Download or read book The Reduction of CO2 Emissions Via CO2 Capture and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by James C. Fisher (II) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in CO2 emissions over past decades are the result of a growing dependence on fossil fuels. Examination of CO2 emission sources revealed that more than 33% of global CO2 emissions result from coal-fired power plants, which represent the largest stationary source of CO2. Two proposed approaches for reduction of CO2 emissions: (i) a short term (i.e. 7-10 years) capture of CO2 from coal-fired power plants and (ii) a long term (i.e. 10-15 years) approach is the replacement of coal-fired power plants by coal-based fuel cells. These approaches purify CO2 for sequestration. Carbon capture from existing power plants could be accomplished by passing the flue gas through a sorbent. The sorbent captures the CO2 from the flue gas then regenerated producing purified CO2. Direct coal fuel cells directly convert coal to electricity through the electrochemical oxidation of carbon. The mixing of air and coal does not occur in the fuel cell, leading to highly concentrated CO2 effluent for sequestration. CO2 capture was investigated by transient flow, bed temperature measurement, and temperature programmed CO2 desorption coupled with IR effluent measurement of seventeen sorbents, which had SiO2, carbon, or beta zeolite as a support. The heat released during the exothermic adsorption of CO2 onto amine resulted in a bed temperature rise. The heat generated could be dissipated with a smaller particle size and greater thermal conductivity. The heat released was used to verify the capture capacity using a thermal camera and high throughput adsorber that screened thirteen sorbents simultaneously. The carbon initially investigated produced an ammonia odor and had a low capture capacity. The ammonia odor was the result of acid-base interaction between the support and amine groups. The use of a neutral carbon increased the capture capacity to 2.8 mmol CO2/g-sorbent. Beta zeolite, which captures 1.8 mmol CO2/g-sorbent, was found to contain acid sites that lowered the capture capacity. Molecular probing with benzene indicated a reduction of acidic sites with basic NH3 treatment and the reduction of surface -OH groups with basic NH4OH treatment. Beat zeolite treatment with NH3 and NH4OH resulted in a capture capacity of 2.0 and 2.2 mmol CO2/g-sorbent, respectively. Further DRIFTS IR investigation showed the amine interacted with the -OH groups of beta zeolite. Adsorption of CO2 formed carbonates, which may utilized the O atom from the interaction of the amine and support. The carbonate formation profile was parallel to H-bonding indicating adsorbed CO2 had a dual-interaction where a carbonate and H-bond was formed. This dual interaction may have inhibited gas and adsorbed phase CO2 exchange observed on metal surfaces. LSCF was investigated as an anode material for a direct CH4 solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) through unsteady state response coupled with mass spectrometer analysis. Comparison of a Ni anode and LSCF/Ni anode was done to determine if LSCF promoted the electrochemical oxidation of carbon. The introduction of 50% CH4 into the LSCF/Ni anode SOFC produced a greater amount of CO than the Ni anode, indicating the LSCF increased the initial intrinsic rate of carbon oxidation. The H2 and CO profile produced by the LSCF/Ni anode lacked a parallel structure indicating different reaction pathways. Current-voltage measurement over LSCF/Ni during 50% CH4 led to a higher formation of CO than that of the Ni anode, confirming a high intrinsic rate of formation. Removal of CH4 from the Ni anode resulted in a rapid drop in current; removal of CH4 from the LSCF/Ni anode resulted in a slow decrease in current and the formation of CO and CO2. The formation of CO2 on the LSCF/Ni anode suggests the presences H2 and CH4 inhibit the electrochemical oxidation of carbon to CO2. The formation of CO2 over the LSCF/Ni anode indicates LSCF ability to completely electrochemically oxidize carbon, which was not observed on the Ni anode. Structural degradation led to failure the Ni anode cell after 0.5 hours of pure CH4 operation and after 2 hours on the LSCF/Ni anode. These results suggest LSCF promotes the electrochemical oxidation of carbon resulting in a lower intrinsic rate of formation of coke in the Ni/LSCF SOFC.

Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Reduction through Advanced Conversion and Utilization Technologies written by Yun Zheng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Dioxide Reduction through Advanced Conversion and Utilization Technologies covers fundamentals, advanced conversion technologies, economic feasibility analysis, and future research directions in the field of CO2 conversion and utilization. This book emphasizes principles of various conversion technologies for CO2 reduction such as enzymatic conversion, mineralization, thermochemical, photochemical, and electrochemical processes. It addresses materials, components, assembly and manufacturing, degradation mechanisms, challenges, and development strategies. Applications of conversion technologies for CO2 reduction to produce useful fuels and chemicals in energy and industrial systems are discussed as solutions to reduce greenhouse effects and energy shortages. Particularly, the advanced materials and technology of high temperature co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2 to produce sustainable fuels using solid oxide cells (SOCs) are reviewed and the introduction, fundamentals, and some significant topics regarding this CO2 conversion process are discussed. This book provides a comprehensive and clear picture of advanced technologies in CO2 conversion and utilization. Written in a clear and detailed manner, it is suitable for students as well as industry professionals, researchers, and academics.

