Download or read book Questions About Questions written by Judith M. Tanur and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1992-02-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social survey has become an essential tool in modern society, providing crucial measurements of social change, describing social life, and guiding government policy. But the validity of surveys is fragile and depends ultimately upon the accuracy of answers to survey questions. As our dependence on surveys grows, so too have questions about the accuracy of survey responses. Authored by a group of experts in cognitive psychology, linguistics, and survey research, Questions About Questions provides a broad review of the survey response problem. Examining the cognitive and social processes that influence the answers to questions, the book first takes up the problem of meaning and demonstrates that a respondent must share the survey researcher's intended meaning of a question if the response is to be revealing and informative. The book then turns to an examination of memory. It provides a framework for understanding the processes that can introduce errors into retrospective reports, useful guidance on when those reports are more or less trustworthy, and investigates techniques for the improvement of such reports. Questions about the rigid standardization imposed on the survey interview receive a thorough airing as the authors show how traditional survey formats violate the usual norms of conversational behavior and potentially endanger the validity of the data collected. Synthesizing the work of the Social Science Research Council's Committee on Cognition and Survey Research, Questions About Questions emphasizes the reciprocal gains to be achieved when insights and techniques from the cognitive sciences and survey research are exchanged. "these chapters provide a good sense of the range of survey problems investigated by the cognitive movement, the methods and ideas it draws upon, and the results it has yielded." —American Journal of Sociology

Download or read book Question Answering over Text and Knowledge Base written by Saeedeh Momtazi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-04 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a coherent and complete overview of various Question Answering (QA) systems. It covers three main categories based on the source of the data that can be unstructured text (TextQA), structured knowledge graphs (KBQA), and the combination of both. Developing a QA system usually requires using a combination of various important techniques, including natural language processing, information retrieval and extraction, knowledge graph processing, and machine learning. After a general introduction and an overview of the book in Chapter 1, the history of QA systems and the architecture of different QA approaches are explained in Chapter 2. It starts with early close domain QA systems and reviews different generations of QA up to state-of-the-art hybrid models. Next, Chapter 3 is devoted to explaining the datasets and the metrics used for evaluating TextQA and KBQA. Chapter 4 introduces the neural and deep learning models used in QA systems. This chapter includes the required knowledge of deep learning and neural text representation models for comprehending the QA models over text and QA models over knowledge base explained in Chapters 5 and 6, respectively. In some of the KBQA models the textual data is also used as another source besides the knowledge base; these hybrid models are studied in Chapter 7. In Chapter 8, a detailed explanation of some well-known real applications of the QA systems is provided. Eventually, open issues and future work on QA are discussed in Chapter 9. This book delivers a comprehensive overview on QA over text, QA over knowledge base, and hybrid QA systems which can be used by researchers starting in this field. It will help its readers to follow the state-of-the-art research in the area by providing essential and basic knowledge.

Download or read book Base Realignment and Closure written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Base Closures written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Construction and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book U S Overseas Bases Present Status and Future Prospects written by Army Library (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Military Base Closures written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee for Special Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ECAI 2010 written by European Coordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LC copy bound in 2 v.: v. 1, p. 1-509; v. 2, p. [509]-1153.

Download or read book Work Stoppage at Missile Bases written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Airfield Management Specialist AFSC 27151 Base operations written by John R. Jacobs and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of the Defense Secretary s Commission on Base Realignment and Closure written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Installations and Facilities and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Base Closures written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Military Installations and Facilities and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Philippines Relations and the New Base and Aid Agreement written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management written by Arthur G. Bedeian and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation of the National Defense Program written by United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee Investigating the National Defense Program and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Military Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 1414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book AGRONOMIC BASE NUMBER NINE PART 2 written by Tram Doan and published by TRAM DOAN. This book was released on with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 25: Strange Kill Team Wei Le heard the sound, her hair stood up. She suddenly stood up and turned around. Sure enough, she saw an extremely handsome young man standing in the light behind her. "Cousin." Wei Le bowed his head and called out honestly. Diep Truong Minh came two steps closer, his long eyelashes slightly drooped, his eyes swept over to Wei Le: "Didn't you say you didn't know Nghiem Tinh Thuy?" He remembered. The day before at a party, she had just said she didn't know Nghiem Tinh Thuy, but today she contacted the other person. When Diep Truong Minh arrived, the two of them were ready to hang up. He still hadn't seen his face. of the other person, but he heard her voice, which was Nghiem Tinh Thuy. "Huh?" Wei Le heard these words, remembered her cousin's first question, her face looked confused, "I was just chatting with my student, not Nghiem Tinh Thuy." Again, Nghiem Tinh Thuy and his student looked after me. completely different, her cousin is still young, there won't be any problems with his eyes, right? Diep Truong Minh was silent, he didn't hear that voice wrong.

Download or read book Study of Airpower written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: