Download or read book The Removal of the Texas Indians and the Founding of Fort Cobb written by William E. Burnet and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Dominance to Disappearance written by Foster Todd Smith and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed history of the Indians of Texas and the Near Southwest from the late 18th to the middle 19th century, a period that began with Native peoples dominating the region and ended with their disappearance, after settlers forced the Indians in Texas to take refuge in Indian Territory.
Download or read book The Conquest of Texas written by Gary Clayton Anderson and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is not your grandfather’s history of Texas. Portraying nineteenth-century Texas as a cauldron of racist violence, Gary Clayton Anderson shows that the ethnic warfare dominating the Texas frontier can best be described as ethnic cleansing. The Conquest of Texas is the story of the struggle between Anglos and Indians for land. Anderson tells how Scotch-Irish settlers clashed with farming tribes and then challenged the Comanches and Kiowas for their hunting grounds. Next, the decade-long conflict with Mexico merged with war against Indians. For fifty years Texas remained in a virtual state of war. Piercing the very heart of Lone Star mythology, Anderson tells how the Texas government encouraged the Texas Rangers to annihilate Indian villages, including women and children. This policy of terror succeeded: by the 1870s, Indians had been driven from central and western Texas. By confronting head-on the romanticized version of Texas history that made heroes out of Houston, Lamar, and Baylor, Anderson helps us understand that the history of the Lone Star state is darker and more complex than the mythmakers allowed.
Download or read book Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian written by Gary Clayton Anderson and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2014-03-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mention “ethnic cleansing” and most Americans are likely to think of “sectarian” or “tribal” conflict in some far-off locale plagued by unstable or corrupt government. According to historian Gary Clayton Anderson, however, the United States has its own legacy of ethnic cleansing, and it involves American Indians. In Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian, Anderson uses ethnic cleansing as an analytical tool to challenge the alluring idea that Anglo-American colonialism in the New World constituted genocide. Beginning with the era of European conquest, Anderson employs definitions of ethnic cleansing developed by the United Nations and the International Criminal Court to reassess key moments in the Anglo-American dispossession of American Indians. Euro-Americans’ extensive use of violence against Native peoples is well documented. Yet Anderson argues that the inevitable goal of colonialism and U.S. Indian policy was not to exterminate a population, but to obtain land and resources from the Native peoples recognized as having legitimate possession. The clashes between Indians, settlers, and colonial and U.S. governments, and subsequent dispossession and forcible migration of Natives, fit the modern definition of ethnic cleansing. To support the case for ethnic cleansing over genocide, Anderson begins with English conquerors’ desire to push Native peoples to the margin of settlement, a violent project restrained by the Enlightenment belief that all humans possess a “natural right” to life. Ethnic cleansing comes into greater analytical focus as Anderson engages every major period of British and U.S. Indian policy, especially armed conflict on the American frontier where government soldiers and citizen militias alike committed acts that would be considered war crimes today. Drawing on a lifetime of research and thought about U.S.-Indian relations, Anderson analyzes the Jacksonian “Removal” policy, the gold rush in California, the dispossession of Oregon Natives, boarding schools and other “benevolent” forms of ethnic cleansing, and land allotment. Although not amounting to genocide, ethnic cleansing nevertheless encompassed a host of actions that would be deemed criminal today, all of which had long-lasting consequences for Native peoples.
Download or read book The Texas Frontier and the Butterfield Overland Mail 1858 1861 written by Glen Sample Ely and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of the antebellum frontier in Texas, from the Red River to El Paso, a raw and primitive country punctuated by chaos, lawlessness, and violence. During this time, the federal government and the State of Texas often worked at cross-purposes, their confused and contradictory policies leaving settlers on their own to deal with vigilantes, lynchings, raiding American Indians, and Anglo-American outlaws. Before the Civil War, the Texas frontier was a sectional transition zone where southern ideology clashed with western perspectives and where diverse cultures with differing worldviews collided. This is also the tale of the Butterfield Overland Mail, which carried passengers and mail west from St. Louis to San Francisco through Texas. While it operated, the transcontinental mail line intersected and influenced much of the region's frontier history. Through meticulous research, including visits to all the sites he describes, Glen Sample Ely uncovers the fascinating story of the Butterfield Overland Mail in Texas. Until the U.S. Army and Butterfield built West Texas’s infrastructure, the region’s primitive transportation network hampered its development. As Ely shows, the Overland Mail Company and the army jump-started growth, serving together as both the economic engine and the advance agent for European American settlement. Used by soldiers, emigrants, freighters, and stagecoaches, the Overland Mail Road was the nineteenth-century equivalent of the modern interstate highway system, stimulating passenger traffic, commercial freighting, and business. Although most of the action takes place within the Lone Star State, this is in many respects an American tale. The same concerns that challenged frontier residents confronted citizens across the country. Written in an engaging style that transports readers to the rowdy frontier and the bustle of the overland road, The Texas Frontier and the Butterfield Overland Mail offers a rare view of Texas’s antebellum past.
