Download or read book The Removal of Organic Matter from Water Supplies by Ion Exchange written by Claude Theodore Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Removal of Organic Matter from Surface Water Supplies by Anion Exchange Resins written by Christine Ann Macko and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ANION EXCHANGE RESIN TECHNOLOGY FOR NATURAL ORGANIC MATTER REMOVAL FROM SURFACE WATER written by Lindsay Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combined Ion Exchange for the Simultaneous Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter and Hardness written by Jennifer Nicole Apell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and hardness cations are two common constituents of natural waters that substantially impact water treatment processes. Anion exchange treatment, and in particular magnetic ion exchange (MIEX), has been shown to effectively remove DOM from natural waters. An important advantage of the MIEX process is that it is used as a slurry in a completely mixed flow reactor at the beginning of the treatment train. Hardness ions can be removed with cation exchange resins, although typically using a fixed bed reactor at the end of a treatment train. In this research, the feasibility of combining anion and cation exchange treatment in a single completely mixed reactor for treatment of raw water was investigated. The sequence of anion and cation exchange treatment, the number of regeneration cycles, and the chemistry of the regeneration solution were systematically explored. Simultaneous removal of DOM ([greater than] 70% dissolved organic carbon) and hardness ([greater than] 50% total hardness) was achieved by combined ion exchange treatment. This treatment would prove useful for raw waters that are a mixture of groundwater and surface water and as a pre-treatment for membrane systems as both DOM and calcium are major foulants.
Download or read book Natural Organic Matter in Water written by Mika Sillanpää and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-10-07 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 77 percent of the freshwater used in the United States comes from surface-water sources and is subject to natural organic matter contamination according to the United States Geological Survey. This presents a distinct challenge to water treatment engineers. An essential resource to the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water, Natural Organic Matter in Waters: Characterization and Treatment Methods focuses on advance filtration and treatment options, and processes for reducing disinfection byproducts. Based on the author's years of research and field experience, this book begins with the characterization of NOM including: general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis and biological testing. This is followed by removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. Electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as: electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and membrane fouling. - Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods - Includes characterization methods of NOM - Explains removal methods such as: removal by coagulation, electrochemical, advanced oxidation, and integrated methods
Download or read book Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Removal of Natural Organic Matter Fractions by Anion Exchange written by Anke Grefte and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Exchange in Combination with Coagulation for Natural Organic Matter Removal in Surface Water Treatment written by Klaas Schoutteten and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion Exchange Technology written by Arup K. SenGupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-27 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of developments in ion exchange areas which would continue to have major impacts in the general pursuit of pollution control and pollution prevention. Its nine chapters can be split into four different theme areas: trace contaminants removals; new materials; desalination and finally controlling gaseous pollutants. This would have value for practicing engineers, scientists and researchers who are pertaining to ion exchange technology. It would also server the needs of those trying to explore and identify new technologies in the areas of pollution control and pollution prevention.
Download or read book Characterizing Natural Organic Matter in Drinking Water Treatment Processes and Trains written by Saeed Abdallah Baghoth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural organic matter (NOM) generally significantly influences water treatment processes such as coagulation, oxidation, adsorption, and membrane filtration. In addition to aesthetic problems such as colour, taste and odour, NOM also contributes to the fouling of filtration membranes, serves as a precursor for disinfection by-products (DBPs) of health concern during disinfection/oxidation processes, increases the exhaustion and usage rate of activated carbon and may promote microbial growth in water distribution networks. The efficiency of drinking water treatment is affected by both the amount and composition of NOM. Proper NOM characterization enables the targeting of the problematic NOM fractions for removal and transformation. However, the characterization methods used are often laborious, time consuming and may involve extensive sample pre-treatment. High performance size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices were used to characterize NOM relatively quickly and with minimal sample preparation. These and other tools were used to improve our understanding of NOM character and behaviour during drinking water treatment. The study demonstrates the potential of multiple NOM characterization tools for the selection, operation and monitoring of water treatment processes.
