Download or read book The Relationship Between Different Patterns of Weekly Physical Activity Accumulation and the Metabolic Syndrome in Canadian Adults written by Janine Marie Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Total weekly moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) accumulated in different patterns has not been well studied: it is not yet known whether sporadic MVPA (periods of

Download or read book Description of Sporadic Physical Activity and the Relationship Between Non Bouted Physical Activity and the Metabolic Syndrome in American Adults written by Jordan Christopher Donald Robson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Less than 15% of North American adults currently met the physical activity guidelines. These guidelines recommend that adults accumulate at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in bouts of 10 minutes or more. Emerging evidence suggests that accumulating sporadic MVPA (i.e. physical activity performed in periods of less than 10 consecutive minutes) also has health benefits. Little is known about how much sporadic physical activity (SPA) adults get. Furthermore, it is not known if SPA needs to be of at least moderate intensity to convey health benefits. The purpose of this thesis was twofold: 1) to describe SPA levels and intensity patterns in adults, and 2) to investigate the relationship between various intensities of SPA and the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Data for the thesis research came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative cross-sectional sample of adults from the United States. Physical activity was measured over 7 days using accelerometers, which are small electronic sensors worn on the hip. The metabolic syndrome was determined from direct body measurements and blood samples. Results of this thesis indicate that the typical American adult accumulates 103 minutes/day of SPA, which represented 27% of their total daily physical activity. Of these 103 minutes/day, only 2 minutes/day were of moderate-to-vigorous intensity. However, adults accumulated 16 minutes/day of MVPA that was embedded within bouts of primarily light intensity activity - is activity did not meet the MVPA bout criteria but it was not truly sporadic since it occurred within bouts of primarily light intensity activity. Accumulation of this iii embedded MVPA was as strongly related to the MetS as bouted MVPA. Conversely, sporadic light intensity physical activity was weakly associated with the metabolic syndrome. Together, these results suggest MVPA is commonly accumulated outside of the current recommended bout length and that this type of activity is strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome.

Download or read book Physical Activity written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2008, the U.S. federal government issued fully approved physical activity guidelines for the first time. The idea that physical activity impacts health can be traced as far back as Hippocrates, and the science around the linkages between physical activity and health has continuously accumulated. On April 14-15, 2015, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a 2-day workshop to explore the state of the science regarding the impact of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity and to highlight innovative strategies for promoting physical activity across different segments of the population. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop.

Download or read book Description of Sporadic Physical Activity and the Relationship Between Non Bouted Physical Activity and the Metabolic Syndrome in American Adults written by Jordan CD. Robson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Self reported Physical Activity and Risk Factors Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome Amongst the Adult Physical Fitness Program Cohort written by Mary Catherine Nagle and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Fitness Physical Activity Insulin Sensitivity and Regional Distribution of Body Fat and Microvascular Characteristics in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome written by Christopher Kent Davis and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship Between Leisure time Physical Activity and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U S Adults written by James Richard Churilla and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology written by Michael F. Leitzmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the origins, determinants and magnitude of the global problem of sedentary behaviour, along with concise yet in-depth solutions for tackling it. As a consequence of major technological advances in modern society, many people find themselves in environments characterized by prolonged sedentary behaviour. Although inadequate exercise has long been known to cause adverse health consequences, sedentary behaviour has recently emerged as a risk factor for the development of numerous chronic diseases and health conditions. Building on the contributions of leading experts in the field, this book presents current knowledge about sedentary behaviour, its medical and public health significance, its correlates and determinants, measurement techniques, and recommendations for addressing this behaviour at the individual, community, environmental, and policy level. Applying a cross-disciplinary methodology, the book avoids considering physical activity and sedentary behavior as a single continuum, which potentially hampers progress in confronting widespread levels of sedentariness. Rather, the book helps readers better understand how sedentary and physically active behavior co-occur and how the two behaviours have distinct contributing factors. Building on the contributions of distinguished international experts in the field, this thorough resource is a valuable asset and challenges professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners alike to adopt new strategies and expand their reach.

