Download or read book The Relative Contributions of Executive Functions and Psychiatric Symptomatology to Psychosocial Competence in Schizophrenia written by Renata E. Harland and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals with schizophrenia often experience significant impairment in autonomous living, occupational functioning, and social functioning, and both psychiatric symptoms (particularly negative and disorganized symptoms) and cognitive deficits (particularly executive function, memory and attention) predict these aspects of functioning. However, the extent to which each of these factors contributes to functional disability remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative contributions of executive function and psychiatric symptomatology to different areas of psychosocial functioning. Forty community-dwelling individuals (23 females, 17 males, M age = 42.3, SD = 7.7) with Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders- Patient Version (SCID-I/P) diagnoses of schizophrenia participated in this study. Participants' psychotic, disorganized, and negative symptoms were rated using the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Autonomous living, occupational functioning and social functioning were rated using the Role Functioning Scale (RFS). The number of perseverative errors derived from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used as an index of cognitive flexibility, and total scores on the Porteus Maze Test (PMT) and Tower of London (TOL) were used as indices of planning ability. Bivariate correlations revealed that autonomous living was significantly related to the WCST, TOL, PMT, and negative and disorganized symptoms. Occupational function was significantly correlated with the WCST and the negative and disorganized symptoms. Social function was correlated with the WCST, TOL, and negative and disorganized symptoms. Regression analyses revealed that cognitive flexibility accounted for a significant amount of unique variance in autonomous living after controlling for symptomatology, while symptomatology did not account for unique variance once executive functioning was controlled for. In contrast, symptomatology accounted for a significant amount of unique variance in social and occupational functioning once the effects of executive functioning were partialed out, while executive functions did not contribute independently to social and occupational functioning. These results suggest that the predictive utility of executive functioning and symptomatology may differ as a function of the specific psychosocial skills examined. Implications are discussed regarding the utilization of cognitive remediation programs to improve psychosocial functioning.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia written by Philip D. Harvey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-24 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides state-of-the-art information about cognition in schizophrenia with a wide ranging focus on measuring and treating cognitive deficits.
Download or read book Schizophrenia Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Executive Functions and the Frontal Lobes written by Vicki Anderson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has as its primary aim the examination of issues concerning executive function and frontal lobe development. While many texts have addressed these issues, this is the first to do so within a specifically developmental framework. This area of cognitive function has received increasing attention over the past decade, and it is now established that the frontal lobes, and associated executive functions, are critical for efficient functioning in daily life. It is also clear, and of particular relevance to this text, that these functions develop gradually through childhood, and then deteriorate during old age. These developmental trajectories, and the impact of any interruption to them, are the focus of this volume.
Download or read book The Science and Treatment of Psychological Disorders written by Ann M. Kring and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-09-18 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science and Treatment of Psychological Disorders blends theory and research with practice and clinical application to provide learners with a solid foundation in psychological disorders and develop their understanding with up-to-date and relevant research, examples, and contexts. From its first edition, the focus of this book has always been on balancing contemporary research and clinical application while involving the learner in the problem-solving engaged in by clinicians and scientists. It continues to emphasize an integrative approach, showing how psychopathology is best understood by considering multiple perspectives—genetic, neuroscientific, cognitive-behavioral, and sociocultural—and how these varying perspectives produce the clearest accounting of the causes of these disorders, as well as provide insights into the best possible treatments. With this new sixteenth edition, “Abnormal Psychology” is dropped from the title. The importance of stigma and mental illness is discussed throughout—never is this more important than now when many social ills such as gun violence are too easily blamed on mental illness while we continue to warehouse people with psychological disorders in jails at an astonishing rate. AN INTERACTIVE, MULTIMEDIA LEARNING EXPERIENCE This textbook includes access to an interactive, multimedia e-text. Icons throughout the print book signal corresponding digital content in the e-text. Case Study Videos and Pause and Ponder Activities: A collection of fourteen 7 to 10 minute Case Study Videos presents an encompassing view of a variety of psychological disorders, featuring people experiencing these disorders and their families describing symptoms from their own perspective. In addition, each video provides concise information about the available treatment options and commentary from a mental health professional. Each video is presented in the context of a Pause and Ponder activity with the following elements: Part I: Pause: Readers are asked to read several short examples of everyday life situations facing a person, or people, with a particular disorder and assess their own ability to empathize. Part II: Learn: Readers are directed to view the Case Study Video and answer a series of questions with interactive self-scoring. Part III: Ponder: Finally, readers are asked to respond to one or more open-ended questions and to reassess their ability to empathize. Interactive Figures, Charts & Tables: Appearing throughout the enhanced e-text, interactive figures, process diagrams, and tables facilitate the study of complex concepts and processes and help students retain important information. Even many of the simplest figures are interactive to encourage online readers to pause and absorb the information they present before scrolling on to additional reading. Interactive Self-Scoring Check Your Knowledge Questions and Practice Quizzes: Students can check their answers to the Check Your Knowledge questions at the end of each major chapter section instantly, and each chapter includes a self-scoring Practice Quiz to help prepare for graded assignments and exams.