Download or read book Green Carbon Dioxide written by Gabriele Centi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-17 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PROMISING NEW APPROACHES TO RECYCLE CARBON DIOXIDE AND REDUCE EMISSIONS With this book as their guide, readers will learn a variety of new approaches and methods to recycle and reuse carbon dioxide (CO2) in order to produce green fuels and chemicals and, at the same time, minimize CO2 emissions. The authors demonstrate how to convert CO2 into a broad range of essential products by using alternative green energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydro-power as well as sustainable energy sources. Readers will discover that CO2 can be a driving force for the sustainable future of both the chemical industry and the energy and fuels industry. Green Carbon Dioxide features a team of expert authors, offering perspectives on the latest breakthroughs in CO2 recycling from Asia, Europe, and North America. The book begins with an introduction to the production of CO2-based fuels and chemicals. Next, it covers such topics as: Transformation of CO2 to useable products through free-radical-induced reactions Hydrogenation of CO2 to liquid fuels Direct synthesis of organic carbonates from CO2 and alcohols using heterogeneous oxide catalysts Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in methanol medium Fuel production from photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with water using TiO2-based nanocomposites Use of CO2 in enhanced oil recovery and carbon capture and sequestration More than 1,000 references enable readers to explore individual topics in greater depth. Green Carbon Dioxide offers engineers, chemists, and managers in the chemical and energy and fuel industries a remarkable new perspective, demonstrating how CO2 can play a significant role in the development of a sustainable Earth.

Download or read book Automotive Fuels Reference Book written by Paul Richards and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first two editions of this title, published by SAE International in 1990 and 1995, have been best-selling definitive references for those needing technical information about automotive fuels. This long-awaited new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, yet retains the original fundamental fuels information that readers find so useful. This book is written for those with an interest in or a need to understand automotive fuels. Because automotive fuels can no longer be developed in isolation from the engines that will convert the fuel into the power necessary to drive our automobiles, knowledge of automotive fuels will also be essential to those working with automotive engines. Small quantities of fuel additives increasingly play an important role in bridging the gap that often exists between fuel that can easily be produced and fuel that is needed by the ever-more sophisticated automotive engine. This book pulls together in a single, extensively referenced volume, the three different but related topics of automotive fuels, fuel additives, and engines, and shows how all three areas work together. It includes a brief history of automotive fuels development, followed by chapters on automotive fuels manufacture from crude oil and other fossil sources. One chapter is dedicated to the manufacture of automotive fuels and fuel blending components from renewable sources. The safe handling, transport, and storage of fuels, from all sources, are covered. New combustion systems to achieve reduced emissions and increased efficiency are discussed, and the way in which the fuels’ physical and chemical characteristics affect these combustion processes and the emissions produced are included. There is also discussion on engine fuel system development and how these different systems affect the corresponding fuel requirements. Because the book is for a global market, fuel system technologies that only exist in the legacy fleet in some markets are included. The way in which fuel requirements are developed and specified is discussed. This covers test methods from simple laboratory bench tests, through engine testing, and long-term test procedures.

Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Emission Control and Recycle written by Rahesh A. Khatri and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Carbon dioxide (CO2) has major greenhouse effect as the concentration of CO2 is significantly higher than that of other greenhouse gases. The strategies to control CO2 emissions include is CO2 sequestration, recycle, and efficient use of fossil energy. The key to CO2 sequestration is the control of CO2 emissions from flue gases of coal-fired power plants, since the coal-fired power plants contribute to more than 33% of CO2 emissions in US. One feasible approach to capture CO2 from flue gases is adsorption of CO2 by solid sorbent. The objective of the first part of this study is to develop a solid sorbent with amine functional groups which have potential to adsorb CO2 reversibly. The preparation of this novel amine sorbent involves grafting of aminoalkyltrialkoxysilanes with SBA-15, a well defined mesoporous material with a pore size of 220 Å. The amine-treated SBA-15 is able to adsorb 2464 [mu]mol CO2/g at 30°C and desorb 1091 [mu]mol CO2/g at 120°C. The high capacity of amine treated sorbent will allow the effective use of thermal cycle to uptake CO2 from flue gas. The approach we investigate to recycle CO2 to hydrocarbons is photosynthesis. This research is motivated by abundance of CO2, water, and solar energy. We have used copper based sol-gel derived TiO2 to study the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to identify the reaction mechanism so that we can design an efficient photocatalyst to convert CO2 to hydrocarbons. One approach to father limit CO2 emissions is by improving the efficiency in conversion of fossil energy to electrical energy. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have gained interest recently due to its high efficiency in production of electricity. We have constructed a SOFC operating on methane to evaluate the efficiency of catalyst in electricity generation. Results of these studies show that we were able to design a solid sorbent with amine functional groups on mesoporous material surface which have high CO2 adsorption capacity. The Cu/sol-gel TiO2 catalyst does show activity for production of hydrocarbons which was confirmed using IR spectroscopy and Gas chromatography. We have successfully constructed a SOFC to evaluate the catalyst for the fuel cell reactions."--P. iii-iv.

Download or read book CO2 Free Ammonia as an Energy Carrier written by Ken-ichi Aika and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes important findings in intensive studies conducted in Japan on ammonia as an energy carrier. It illustrates an advanced solar-heat capture system and storage materials at 600°C and hydrogen production with SOECs and a new IS method through the use of heat. New industrial ammonia catalysts and a demonstration process that started running in Fukushima are also introduced. Advanced ammonia decomposition catalysts and the process that were developed for use by the hydrogen station are presented. An advanced direct ammonia fuel cell was developed and the base data are shown. The book explains that ammonia is used as a fuel for industrial applications because its burning can be controlled without emitting extra NOx in the gas turbine and the real coal co-fired power plant. These breakthroughs have made a strong impact in the world as a practical technology for CO2 reduction. Also provided here are the scientific and industrial backgrounds as well as the environmental assessment and economic evaluation for the future.This book will be helpful for all who are interested in energy technology—researchers, students, and strategy planners at companies and in the government.

Download or read book Generation and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Carbon Sequestration in Northwest Indiana written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the project is to develop the technology capable of capturing all carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from natural gas fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system. In addition, the technology to electrochemically oxidize any remaining carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide will be developed. Success of this R & D program would allow for the generation of electrical power and thermal power from a fossil fuel driven SOFC system without the carbon emissions resulting from any other fossil fueled power generationg system.

Download or read book CO2 Capture written by Fabrice Lecomte and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2010 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CO2 capture and geological storage (CCS) is now recognised as being one of the pathways that can be implemented to reduce CO2 emissions and fight against global warming. But where, how and at what price can CO2 be captured? This book attempts to provide the answers to these questions, reviewing the state of the art of the technologies required. It presents the three main pathways considered in which the CO2 capture technologies are expected to be implemented, respectively: the post-combustion pathway, in which the CO2 contained in industrial flue gases is extracted; the oxy-combustion pathway, in which combustion is performed in oxygen to obtain flue gases with high CO2 concentration; and lastly the pre-combustion pathway, in which carbon is extracted from the initial fuel to generate hydrogen, whose combustion will produce only water vapour. The book introduces, for each pathway, the technologies currently available and those under development. It is intended for everyone wanting to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms implemented in CO2 capture operations, as well as the technological and economic challenges to be met to ensure that the costs generated by these operations are no longer an obstacle to their worldwide generalisation.Contents: 1. Why capture and store CO2? Global warming. How to reduce CO2 emissions. Main links of the CCS chain. 2. Where capture CO2? CO2 fixed emission sources worldwide. Fixed sources in France. CO2 capture potential in France. 3. Post-Combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Characteristics of post-combustion flue gases. Separation techniques potentially suitable for post-combustion CO2 capture. Technologies under development for post-combustion CO2 Capture. CO2 conditioning. Conclusion. 4. Oxy-combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Oxy-combustion. Chemical looping combustion. CO2 conditioning. Demonstrations. 5. Pre-combustion CO2 capture. Principles and stakes. Syngas production. Water-gas shift reaction. CO2 extraction. CO2 conditioning. Hydrogen combustion. Integrated power production processes with pre-combustion CO2 capture. 6. Capture and store CO2: at what cost? Calculation bases. CO2 capture costs. CO2 transport costs. CO2 storage costs. Trend in the cost of the CCS chain - Power production. Variability of CCS chain costs. Application to existing installations. Conclusion. Appendix.

Download or read book From CO2 emissions to Fuels and Chemicals Current Development Challenges and Perspectives written by Adele Brunetti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-12 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CO2 Capture Utilization and Sequestration Strategies written by Yatish T. Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering practical treatment strategies for CO2 emission generated from various energy-related sources, CO2 Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration Strategies emphasizes carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) with special focus on methods for each component of the strategy. While other books mostly focus on CCS strategy for CO2, this book details the technologies available for utilization of CO2, showing how it can be a valuable renewable source for chemicals, materials, fuels, and power instead of a waste material damaging the environment. Highlights current and potential future commercially viable CCUS strategies Discusses applications for direct and the more complex indirect utilization of CO2 streams Examines viability of the mineral carbonation process and biological treatments to convert CO2 into useful biochemicals, biomaterials, and biofuels Explores heterogeneous catalysis for thermal and electrochemical conversion and solar energy-based thermal, photo-thermal, and photocatalytic conversion of CO2 Presents the rapidly growing concept of plasma-activated catalysis for CO2 conversion CO2 Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration Strategies is a valuable reference for researchers in academia, industry, and government organizations seeking a guide to effective CCUS processes, technologies, and applications.

Download or read book Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion written by Tomas Ramirez Reina and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide that offers a review of the current technologies that tackle CO2 emissions The race to reduce CO2 emissions continues to be an urgent global challenge. "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" offers a thorough guide to the most current technologies designed to mitigate CO2 emissions ranging from CO2 capture to CO2 utilization approaches. With contributions from an international panel representing a wide range of expertise, this book contains a multidisciplinary toolkit that covers the myriad aspects of CO2 conversion strategies. Comprehensive in scope, it explores the chemical, physical, engineering and economical facets of CO2 conversion. "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" explores a broad range of topics including linking CFD and process simulations, membranes technologies for efficient CO2 capture-conversion, biogas sweetening technologies, plasma-assisted conversion of CO2, and much more. This important resource: * Addresses a pressing concern of global environmental damage, caused by the greenhouse gases emissions from fossil fuels * Contains a review of the most current developments on the various aspects of CO2 capture and utilization strategies * Incldues information on chemical, physical, engineering and economical facets of CO2 capture and utilization * Offers in-depth insight into materials design, processing characterization, and computer modeling with respect to CO2 capture and conversion Written for catalytic chemists, electrochemists, process engineers, chemical engineers, chemists in industry, photochemists, environmental chemists, theoretical chemists, environmental officers, "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" provides the most current and expert information on the many aspects and challenges of CO2 conversion.

Download or read book Advances in Carbon Capture and Utilization written by Deepak Pant and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-26 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the recent trends in carbon management and up-to-date information on different carbon management strategies that lead to manage increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The growing evidence of climate change resulting from the continued increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has made it a high profile political–social and trade issue. The mean global average earth temperature rose by 0.6± 2°C during the second half of the century with the rate of 0.17°C/decade. As per GISS data in the year of 2017, it rose 0.9°C (1.62 °F) above the 1951-1980 mean global temperature. Recently World Meteorological Organization analyzes the past record temperature and found the past 10 years were the warmest years about 1.1°C above preindustrial level. Over the past decade, carbon management by various techniques has to come to fore as a way to manage carbon dioxide emissions contributing to climate change. The proposed book addresses the need for an understanding of sustainable carbon dioxide management technologies mainly focused on (a) minimizing carbon dioxide emission from sources; (b) maximizing environmentally sound recuse, reduce and recycling; (c)emerging technology toward carbon dioxide mitigation and d) converting carbon dioxide into valuable products form sustainable use. Other books related to carbon management attempt to cover the carbon capture and sequestration, carbon mineralization, utilization and storage but the topic of CO2 management strategies is not discussed in detail for sustainable development. Furthermore, this book also covers all physical, chemical and biological process for long-term capture, removal and sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for sustainable management which is not described in other carbon management books. In order to meet CO2 emissions reduction target, a range of technological approaches, including development of clean fuels and clean coal technologies, adopting cleaner and more energy efficiency and conservation, developing renewable energy and implementing CCS technologies, will also be considered for sustainable future.

Download or read book CO2 Separation Purification and Conversion to Chemicals and Fuels written by Franz Winter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the recent research on the separation, purification and downstream utilization of CO2 and other flue gases. Chapters include a detailed discussion on the purification and further conversion of CO2 to commodity chemicals and fuels. With contributions from renowned researchers in the field, the book focuses on the current challenges of catalytic high-pressure chemical conversion and biochemical conversion into high-value products. This book is of interest to researchers, professionals, and students working on carbon capture and sequestration, and is a valuable resource for policy makers and government agents working on guidelines and frameworks for carbon capture and reuse.

