Download or read book The Restructuring of Romania s Economy written by Raphael Shen and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1997-11-20 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the political, financial, social, and economic conditions inherited from Communist rule, Romania's new government concluded that a shock therapy approach to reform would create unmanageable chaos and enduring instability. Though committed to economic liberalization, decisionmakers espoused a gradualist approach to economic reform. The government pursued its objectives by implementing policies it considered functionally operational. Although Romania experienced the macro dislocations and downturns that are common in transitional economies in the region, the country sustained shallower recessions, lower inflationary spirals, and shorter production losses than many reforming economies. This study analyzes how, against calculated probabilities and within a relatively short time period, Romania has stabilized and assembled all the basic ingredients for a successful transformation from a centralized system to a market-driven economy. The lessons derivable from Romania's relatively successful experiment with systemic transformation could be beneficial to reform architects in all newly liberalized economies in Eastern Europe. The conclusions of this study reinforce the view that it is imperative to examine and foster the existing preconditions, including political, institutional, and financial components, before subjecting an economy to extensive and intensive shocks that could be judiciously mitigated or circumvented. Unlike other newly liberalized economies in Eastern Europe, where the once disgraced Communists have returned to power, sympathy for a centralized system has been steadily and swiftly declining in Romania. The primary factor in Romania's success, the author claims, is its circumspect approach to reform.
Download or read book Aggregate Labor Market Behavior in the Restructuring of the Romanian Economy written by John S. Earle and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Romania written by UNDP-World Bank Trade Expansion Program and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recession Restructuring and Recovery written by Shoichi Kojima and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-06-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper outlines the main characteristics and the development of the centrally planned economic sysetm in Romania before the beginnings of the transition to a market eonomy it then presents the design, objectives, and implementation of the reform program.
Download or read book The Failure to Restructure and Improve Efficiency on the Romanian Labor Market written by Constantin Zaman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Romania started the transition process by adopting a gradualist strategy for implementing its economic reforms, most of which being carried out independently and not through a concrete and cohesive policy package. The dynamics of restructuring on the labor market is analyzed by the Index of Employment Restructuring, the Rate of Unemployment Absorption and the Net Rate of Private Sector Expansion. These indices show that the capacity of Romanian economy to absorb the unemployment is very modest because the private activities are insufficiently developed due to a major delay in market reforms aimed to effectively stimulate the private initiative. With respect to efficiency, the Index of Labor Efficiency shows that the private sector loses continuously its efficiency because the privatization of public enterprises induced the phenomenon of sharing the inefficiency (the speed of restructuring the privatized firms is lower than the speed of privatization). The Index of Employment Adjustment indicates that this process is far from being completed in the Romanian economy, while the Index of Output Adjustment confirms that the private sector - despite its increasing share in overall activity - remains insufficiently developed in terms of productivity and economic efficiency.
Download or read book Romania Restructuring for EU Integration The Policy Agenda written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Romania Restructuring for EU Integration The Policy Agenda written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Romanian Economy a Century of Transformation 1918 2018 written by Luminita Chivu and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains researchers' scientific statements and ideas covering the stages of the evolution of the Romanian economy and society during the one hundred years since the Great Union and the representation of Romania in European and world context, with a special focus on sectoral problems.
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Download or read book The Long Shadow of Informality written by Franziska Ohnsorge and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Download or read book Aspects of Independent Romania s Economic History with Particular Reference to Transition for EU Accession written by Professor David Turnock and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After fifteen years of transition in the former communist states of Central and Eastern Europe it has become clear that for a substantial number the objective of reform and restructuring process is a market system in line with membership of the EU. In this study the long term economic transformation of Romania is studied, offering a detailed narrative and thematic account of events from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries. From the first steps towards large scale industrialisation begun prior to the First World War, through the accelerated pace set by the communist regime after 1945 and the uncertainty following its subsequent collapse in 1989, the book addresses a wide range of pertinent issues that have shaped Romania's economic development. The study also offers an interpretation of a distinctive phase in the modernisation of post-communist Romania, supported by economic-historical surveys of the proceeding century as a context for recent restructuring on the eve of EU accession. This is linked with trends in the region as a whole so that a broad perspective is maintained throughout the book. By highlighting Romania's position as one of more backward accession states and considering in what ways its experience during transition differs from the more developed states of the region, this study offers a valuable insight into both the history of Romania, and its future prospects. Furthermore it provides a valuable case study that can be compared and contrasted with other countries who are likewise still grappling with the legacy of a centralised economy, and in the process of adopting a more market orientated approach in order to gain EU membership. As such this study will be of interest not only to historians and economists, but anyone with an interest in the expansion of the European Union.
Download or read book Income Inequality and Poverty During the Transition from Planned to Market Economy written by Branko Milanovi? and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 394. Joint Forest Management (JFM) has emerged as an important intervention in the management of Indias forest resources. This report sets out an analytical method for examining the costs and benefits of JFM arrangements. Two pilot case studies in which the method was used demonstrate interesting outcomes regarding incentives for various groups to participate. The main objective of this study is to develop a better understanding of the incentives for communities to participate in JFM.
Download or read book Balkan Reconstruction written by Daniel Daianu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing scholarly attention on a little known area of Europe, the book brings together analysts with an insider's view to examine the short and long-term challenges facing the region, the intricate relationship between politics and economics and the irrelevance of quick fixes in the postwar reform of Southeast Europe.
Download or read book The Changing Geopolitics of Eastern Europe written by Dr A H Dawson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work covers the uncertain geopolitical situation of some countries of Central and Eastern Europe, including some of those which are hoping to enter the European Union in the near future, some for which entry is far off, and some which may never seek or be eligible for membership.
Download or read book Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms written by Aline Coudouel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) is an approach used increasingly by governments, civil society organizations, the World Bank, and other development partners to examine the distributional impacts of policy reforms on the well-being of different stakeholders groups, particularly the poor and vulnerable. PSIA has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries because it promotes evidence-based policy choices and fosters debate on policy reform options. Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms presents a collection of case studies that illustrate the spectrum of sectors and policy reforms to which PSIA can be applied; it also elaborates on the broad range of analytical tools and techniques that can be used for PSIA. The case studies provide examples of the impact that PSIA can have on the design of policy reforms and draw operational lessons for PSIA implementation. The case studies deal largely with policy reforms in a single sector, such as agriculture (crop marketing boards in Malawi and Tanzania and cotton privatization in Tajikistan); energy (mining sector in Romania and oil subsidies in Ghana); utilities (power sector reform in Ghana, Rwanda, and transition economies, and water sector reform in Albania); social sectors (education reform in Mozambique and social welfare reform in Sri Lanka); taxation reform (Nicaragua); as well as macroeconomic modeling (Burkina Faso)."
Download or read book Central and Eastern Europe Handbook written by Patrick Heenan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Regional Handbooks of Economic Development series provides accessible overviews of countries within their larger domestic and international contexts, focusing on the relations among regions as they meet the challenges of the twenty first century. The series allows the non-specialist student to explore a wide range of complex factors-social and political as well as economic-that affect the growth of developing regions in Asia, Europe, and South America. Each Handbook provides an overview chapter discussing the region's economic conditions within an historical and political context, as well as 20 or more chapter-length essays written by recognized experts, which analyze the key issues affecting a region's economy: its population, natural resources, foreign trade, labor problems, and economic inequalities, and other vital factors. In addition, the volumes offer useful support materials, including a series of appendices that include a detailed chronology of events in the region, a glossary of terms, biographical entries on key personalities, an annotated bibliography of further reading, and a comprehensive analytical index.