Download or read book Hasinai written by Vynola Beaver Newkumet and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-25 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authors Vynola B. Newkumet and Howard L. Meredith culled traditional lore and scholarly research to survey the major landmarks of the Hasinai experience--the Caddo Indians of the American Southwest.
Download or read book History of Texas written by John Henry Brown and published by . This book was released on 1893 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a 19th century history of Texas, focusing on its Spanish and Mexican past, as well as the war for independence. From the preface: "The field for historical research in Texas, covering two centuries of time, is wide and, for the most part, deeply interesting. To the present and future generations, however, its chief historic value is confined to that period of time beginning about the close of the 18th and the commencement of the 19th century. Anterior to that time, outside of feeble settlements at San Antonio, Goliad and Nacogdoches and a few straggling missions, the country remained a primeval wilderness. Nor did any real progress toward reclamation occur until an effort was made to secure an Anglo-Saxon (chiefly North American) population, the first fruits of which became manifest in a few families and single men from January to December, 1822. From the latter year we trace all of Texas identified with those principles of liberty, and representative constitutional government held, at least by all English speaking people, to be essential to the continued progress and happiness of mankind. This work is undertaken with a sincere desire to give truth absolute control; to eschew every prejudice; to do justice to all who served their country with fidelity; and to guard against the great injustice of withholding merit due to some and awarding merit not due to others. Most of the numerous books on Texas, including several published in, or prior to 1836, were too early to reach much of its most important history, and before many facts touching the then past were known, or when they were but partially known. The author, at intervals, for nearly half a century, has sought to find and preserve historical data omitted in other works, or incorrectly stated by them. Ours is not like the history of any other State of the Union, settled and fostered by a progressive people and government, and aided by great interior resources and means of transportation of which practically Texas had nothing. Wild barbarians infested Texas, undisturbed until its settlement by Americans, and its frontiers continued subject to all the horrors, more or less extensive, of savage warfare from the beginning in 1822, to its practical cessation in 1876, a period of fifty four years, beside the period from 1835 to 1845, inclusive, of a state of war with Mexico. Her history, taken as a whole, is unique and unlike that of any other member of the Union. To be understood it must be correctly given and carefully read. The author is enabled to correct many errors-some of minor and a few of material importance-heretofore published, and to embrace numerous important facts never before given in any work; and yet, much of interest, in the very nature of things, resulting from the want of official records, the absence in large part of current newspaper files, and the failing memory of many old and patriotic men, must remain untold. Eschewing fiction and exaggeration and guided by the spirit of truth and justice this work is given to the people of Texas by her loyal son."
Download or read book Caddo Indians written by Cecile Elkins Carter and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2001-03-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This narrative history of the Caddo Indians creates a vivid picture of daily life in the Caddo Nation. Using archaeological data, oral histories, and descriptions by explorers and settlers, Cecile Carter introduces impressive Caddo leaders past and present. The book provides observations, stories, and vignettes on twentieth-century Caddos and invites the reader to recognize the strengths, rooted in ancient culture, that have enabled the Caddos to survive epidemics, enemy attacks, and displacement from their original homelands in Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas, and Oklahoma.
Download or read book Prelude to the Dust Bowl written by Kevin Z. Sweeney and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the drought of the early twenty-first century, the dry benchmark in the American plains was the Dust Bowl of the 1930s. But in this eye-opening work, Kevin Z. Sweeney reveals that the Dust Bowl was only one cycle in a series of droughts on the U.S. southern plains. Reinterpreting our nation’s nineteenth-century history through paleoclimatological data and firsthand accounts of four dry periods in the 1800s, Prelude to the Dust Bowl demonstrates the dramatic and little-known role drought played in settlement, migration, and war on the plains. Stephen H. Long’s famed military expedition coincided with the drought of the 1820s, which prompted Long to label the southern plains a “Great American Desert”—a destination many Anglo-Americans thought ideal for removing Southeastern Indian tribes to in the 1830s. The second dry trend, from 1854 to 1865, drove bison herds northeastward, fomenting tribal warfare, and deprived Civil War armies in Indian Territory of vital commissary. In the late 1880s and mid-1890s, two more periods of drought triggered massive outmigration from the southern plains as well as appeals from farmers and congressmen for federal famine relief, pleas quickly denied by President Grover Cleveland. Sweeney’s interpretation of familiar events through the lens of drought lays the groundwork for understanding why the U.S. government’s reaction to the Dust Bowl of the 1930s was such a radical departure from previous federal responses. Prelude to the Dust Bowl provides new insights into pivotal moments in the settlement of the southern plains and stands as a timely reminder that drought, as part of a natural climatic cycle, will continue to figure in the unfolding history of this region.