Download or read book Neuroimaging of Schizophrenia and Other Primary Psychotic Disorders written by Silvana Galderisi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the state of the art in the use of neuroimaging technologies in the study of schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders. The contributions of neuroimaging in the characterization of these disorders are reviewed across diagnoses, by focusing on psychopathological domains and at-risk populations in order to understand the implications for treatment. The principal neuroimaging findings are described in detail, identifying those that are common to and specific for each disorder and highlighting important pitfalls. Attention is drawn to potential translational aspects of research in the field, with discussion of emerging innovative perspectives. Neuroimaging research has shown that abnormalities of brain structure and function associated with psychiatric disorders do not reflect the boundaries of current diagnostic categories. However, neuroimaging findings are being reconsidered in the light of recent research proposals aimed at re-conceptualizing classification systems in Psychiatry. Written by leading experts, this book will appeal to all with an interest in the field, including researchers, clinicians, and trainees.
Download or read book Recovery Meaning Making and Severe Mental Illness written by Paul H. Lysaker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recovery, Meaning-Making, and Severe Mental Illness offers practitioners an integrative treatment model that will stimulate and harness their creativity, allowing for the formation of new ideas about wellness in the face of profound suffering. The model, Metacognitive Reflection and Insight Therapy (MERIT), complements current treatment modalities and can be used by practitioners from a broad range of theoretical backgrounds. By using metacognitive capacity as a guide to intervention, MERIT stretches and strengthens practitioners’ capacity for reflection and allows them to better use their unique knowledge to help people who are confronting the suffering and chaos that often comes from psychosis. Clinicians will come away from this book with a variety of tools for helping clients manage their own recovery and confront the issues that accompany an illness-based identity.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia written by Masud Husain and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the dramatic developments that have occurred in basic neuroscience and clinical research in cognitive neurology and dementia. It is based on the clinical approach to the patient, and provides essential knowledge that is fundamental to clinical practice.
Download or read book Schizophrenia and Psychoses in Later Life written by Carl I. Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art overview of schizophrenia and psychosis in later life, translating present-day knowledge into clinical practice.
Download or read book Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment written by Carina Coulacoglou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment: Principles and Applications reports on contemporary perspectives and models on psychological assessment and their corresponding measures. It highlights topics relevant to clinical and neuropsychological domains, including cognitive abilities, adaptive behavior, temperament, and psychopathology.Moreover, the book examines a series of standard as well as novel methods and instruments, along with their psychometric properties, recent meta-analytic studies, and their cross-cultural applications. Discusses psychometric issues and empirical studies that speak to same Explores the family context in relation to children’s behavioral outcomes Features major personality measures as well as their cross cultural variations Identifies the importance of coping and resilience in assessing personality and psychopathology Examines precursors of aggression and violence for prediction and prevention
Download or read book Insight and Psychosis written by Xavier F. Amador and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The insight a patient shares into their own psychosis is fundamental to their condition - it goes to the heart of what we understand 'madness' to be. Can a person be expected to accept treatment for a condition that they deny they have? Can a person be held responsible for their actions if those actions are inspired by their own unique perceptions and beliefs - beliefs that no-one else shares? The topic of insight in schizophrenia and related disorders has become a major focus of research in psychiatry and psychology. It has important clinical implications in terms of outcome, treatment adherence, competence, and forensic issues. In order to study 'insight' a broad perspective is required. This involves applying knowledge from the cognitive and brain sciences, as well as from philosophy and the social sciences. Insight and Psychosis comprises a series of in-depth, well-referenced, scholarly overviews from each of these perspectives with a strong empirical foundation - including in some cases the presentation of new data and meta-analysis of the published literature. These are integrated and synthesised by the editors, both acknowledged experts in the field. The scope is truly international and spans theoretical perspectives, clinical practice, and consumer views. The book will act as a source for students and researchers interested in pursuing any number of questions and controversies around lack of insight and awareness, and will guide clinical psychologists and psychiatrists who seek a broader view of the many facets of insight that might arise during their day-to-day work.
