Undergraduates on Smoking Tobacco written by Vaishnavi Paripally and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract. Cigarette smoking among college students continues to be a major health concern in the United States. Studies showed that peer influences, weight control behavior, depression, anxiety, and stress are significant predictors of cigarette smoking among college students. With increases in use, there is concern among public health officials as to whether e-cigs represent a "gateway" to future tobacco cigarette smoking and whether e-cigs will lead to nicotine addiction among youth. The other side of this argument supports the concept of e-cigs as a harm reduction product to reduce cigarette smoking, resulting in e-cigs being marketed as "safer" alternatives to cigarette smoking. College students are included in the age group 18-24 shown to be at increased risk for using nontraditional tobacco products, including e-cigs. College students are often drawn to novel products and are generally more accepting of e-cig use in public compared with cigarette smoking. Objective. The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study is to better understand the perception of international undergraduate students at UW-La Crosse regarding the harm associated with smoking tobacco. Participants. A total of 22 International Undergraduate students from the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse participated in the study in March of 2017. Participants completed a web-based questionnaire consisting of demographic items as well as items related to perception of harm by smoking tobacco. Methods. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency and percentage. Results. According to the survey e-cigarettes were perceived as having the least amount of risk, followed by hookah and cigars, cigarillos, and then cigarettes. Students who perceived a continuum of cigarette-related harm were consistently more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful than conventional cigarettes compared to those with a consistently high perception of cigarette harm. Such findings suggest that many students may be susceptible to e-cigarette use. Hookah and electronic cigarettes were the most favorably perceived products, which may reflect the effective efforts to market these products as safe and socially acceptable. E-Cigarettes and Hookah seem to have particularly high appeal among this population, with very high positive perceptions in terms of low perceived harm to health as well as high social acceptability. Furthermore, e-cigarettes and hookah were the most commonly used tobacco products daily and less than monthly. Conclusions. The present study provides information regarding perceptions of harm to health by smoking various tobacco products. E-cigarette was generally perceived to be the least harmful, with cigar's and hookah closely following. Cigarettes and cigarillos were perceived as the most negatively and more harmful to health. Future research is needed to document reasons for these perceptions as well as to document the true nature of health risks. Doing so will inform the development of public health campaigns and interventions to alter these perceptions related to the use of these tobacco products.
Download or read book Adolescents Alcohol and Substance Abuse written by Peter M. Monti and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews a range of empirically supported approaches to prevention and treatment of adolescent substance use problems. The focus is on motivationally based brief interventions that can be delivered in a variety of contexts, that address key developmental considerations, and that draw on cutting-edge knowledge on addictive behavior change. From expert contributors, coverage encompasses alcohol skills training; integrative behavioral and family therapy; motivational interviewing; interventions for dually diagnosed youth; Internet-based education, prevention, and treatment; and applications to HIV prevention. The volume is extensively referenced and includes numerous clinical illustrations and vignettes.
Download or read book Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Tobacco Dependence Treatment Handbook written by David B. Abrams and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2003-02-12 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique clinical handbook offers the knowledge, skills, and materials needed to help all types of smokers, even the most hard-core, successfully quit. Provided are assessment tools, treatment planning guidelines, and a series of complete treatment packages, ranging from ultra-brief to more intensive options. Designed for use in a variety of settings by a wide range of providers, the volume is evidence-based and consistent with the latest national guidelines on best practice. The authors, leading scientist-practitioners, incorporate the latest pharmacotherapeutic approaches as well as proven motivational, cognitive, and behavioral techniques. Strategies are presented for tailoring treatment to individual smokers and for preventing relapse. Also included are session-by-session intervention guidelines, helpful case examples, and dozens of requisite handouts and forms, ready to photocopy and use. Key Features No other book presents the full range of empirically supported treatments. Practical: includes step-by-step guidelines, cases, reproducible patient forms. Consistent with best-practice recommendations issued by the Surgeon General, the American Psychiatric Association, and the British Thoracic Society. Describes approaches with and without pharmacotherapy. Photocopy Rights: The Publisher grants individual book purchasers nonassignable permission to reproduce selected materials in this book for professional use. For details and limitations, see copyright page.
