Download or read book The Relationship Between Executive Function Processing Speed and Attention deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Middle Childhood written by Aditi Sabhlok and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADHD is a heterogeneous disorder that is highly impairing. Early, accurate diagnosis maximizes long-term positive outcomes for youth with ADHD. Tests of executive functioning (EF) are potential tools for screening and differential diagnoses for ADHD; however, previous research has been inconsistent regarding the specificity and magnitude of EF deficits across ADHD subtypes. Here we overcome these limitations by: (1) employing more rigorous methods to conceptualize ADHD in a way that better captures heterogeneity of expression, and (2) by applying a more comprehensive, reliable battery of EF tasks to this association. We tested 1548 children and adolescents (ages 7-15 years) from the Texas Twin Project, a population-based cohort with a diverse socioeconomic and ethnic composition. EF and processing speed were measured in-laboratory with a comprehensive test battery, while ADHD and sociodemographic characteristics were assessed via parent report. We show that EF deficits are isolated to the inattention domain of ADHD. Moreover, we found that the association between EF task performance and inattention remains stable across sociodemographic groups. Our results demonstrate that failures of executive control are selectively manifested as covert inattentive symptoms, such as trouble with organization, forgetfulness, and distractedness, rather than overt symptoms, such as inappropriate talkativeness and interruption. We anticipate that EF tests could be widely useful in clinical and educational settings due to their specificity regarding particular subtypes of ADHD behaviors and their broad predictive validity across key demographic subgroups

Download or read book Executive Function in Children Adolescents and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Lisa L. Weyandt and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this special issue is to present current research findings concerning executive functions in preschoolers, children, adolescents, and adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), taking into account gender, comorbidity, genetic, and physiological findings. Experts in the area of executive functions and ADHD contributed to the articles in this issue. The studies examine executive functions in ADHD across a wide range of ages and address a variety of different issues. Together, the articles in this issue provide strong evidence that executive functions are measurable in very young children and that deficits in executive function are often found in children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD. The studies also suggest that impairments in executive function are characteristic of both boys and girls, persist over time, and in many cases do not appear to be accounted for by intelligence, comorbid depression, or learning disabilities. The findings in this issue do suggest that executive function deficits are characteristic of other disorders and therefore are not unique to ADHD.

Download or read book A New Understanding of ADHD in Children and Adults written by Thomas E. Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over 100 years, ADHD has been seen as essentially a behavior disorder. Recent scientific research has developed a new paradigm which recognizes ADHD as a developmental disorder of the cognitive management system of the brain, its executive functions. This cutting-edge book pulls together key ideas of this new understanding of ADHD, explaining them and describing in understandable language scientific research that supports this new model. It addresses questions like: - Why can those with ADHD focus very well on some tasks while having great difficulty in focusing on other tasks they recognize as important? - How does brain development and functioning of persons with ADHD differ from others? - How do impairments of ADHD change from childhood through adolescence and in adulthood? - What treatments help to improve ADHD impairments? How do they work? Are they safe? - Why do those with ADHD have additional emotional, cognitive, and learning disorders more often than most others? - What commonly-held assumptions about ADHD have now been proven wrong by scientific research? Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other medical and mental health professionals, as well as those affected by ADHD and their families, will find this to be am insightful and invaluable resource.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Tobias Banaschewski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxford Textbook of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is an authoritative, multi-disciplinary text covering the diagnosis, assessment and management of patients with ADHD.

Download or read book The Relationship Between Executive Functions and Memory in Normal and ADHD Children written by Ann E. Llewellyn and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Controversy exists as to when behaviors associated with frontal lobe functioning become fully developed in normal children. Similarly, the development of executive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has barely begun to be investigated. Although memory development in normal children is fairly established, the connection between memory and executive function development is not. This investigation examined the performance of twenty normal, and twenty ADHD children aged 5 and 7 on an executive function task, a simple memory task, and a more complex memory task that included internal distractor items."--Abstract.