Download or read book Cognitive Remediation Therapy for Schizophrenia written by Professor Til Wykes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-05-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Could CRT provide the first structured method of alleviating cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia? Cognitive Remediation Therapy for Schizophrenia describes the background and development of this new psychological therapy and demonstrates how it provides the first structured help to overcome the thinking problems associated with schizophrenia. In three sections, the book covers the theoretical and empirical underpinning of cognitive remediation therapy and explores its application. Part I, 'The Development of Therapy', provides the historical context and theoretical background to the therapy and emphasizes the value of rehabilitating cognitive deficits. In Part II, 'Improving Cognitive Processes', the process and effects of changing cognition are examined. Finally, in Part III, 'The Process of Therapy', the authors provide a clinical guide to the delivery of cognitive remediation therapy and use case examples to support its efficacy. This book is the first to describe an individual cognitive remediation therapy programme based on a clear model of the relationship between thinking and behaviour. It will be of both academic and clinical value to all those health professionals and clinical academics who want not only to understand the relationships between thought and action but also to intervene to improve therapy.
Download or read book A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests written by Elisabeth Sherman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 1121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests, Fourth Edition is one of the most well-established reference texts in neuropsychology. This newly-revised, updated, and expanded fourth edition provides a comprehensive overview of essential aspects of neuropsychological practice along with 100 test reviews of well-known neuropsychological tests for adults. The aim of the Compendium is to provide a comprehensive yet practical overview of the state of the field while also summarizing the evidence on the theoretical background, norms, reliability, and validity of commonly-used neuropsychological tests. Based on extensive review of the clinical and research literature in neuropsychology, neurology, and related disciplines, its comprehensive critical reviews of common neuropsychological tests and standardized scales include tests for premorbid estimation, dementia screening, IQ, attention, executive functioning, memory, language, visuospatial skills, sensory function, motor skills, performance validity, and symptom validity. Tables within each test review summarize important features of each test, highlight aspects of each normative dataset, and provide an overview of psychometric properties. This essential reference text also covers basic and advanced aspects of neuropsychological assessment with chapters on psychometric concepts and principles, reliability in neuropsychology, theoretical models of test validity, and an overview of critical concepts pertaining to performance and symptom validity testing and malingering. Of interest to neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, educational psychologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists as well as trainees in these areas, this volume will aid practitioners in gaining a deeper understanding of fundamental assessment concepts in neuropsychology while also serving as an essential guidebook for selecting the right test for specific clinical situations and for helping clinicians make empirically-supported test interpretations.
Download or read book Cognition in Schizophrenia written by Tonmoy Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it has been known for 100 years that cognitive functioning is impaired in schizophrenia, the implications of this impairment have only recently been clearly understood. While in the past, cognitive deficits were thought to be the result of other aspects of the illness, such as poor co-operation, or as a result of the treatment of the illness, it is now known that these factors exert only a very minor influence on cognitive deficit. This book, with contributions from the major international names in the field, reviews the most recent research on the impairment of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia, covering: what it is, how wide-ranging it can be, what the clinical implications are, and how it can be treated? A detailed insight into cognitive deficit is the key to understanding why previous treatments have failed, and the key by which new treatments may change this terrible illness, treatments significantly more effective than earlier interventions.
Download or read book Pharmacotherapy written by Joseph T. DiPiro and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2008-07-06 with total page 2598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The benchmark evidence-based pharmacotherapy text-now in full color! Additional chapters are available online When it comes to helping you develop a mastery of evidence-based medicine for optimal patient outcomes, no book can match Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. Like the discipline it covers, the scope of this trusted resource goes beyond drug indications and dosages to include the initial selection, proper administration, and monitoring of drugs. The book also delves into psychosocial issues that affect compliance ... topics related to a patient's ability to understand and manage often-complex therapy... and lifestyle changes that may reduce the need for drug therapy or improve pharmacotherapeutic outcomes. Pharmacotherapy delivers everything you need to provide safe, efficacious drug therapy across the full range of therapeutic categories. FEATURES NEW! Expanded evidence-based recommendations NEW! Extended coverage of the timely issue of palliative care and pain medicine NEW! Important chapters on Pulmonary Hypertension, Disorders of Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis, and Multiple Myeloma, Outstanding pedagogy, including: “Key Concepts” highlighted in each chapter “Clinical Presentation” boxes summarize the most common disease signs and symptoms covered in each chapter “Clinical Controversies” boxes-presented in the Treatment sections of the disease-oriented chapters-examine the complicated issues faced by students and clinicians in providing drug therapy Clear therapeutic recommendations in each disease-specific chapter “Evaluation of Therapeutic Outcomes” boxes in each disease-specific chapter, containing key monitoring guidelines that facilitate the development of a pharmaceutical, nursing, or medical care plan
Download or read book Autism as an Executive Disorder written by James Russell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1997 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism continues to fascinate researchers because it is both debilitating in its effects and complex in its nature and origins. The prevalent theory is that autism is primarily characterised by difficulties in understanding mental concepts, but the contributors to this book present new andcompelling arguments for an alternative theory. Their research points strongly to the idea that autism is primarily a disorder of "executive functions", those involved in the control of action and thought. As such, the book provides a new and controversial perspective on this importantquestion.