Download or read book Natural Organic Matter in Water written by Mika Sillanpää and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Organic Matter in Water: Characterization, Treatment Methods, and Climate Change Impact, Second Edition focuses on advanced filtration and treatment options, as well as processes for reducing disinfection by-products, making it an essential resource on the latest breakthroughs in the characterization, treatment and removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water. Based on the editor's years of research and field experience, the book covers general parameters, isolation and concentration, fractionation, composition and structural analysis, and biological testing, along with removal methods such as inorganic coagulants, polyelectrolytes and composite coagulants. In addition, sections cover electrochemical and membranes removal methods such as electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation, microfiltration and ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and membrane fouling. This book is a valuable guide for engineers and researchers looking to integrate methods, processes and technologies to achieve desired affects. - Provides a summary of up-to-date information surrounding NOM - Presents enhanced knowledge on treatment strategies for the removal of NOM - Covers conventional as well as advanced NOM removal methods
Download or read book Natural Dissolved Organic Matter Removal by Anion Exchange Resins and Subsequent Disinfection Byproduct Formation During Chlorination written by Yongrui Tan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Purification by Ion Exchange written by T. V. Arden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to fill a gap in the existing literature on ion exchange. The many excellent works already available are of three main types, general introductions to the subject, specialist discussions of analytical and laboratory techniques, and advanced theoretical treatises. In practice, in spite of the vast number of processes which have been developed for la bora tory use, 99 per cent of all ion exchange resins produced in the world are used in water treatment, or closely allied applications. This book is intended as a general survey of the principles governing the practical uses of ion exchange resins, for the benefit of students encountering the subject for the first time, and for the chemists and engineers in many branches of industry whose work brings them into contact with water treatment, but who do not have the time to study more advanced volumes of basic theory. The background presented has been simplified to the maximum extent found possible without falsification, and an attempt has been made to relate each aspect of theory to its practical consequences in full scale water treatment. Mathematical methods have been avoided and pictorial or graphical presentation methods used wherever possible. As the book is concerned with general principles, rather than details of any particular research work, references to original papers and patents have been omitted except in the cases of special processes, which have a single clearly defined origin.
Download or read book Selective Anion Exchange Resins for the Removal of Perchlorate CIO sub 4 sup from Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this project was to evaluate a novel bifunctional anion exchange resin for the cost-effective, in situ treatment of groundwater contaminated with perchlorate (ClO[sub 4][sup -]). Both laboratory and field studies were performed to determine the selectivity and capacity of the bifunctional synthetic resins to sorb ClO[sub 4][sup -] from simulated or actual contaminated groundwater. A number of synthetic bifunctional resins, including two commercial versions made by Purolite International and three commercially available, mono-functional resins, were tested. Initial laboratory batch and column breakthrough studies determined the best synthetic resins and the optimal conditions for the field experiment. Laboratory results indicated that the bifunctional synthetic resins, D-3696 and RO-02-119 were highly selective toward ClO[sub 4][sup -] and performed[approx]5 times better than the best commercial nitrate resin (Purolite[reg-sign] A-520E) and more than an order of magnitude better than some nonselective commercial resins (e.g. Amberlite[reg-sign] IRA-900). The bifunctional resins were particularly effective in removing trace quantities of ClO[sub 4][sup -] in groundwater to below the detection limit ([approx] 3[micro]g/L). A field trial demonstrated that the bifunctional resin (D-3696) was able to treat[approx] 110,000 bed volumes of groundwater before a 10% breakthrough of ClO[sub 4][sup -] occurred under the column flow-through conditions (running at[approx] 2 bed volumes per minute). On the other hand, the Purolite[reg-sign] A-520E resin was able to treat[approx] 23,000 bed volumes of groundwater under the same experimental conditions. No pretreatment was needed to remove either dissolved organic matter or other competing anions (such as SO[sub 4][sup 2-] or NO[sub 3][sup -]) in the groundwater, and the treatment process did not alter the water quality by removing or adding secondary by-products because of the high selectivity of the bifunctional resins. The results thus demonstrated that the new bifunctional resin could provide an efficient and cost-effective solution to the removal of ClO[sub 4][sup -] from groundwater because of its reduced cost in operation and maintenance, resin regeneration, and waste disposal.