Download or read book Childhood Executive Functioning Predicts Adolescent Functional Outcomes in Girls with and Without Attention deficit hyperactivity Disorder written by Meghan Rhys Miller and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Processing Speed in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the Predictors of Processing Speed in a Sample of ADHD and Controls written by Sarah A. Vadnais and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purposes of the present study were to determine which aspects of processing speed are affected in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and which cognitive and motoric skills predict processing speed performance. Results indicated that children with ADHD performed slower than controls on perceptual and visual-motor speed measures (Symbol Search and Coding) but not on reaction time or cognitive speed measures (Simple Reaction Time and Decision Speed). Those with ADHD-PI were particularly affected. Verbal working memory predicted Symbol Search, Coding and Decision Speed performance, while graphomotor speed predicted Coding, and fine motor dexterity predicted Decision Speed. Thus, children with ADHD may struggle on tasks with greater perceptual and visual-motor demands, which may be related to the inattention dimension. Furthermore, this study provides further evidence for the relationship between working memory and processing speed, especially central executive involvement in processing speed. Other theoretical and clinical implications are discussed for classroom and clinic interventions.

Download or read book Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale Children and Adolescents BDEFS CA written by Russell A. Barkley and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale--Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) is an empirically based tool for evaluating clinically significant dimensions of child and adolescent executive functioning. Evidence indicates that the BDEFS-CA is far more predictive of impairments in daily life activities than more time-consuming and costly traditional EF tests. The BDEFS-CA offers an ecologically valid snapshot of the capacities involved in time management, organization and problem solving, self-restraint, self-motivation, and self-regulation of emotions. Two parent-report forms are included: a long form (10-15 minutes) and a short form (3-5 minutes). There is also a short clinical interview form based on the short-form rating scale, for use in unusual circumstances where a parent is unable to complete a rating scale. Special features include an ADHD risk index in the long form. Complete instructions for scoring and interpreting the scale are provided. QUICK VIEW What does it do?: Provides an ecologically valid assessment of executive functioning deficits in daily life activities. Age Range: 6-17 Administration Time: Long Form: 10-15 minutes. Short Form: 3-5 minutes. Format: Parent-report rating scale. Cost of Additional Forms: No cost--purchasers get permission to reproduce the forms and score sheets for repeated use. See also the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS for Adults) and Barkley's authoritative book on EF development and deficits, Executive Functions. Also available: Barkley Functional Impairment Scale--Children and Adolescents (BFIS-CA). Includes Permission to Photocopy Enhancing the convenience and value of the BDEFS-CA, the limited photocopy license allows purchasers to reproduce the forms and score sheets and yields considerable cost savings over other available scales. The large format and sturdy wire binding facilitate photocopying. Age range: 6-17.

Download or read book A Pilot Study of the Neuropsychological Correlates of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with and Without a Bipolar Parent written by Matthew K. Wilhelm and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective: To determine if familial genetic and hereditary risk for bipolar disorder has a significant impact on neuropsychological functioning in children diagnosed with ADHD and if a neuropsychological specific marker can be identified in discriminating among these disorders. Methods: Participants were a group of 57 children, ages 7-17 years. One group of 23 children were diagnosed with ADHD and have one or more biological parents with bipolar disorder. The second group of 8 children were also diagnosed with ADHD but do not have a parental history of bipolar disorder. The third group, a control group of 26 children, have no psychiatric conditions and were partially matched on age and IQ. A Go No-Go Task and Two Back Task were given to measure executive functioning in the areas of processing speed and working memory. Results: Children in both ADHD groups differed significantly from children in the control group on measures of working memory and processing speed, but did not differ from each other. Conclusions: Familial hereditary risk for bipolar disorder did not appear to have a significant impact on executive functioning in children with ADHD. Subsequently, a neuropsychological specific marker was not identified in discriminating between children diagnosed with ADHD and those with a genetic predilection towards developing bipolar disorder. Results support the existing literature of diffuse executive dysfunction in ADHD and bipolar disorder.

Download or read book Autism as an Executive Disorder written by James Russell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1997 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism continues to fascinate researchers because it is both debilitating in its effects and complex in its nature and origins. The prevalent theory is that autism is primarily characterised by difficulties in understanding mental concepts, but the contributors to this book present new andcompelling arguments for an alternative theory. Their research points strongly to the idea that autism is primarily a disorder of "executive functions", those involved in the control of action and thought. As such, the book provides a new and controversial perspective on this importantquestion.