Download or read book Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the quest to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, researchers and policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to techniques for capturing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, either from the locations where they are emitted or directly from the atmosphere. Once captured, these gases can be stored or put to use. While both carbon storage and carbon utilization have costs, utilization offers the opportunity to recover some of the cost and even generate economic value. While current carbon utilization projects operate at a relatively small scale, some estimates suggest the market for waste carbon-derived products could grow to hundreds of billions of dollars within a few decades, utilizing several thousand teragrams of waste carbon gases per year. Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization: Status and Research Needs assesses research and development needs relevant to understanding and improving the commercial viability of waste carbon utilization technologies and defines a research agenda to address key challenges. The report is intended to help inform decision making surrounding the development and deployment of waste carbon utilization technologies under a variety of circumstances, whether motivated by a goal to improve processes for making carbon-based products, to generate revenue, or to achieve environmental goals.

Download or read book Analysis of Solid State Solid Oxide Electrolyte Based Direct Carbon Fuel Cells written by Andrew Campbell Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efficient use of solid fuels, including coal and biomass, is of paramount importance in light of limited fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns over pollution and atmospheric carbon dioxide. The solid state, direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC), using an oxide ion conducting electrolyte, is investigated here as a means to efficiently extract work from carbonaceous solids, while producing a capture ready stream of CO2. The fuel is supplied as a free particle bed in direct contact with an SOFC anode. Thermodynamic performance and behavior, carbon reactivity, and experimental DCFC performance are used as metrics to explore feasibility. Thermodynamic system analyses are performed in order to estimate DCFC system performance, as compared to systems using separate autothermal or indirect gasification steps upstream of the fuel cell. The maximum work output of the indirect gasification scheme is 4--7% lower than the unconstrained direct approach, while the work output of the autothermal gasification approach is 12--13% lower than the unconstrained case. Detailed calculations for the DCFC and indirect gasification plants give nominal system efficiencies between 51 and 58%, compared to the autothermal gasification approach which was found to be 33--35% efficient. DCFC efficiencies can be increased to over 60% by an increase in operating voltage and/or inclusion of a bottoming cycle. Open circuit potential measurements agree with equilibrium calculations both for the C-O and C-H-O chemical systems, confirming the governing mechanism and feasibility of the DCFC. The Boudouard reaction governs the cell potential in the presence of solid carbon. Reactivities (to CO2) of various pulverized carbons and chars were measured and compared using thermogravimetric analysis. Coal and biomass chars created under high heating rates demonstrate the highest reactivities, as compared to slowly heat coals or highly processed fuels. A five-step heterogeneous chemical reaction mechanism characterizing the Boudouard reaction was employed to model activated carbon gasification at a pressure of 1 atm in the temperature range of 973 to 1273 K. These experimentally verified kinetic parameters were then included in a transport model to calculate scalar concentration fields established in the carbon bed as a consequence of convection, diffusion, and heterogeneous reaction. The model, validated using fixed bed experiments, is used to simulate the effect of an imbedded SOFC, in contact with the carbon bed. Current densities in the practical range of 100--1000 mA/cm2 can be supported by the considered geometry. Current--voltage measurements performed on a lab-scale system demonstrate power densities of 220mW/cm2 at 0.68V during operation at 1178 K using activated carbon. Several additional experiments, including DC measurements and gas chromatographic measurements, were conducted to determine the effects of carrier gas on performance and to verify Faradaic operation via an oxygen balance. In addition to work production from the DCFC, hydrogen production using the SOFC architecture is also considered. The carbon assisted steam electrolysis (CASE) system is analyzed as a means to reduce the losses from conventional electrolysis. Thermodynamic analysis suggests efficiencies of nominally 60% are possible using a coupled CASE-DCFC plant. Measured open circuit voltages agree with theoretical calculations for the carbon-steam cell, and gas analysis verifies hydrogen production. Current-voltage measurements were taken of several un-optimized configurations of CASE cells.

Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.

Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Utilization to Sustainable Energy and Fuels written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book provides an in-depth overview of carbon dioxide (CO2) transformations to sustainable power technologies. It also discusses the wide scope of issues in engineering avenues, key designs, device fabrication, characterizations, various types of conversions and related topics. It includes studies focusing on the applications in catalysis, energy conversion and conversion technologies, etc. This is a unique reference guide, and one of the detailed works is on this technology. The book is the result of commitments by leading researchers from various backgrounds and expertise. The book is well structured and is an essential resource for scientists, undergraduate, postgraduate students, faculty, R&D professionals, energy chemists and industrial experts.