Download or read book Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Disease in Canada written by Deepa Prema Rao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk condition describing a clustering of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. A number of risk and protective factors have been associated with MetS, and individuals with MetS are at a higher risk for developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Objective: To contribute to the understanding of MetS in Canada, and to describe how it is a risk state through which material, psychosocial, and behavioural factors associate with chronic diseases. This was examined through three objectives: (i) to describe the prevalence and distribution of MetS; (ii) to examine potential pathways linking income and education with MetS; and (iii) to examine the interplay between non-movement behaviours (NMBs, namely sleep, screen time, and sedentary behaviour) and MetS. Methods: The Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2009, 2009-2011, ages 18 and older) was used for all analyses, which include logistic regression, multinomial regression, and calculation of standardized logit coefficients. Results: MetS was prevalent among approximately 20% of Canadian adults. It was significantly associated with chronic diseases, such as diabetes (11.2% vs. 3.4% among those with MetS vs. the general population). A social gradient in MetS was identified, and the behavioural risk factors of alcohol use, smoking, physical inactivity, and screen time were suggested to be partial mediators of this pathway. Findings demonstrated that not adhering to physical activity guidelines (150 minutes or more of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week) was associated with increased odds of MetS. A stepwise moderating effect of guideline adherence on screen time and sleep behaviours was demonstrated. Conclusion: MetS is prevalent in Canadian adults, and a high proportion of individuals with MetS have chronic conditions. Addressing the modifiable determinants of physical inactivity, excess screen time, alcohol consumption, and smoking may reduce the social gradient in MetS. Furthermore, adhering to physical activity guidelines may mitigate the associations of NMBs with MetS. The current thesis suggests that healthy behaviours are associated with lower risk for MetS, and therefore, possibly for future chronic disease.

Download or read book Physical Activity and Obesity 2nd Edition written by and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2010 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical Activity and Obesity, Second Edition, provides a clear explanation of the concepts, research techniques, and results of studies critical to understanding physical activity and the obesity epidemic.

Download or read book Associations of Total Activity Counts and Physical Activity Intensity Levels with the Metabolic Syndrome written by Dana Lizbeth Wolff and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To clarify the protective benefits of physical activity (PA), epidemiologists and public health researchers continue to seek improved methods of assessing PA. In particular, accelerometers have gained acceptance with researchers as they provide reliable estimates of PA and can record both the amount and intensity of ambulatory movement. However, there is concern that accelerometer data reduction techniques may not provide quantitatively accurate measurements of time spent in various PA intensity categories. One way to circumvent these inaccuracies is to use the accelerometer-derived total activity counts (TAC), which is a more direct expression of what the monitor records. In order to explore the efficacy of TAC as a measure of PA, this dissertation used data from the 2003 - 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to: 1) investigate whether TAC was more strongly associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers than minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 2) determine population-referenced TAC percentiles for the U.S. population, and 3) determine which accelerometer-derived measure(s) of PA intensity and volume provided the best fit for assessing the association with the metabolic syndrome. The first study demonstrated that TAC had stronger associations with cardiometabolic biomarkers than time spent in MVPA bouts of ≥ 10 minutes, suggesting TAC is a more robust measure of PA (Part IV). In the second study, age- and gender- specific population-referenced percentiles for TAC, MVPA, and light PA (LPA) were developed (Part V). This is a different approach to accelerometer data reduction that complements the current method of looking at time spent in intensity sub-categories. The third study used structural equation modeling to examine whether TAC, MVPA, or MVPA plus LPA provided the best fit for assessing the relationship with the metabolic syndrome (Part VI). This study also assessed the relative contribution of LPA, MPA, VPA, and TAC to the reduction in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Results indicated a model with TAC provided the best fit for assessing the relationship between PA and the metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest TAC, may be a better measure of PA when examining the reduction in the metabolic syndrome prevalence.

Download or read book Multi cohort Examination of Sedentary Behavior Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome written by Robert Edward Booker (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading causes of worldwide mortality, of which metabolic syndrome is a major contributor. Increased sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity have been independently associated with increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and subsequent maladies. Likewise, the development of more contemporary methodologies of measuring metabolic syndrome allow for a more nuanced examination of risk. However, these new methodologies lack extensive utilization among the physical activity epidemiology literature. The scarcity of research incorporating the independent relations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and contemporary methodologies to measure metabolic syndrome warrants additional investigation. This dissertation aimed to further discern these relations using three different cohort data sets. Data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), and the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study were utilized to further elucidate the relations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and metabolic syndrome in three separate studies. The studies observed the majority of waking hours were spent engaged in sedentary behaviors; although, each cohort also appeared to meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Metabolic syndrome positive individuals from NHANES engaged in similar amounts of physical activity as the general population. While the diversity of physical activity type was less, the physical activities engaged in were typically at the same prevalence among metabolic syndrome positive and the general populations. Sedentary behaviors were associated with increased metabolic syndrome severity score, but this relation was attenuated when moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were added to the model for both JHS and CARDIA studies. Decreasing sedentary time and with an equivalent amount of physical activity, of any intensity, is beneficial for cardiometabolic health. Understanding which physical activities subpopulations engage in can be paired with culturally competent interventions to increase physical activity engagement. Exceeding the minimum requirements for the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans can produce increases in cardiorespiratory fitness, which have an independent positive impact on cardiometabolic health. Strategies should aim to increase physical activity among sedentary individuals, while limiting sedentary time among those physically active.