Download or read book The Relationship Between Executive Functioning Deficits and Functional Impairment in Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder written by Nicole M. Schumann and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Executive Functioning written by Sam Goldstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planning. Attention. Memory. Self-regulation. These and other core cognitive and behavioral operations of daily life comprise what we know as executive functioning (EF). But despite all we know, the concept has engendered multiple, often conflicting definitions and its components are sometimes loosely defined and poorly understood. The Handbook of Executive Functioning cuts through the confusion, analyzing both the whole and its parts in comprehensive, practical detail for scholar and clinician alike. Background chapters examine influential models of EF, tour the brain geography of the executive system and pose salient developmental questions. A section on practical implications relates early deficits in executive functioning to ADD and other disorders in children and considers autism and later-life dementias from an EF standpoint. Further chapters weigh the merits of widely used instruments for assessing executive functioning and review interventions for its enhancement, with special emphasis on children and adolescents. Featured in the Handbook: The development of hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence. A review of the use of executive function tasks in externalizing and internalizing disorders. Executive functioning as a mediator of age-related cognitive decline in adults. Treatment integrity in interventions that target executive function. Supporting and strengthening working memory in the classroom to enhance executive functioning. The Handbook of Executive Functioning is an essential resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners and graduate students in clinical child, school and educational psychology; child and adolescent psychiatry; neurobiology; developmental psychology; rehabilitation medicine/therapy and social work.

Download or read book ADHD in Adults written by Jan K. Buitelaar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-03 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the phenomenon of ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is well described in children, it is now thought that in up to 60% of cases the symptoms persist into adulthood. This volume reviews our growing knowledge of adult ADHD and presents a transatlantic perspective on the identification, assessment and treatment of the disorder. The introductory section covers the history of ADHD, as well as the epidemiology, consequences, gender differences and legal aspects. Detailed descriptions of the clinical features of ADHD in adults are then given to enhance the reader's clinical recognition and assessment. Subsequent sections cover treatment strategies, emphasising pharmacological, psychological and social interventions. Written and edited by experts internationally renowned for their work in ADHD, this is an essential resource for all mental health workers who encounter adults presenting with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Download or read book Infants Children and Adolescents written by Laura E. Berk and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 1874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now published by SAGE! A best-selling, chronologically organized child development text, Laura E. Berk’s Infants, Children, and Adolescents is relied on in classrooms worldwide for its clear, engaging writing style, exceptional multicultural and cross-cultural focus, first-rate coverage of developmental neuroscience, rich examples, and long-standing commitment to presenting the most up-to-date scholarship. Renowned professor, researcher, and author Laura E. Berk takes an integrated approach to presenting development in the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social domains, emphasizing the complex interchanges between heredity and environment and offering research-based, practical applications that students can relate to their personal and professional lives. The Ninth Edition’s extensive revision strengthens the connections among developmental domains and brings forth the most recent scholarship, representing the changing field of child development. Included with this title: LMS Cartridge: Import this title’s instructor resources into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don’t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site. Learn more.

Download or read book Executive Function Child Development written by Marcie Yeager and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brain-based approach to helping kids stay focused and achieve. Poor executive function (EF) in the brain can mean behavioral and attentional problems in school. This book explains to professionals and parents how EF develops in kids, what EF difficulties look like, and what creative and effective interventions can meet their needs. Executive functions involve mental processes such as: Working memory–holding several pieces of information in mind while we try to do something with them–for example, understand and solve a problem or carry out a task. Response inhibition–inhibiting actions that interfere with our intentions or goals. Shifting focus–interrupting an ongoing response in order to direct attention to other aspects of a situation that are important for goal attainment. Cognitive flexibility–generating alternative methods of solving a problem or reaching a goal. Self-monitoring–checking on one's own cognitions and actions to assure that they are in line with one's intentions. Goal Orientation–creating and carrying out a multi-step plan for achieving a goal in a timely fashion, keeping the "big picture" in mind.

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Download or read book Training and Enhancing Executive Function written by Gian Marco Marzocchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.