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Removal of Perfluorinated Compounds in Drinking Water Treatment written by Chuan Liu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are emerging contaminants which have been detected in various environmental compartments, including drinking water sources. Because of their potential risks to human health, PFCs in drinking water systems have been studied at an increasing rate in recent years. Among all the PFCs, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoralkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) are two common classes; while perfluorinated phosphonic acids (PFPAs) are a type of PFCs, which have only been detected in the environment in the past few years. As the two most commonly detected PFCs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanoic sulfonate (PFOS) have been included in USEPA's fourth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL4) recently. In terms of treatment, ion exchange batch studies showed promising results for PFC removal. Nanoparticles are novel and promising adsorbents due to their high specific surface areas and other properties. The overall objective of this study is to investigate more efficient approaches to remove PFCs by ion exchange and adsorption processes in drinking water systems, including the application of anion exchange resins and nanoparticles, studying the influence of PFC characteristics on these processes, and the impact of water qualities, especially the effects of natural organic matter (NOM) and inorganic anions. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was adapted for analyzing seven PFCAs, three PFSAs, and three PFPAs in water samples. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was applied to concentrate water samples and to reach lower detection limits. Both the LC parameters and the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions of the MS/MS were optimized to reach short retention times, good sensitivity, and nice peak shapes for the selected PFCs. The method detection limits (MDLs) for PFCAs and PFSAs ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 ng/L, while the MDLs for PFPAs were 5.0 to 5.1 ng/L. Four PFCAs and three PFSAs were then selected as target PFCs in subsequent removal studies. Five commercially available anion exchange resins with different properties were chosen to test their PFCs removals in both ultrapure and Grand River water in batch studies. In ultrapure water, all resins had high removals of over 80% for all target PFCs. In Grand River water, all resins had decreased PFC removals though they varied with different types of PFCs. PFSAs had higher removals than PFCAs and short chain PFCs were less removed than long chain PFCs. Based on these results, TAN-1 and PFA444 were selected as target resins to study single compound isotherms in ultrapure water, PFC removal in Lake Erie water, and the effect of inorganic anions. These studies proved that the decrease of PFC removals in surface water was caused by competition from both NOM and inorganic anions. The existence of sulfate in water could decrease PFCs removal, especially short chain PFCAs. Based on the PFC results above, TAN-1, PFA444 and A555 were selected as target anion exchange resins for regeneration batch studies. Regeneration conditions for selected anion exchange resins including regenerant types, cation types, and solvent types were tested in batch studies. The use of higher concentration of the regenerant salts, Na+ ions, and methanol can enhance the PFCs regeneration performance. Short chain PFCs had higher regeneration rates than long chain PFCs, and PFCAs had better regeneration performance compared to PFSAs. A555 had the best regeneration performance among the three selected resins; thus it was chosen as target resin for column tests. In the column regeneration tests, the regeneration conditions of 5% NaCl and 10 ml/min flow rate had the best regeneration performance. In the anion exchange column experiment using Grand River water, the breakthrough of all PFCs gradually increased from 20% after 100000 BV, to 90% breakthrough after 220000 BV. Magnetic nanoparticles with three different modified polymers were designed for PFC removal and synthesized. They were applied in PFC removal kinetic experiments in both ultrapure water and Grand River water. All magnetic nanoparticles achieved short equilibrium times of less than 10 hours in both waters. Magnetic nanoparticles modified with polymer p-DADMAC (N1) had the best PFC removal among all three nanoparticles in both waters. In Grand River water, the PFC removal of all three nanoparticles decreased substantially. NOM rather than inorganic anions was shown to be the main competitor for PFC removal by nanoparticles in surface water. The approach of using synthesized magnetic nanoparticles has potential to remove PFCs and should be further pursued.