Download or read book Lambshead Before Interwoven written by Frances Mayhugh Holden and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of Lambshead Ranch which is located in Throckmorton and Shackelford counties, Texas. The Lambshead Ranch area was occupied by several persons, including Randolph March, Robert Neighbors, and Jesse Stem, an Indian agent, who established an Indian agency there. Stem was killed by Indians, and his wife oversaw expansion of the ranch. The ranch is named for Thomas Lambshead, born in 1805 in England, who emigrated to Texas around 1847. Thomas bought land in the nearby Round Mountain Creek area. Whether Thomas ever lived on Lambshead is not known. John A. Matthews located on Lambshead in 1897, and brought his family to the ranch in 1915.
Download or read book Chronicles of Oklahoma written by and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Slaveholding Indians written by Annie Heloise Abel and published by e-artnow. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Slaveholding Indians is a three volume series dealing with the slaveholding Indians as secessionists, as participants in the Civil War, and as victims under reconstruction. The series deals with a phase of American Civil War history which has heretofore been almost entirely neglected or, where dealt with, either misunderstood or misinterpreted. Contents The American Indian as Slaveholder and Secessionist General Situation in the Indian Country, 1830-1860 Indian Territory in Its Relations With Texas and Arkansas The Confederacy in Negotiation With the Indian Tribes The Indian Nations in Alliance With the Confederacy The American Indian as Participant in the Civil War The Battle of Pea Ridge, or Elkhorn and Its More Immediate Effects Lane's Brigade and the Inception of the Indian The Indian Refugees in Southern Kansas The Organization of the First Indian Expedition The March to Tahlequah and the Retrograde Movement of the "White Auxiliary" General Pike in Controversy With General Hindman Organization of the Arkansas and Red River Superintendency The Retirement of General Pike The Removal of the Refugees to the Sac and Fox Agency Negotiations With Union Indians Indian Territory in 1863, January to June Inclusive Indian Territory in 1863, July to December Inclusive Aspects, Chiefly Military, 1864-1865 The American Indian Under Reconstruction Overtures of Peace and Reconciliation The Return of the Refugees Cattle-driving in the Indian Country The Muster Out of the Indian Home Guards The Surrender of the Secessionist Indians The Peace Council at Fort Smith, September, 1865 The Harlan Bill The Freedmen of Indian Territory The Earlier of the Reconstruction Treaties of 1866 Negotiations With the Cherokees
Download or read book Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians written by John Reed Swanton and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1942, John R. Swanton’s Source Material on the History and Ethnology of the Caddo Indians is a classic reference on the Caddos. Long regarded as the dean of southeastern Native American studies, Swanton worked for decades as an ethnographer, ethnohistorian, folklorist, and linguist. In this volume he presents the history and culture of the Caddos according to the principal French, Spanish, and English sources. In the seventeenth century, French and Spanish explorers encountered four regional alliances-Cahinnio, Cadohadacho, Hasinai, and Natchitoches-within the boundaries of the present-day states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma. Their descriptions of Caddo culture are the earliest sources available, and Swanton weaves the information from these primary documents into a narrative, translated into English, for the benefit of the modern reader. For the scholar, he includes in an appendix the extire test of three principal documents in their original Spanish. The first half of the book is devoted to an extensive history of the Caddos, from De Soto’s encounters in 1521 to the Caddos’ involvement in the Ghost Dance Religion of 1890. The second half discusses Caddo culture, including origin legends and religious beliefs, material culture, social relations, government, warfare, leisure, and trade. For this edition, Helen Hornbeck Tanner also provides a new foreword surveying the scholarship published on the Caddos since Swanton’s time.
Download or read book Some History of Van Zandt County written by Wentworth Manning and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference book of some history of Van Zandt County, Texas.
Download or read book The Texas Indians written by David La Vere and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author David La Vere offers a complete chronological and cultural history of Texas Indians from twelve thousand years ago to the present day. He presents a unique view of their cultural history before and after European arrival, examining Indian interactions-both peaceful and violent-with Europeans, Mexicans, Texans, and Americans.
Download or read book A History of Texas and Texans written by Frank White Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Library of Congress Catalog written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cumulative list of works represented by Library of Congress printed cards.