Download or read book Physical Activity Epidemiology 2nd Edition written by Rod K. Dishman and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2004 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Relationship of the Metabolic Syndrome Components with Physical Activity Cardiovascular Fitness and Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents written by Diane Blahut and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact of Freedson Bout Vs Non Freedson Bout Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Risk in College Students written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose The aim of this study is to examine moderate to vigorous physical activity in Freedson bouts compared to non-Freedson bouts and their association with Metabolic Syndrome risk factors in college students. Methods 72 subjects aged 18-26 were recruited from James Madison University. Subjects height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body composition were assessed on visit 1. Blood pressure, fasted blood glucose, and lipid profile were assessed on visit 2. Subjects wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, which measured physical activity and sleep for 7 days and nights. Univariate Pearson correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship physical activity variables and MetS risk factors. Variables determined to have the greatest correlation for each risk factor were used as independent variables in a step-wise, multiple linear regression to determine the best predictor for each MetS risk factor. Variables established as having the greatest correlation with MetS were evaluated as covariates. Statistical significance was set a priori at p0.05. Results Correlational analyses suggest the strongest predictors of MetS were daily average time in moderate activity, daily average MVPA, total number of Freedson bouts, total minutes in Freedson bouts, total MVPA, and total steps. Step count was the only significant predictor of waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (Rsup2/sup= 0.07; p0.05; Rsup2/sup= 0.14; p

Download or read book The Epidemiology of Physical Activity in Canada written by Shirley Noelle Bryan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four studies of this thesis provide an overview of the epidemiology of physical activity in Canada. In the first study two methods of coding activities used in estimating leisure-time physical activity energy expenditure (LTPAEE), from a questionnaire including 21 specific activities, and up to three "other" activities were compared. The authors assessed whether the assignment of activity intensity for "other" activities has an effect on LTPAEE and the classification of respondents as physically active versus inactive. The results indicate that the population classification of activity level is not affected by the intensity code; however, individual level LTPAEE is under-estimated from light and vigorous activities and over-estimated from moderate activities using the current method. In study two the proportion of Canadians meeting Canada's physical activity guidelines for moderate and vigorous activities was estimated. The prevalence of adults reporting no activity has not changed since 1994/95 and the prevalence of meeting the guidelines has increased by about 11%. Men, younger adults, those with higher income and lower body mass index (BMI) meet the guidelines more often than their peers. The epidemiology of walking among Canadians between 1994 and 2007 was assessed in the third study. Walking was the most popular activity, regardless of age, sex, BMI or income group; however, only 30% of walkers walked regularly. Women, older adults, those with lower BMI and lower household income walk regularly more often than their counterparts. Women, older adults and lower income Canadians tended to derive 100% of their total LTPAEE from walking. An evaluation of whether meeting the guidelines for physical activity was associated with lower odds of chronic conditions and reporting fair/poor health was undertaken in study four. After adjustment for covariates, the odds of type 2 diabetes, obesity and reporting fair/poor health were significantly higher among those not meeting the guidelines for both sexes and for high blood pressure among women. Together these findings provide an understanding of the limitations of estimating LTPAEE, provide estimates of the proportion of Canadians meeting the guidelines for physical activity and provide insight into the relationship between meeting the guidelines and chronic conditions.

Download or read book Obesity A Kinesiology Perspective written by Roy J. Shephard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been many books written on the subject of obesity, but most have approached the topic from the standpoint of the nutritionist, concluding from the somewhat fallacious evidence of changes in body mass that exercise has little place in the prevention or the treatment of obesity. This new volume, written by an exercise physiologist, approaches the topic through a thoughtful lens, suggesting that regular physical activity plays an important role in preventing the development of obesity, is a valuable adjunct therapy in the treatment of the established condition, and makes a solid contribution to the maintenance of weight loss once target weights have been achieved. In addition to detailing evidence that supports such a conclusion, the text offers a unique perspective on obesity over the ages. It evaluates methods of determining body fat content that are appropriate to field and epidemiological studies, and it looks at the timing and aetiology of the recent obesity epidemic. It also considers the diseases associated with obesity and the resultant medical costs, attempting to disentangle the respective contributions of a sedentary lifestyle and the resultant accumulation of fat to the observed patterns of ill-health. Other sections of the text suggest that adipose tissue has important functions beyond the passive storage of energy, and looks critically at the excuse of "bad genes" that some people plead to explain their excessive body weight. Obesity: A Kinesiologist’s Perspective should thus provide helpful information and be a key resource for students and researchers alike in bariatrics, kinesiology and nutrition as well as the related disciplines.