Download or read book The Prospect of Increased Japanese Military Burdensharing written by Hajime Matsusaki and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of trade imbalance between the United States and Japan persists, and the voices that demand Japan's greater role in defense burdensharing become more frequent and intense. Congress is again introducing a resolution that requires the president to enter into negotiations with Japan to increase its defense budget from about 1 percent of GNP to 3 percent. Japan, therefore, faces serious challenges. The anticipated economic slowdown in Japan and rising domestic problems will adversely impact Japan's quality of life. Thus, Japan's defense efforts become an even more serious issue by having to continue to rely on the United States to provide security and stability in Northeast Asia. Japan's attempt to increase its share of defense burden faces strong opposition in Japan as well as in other Asian nations. The Japanese, in general, do not perceive the Soviet threat to be real despite the presence of large Soviet forces just off Japan. Additionally, the Japanese argue that any attempt at rearming is prohibited by the Constitution imposed by the United States after World War II. Furthermore, some state that the current level of Japan Self-Defense Forces represents a balance between the dictates of the Constitution and the need to defend Japan against a small-scale attack--any increase in their military capability amounts to rearming. Other Asian nations remain fearful of Japan's rise toward military power and object to any attempt of Japan playing a greater military role in Asia. Negotiating, then, for a much greater role in defense burden-sharing will be difficult.

Download or read book The U S Japan Alliance written by Robert F. Reed and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-04 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only of late has defense "burden sharing" emerged as a key issue in U.S.-Japanese relations. This monograph examines the legal, political, economic, and attitudinal constraints inhibiting the Japanese from contributing more to their defense. Includes discussion on the legal obligation of burden sharing; indicators of contribution to defense; legal, policy, and political constraints; Japan's defense contribution and some initiatives for increased burden sharing; and U.S. strategy to influence Japan's contribution. Charts and tables.

Download or read book Prospects for Increased U S Japan Defense Burden sharing written by Robert Joseph Tate and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Burden Sharing Dilemma written by Brian D. Blankenship and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Burden-Sharing Dilemma examines the conditions under which the United States is willing and able to pressure its allies to assume more responsibility for their own defense. The United States has a mixed track record of encouraging allied burden-sharing—while it has succeeded or failed in some cases, it has declined to do so at all in others. This variation, Brian D. Blankenship argues, is because the United States tailors its burden-sharing pressure in accordance with two competing priorities: conserving its own resources and preserving influence in its alliances. Although burden-sharing enables great power patrons like the United States to lower alliance costs, it also empowers allies to resist patron influence. Blankenship identifies three factors that determine the severity of this burden-sharing dilemma and how it is managed: the latent military power of allies, the shared external threat environment, and the level of a patron's resource constraints. Through case studies of US alliances formed during the Cold War, he shows that a patron can mitigate the dilemma by combining assurances of protection with threats of abandonment and by exercising discretion in its burden-sharing pressure. Blankenship's findings dismantle assumptions that burden-sharing is always desirable but difficult to obtain. Patrons, as the book reveals, can in fact be reluctant to seek burden-sharing, and attempts to pass defense costs to allies can often be successful. At a time when skepticism of alliance benefits remains high and global power shifts threaten longstanding pacts, The Burden-Sharing Dilemma recalls and reconceives the value of burden-sharing and alliances.

Download or read book Essays on Strategy written by Thomas C. Gill and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996-06 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflects a wide range of issues confronting strategists. Two essays in the collection examine how the U.S. might shape anew its relationship with Japan and Western Europe, given economic and political strength of these important allies- strengths that are largely a result of successful U.S. postwar strategy. Included: Wider Effects of the Vietnam War, The future of SDI, Superpower War Termination, Managing Security Assistance, Europe and Future U.S. Security, Japanese Miltiary Burdensharing, Soviet Pacific Policy, and Is War Obsolete?

Download or read book The US NATO and Military Burden Sharing written by Stephen J. Cimbala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-10-21 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study establishes that the political, economic and military-technological changes that transform the international system also alter the way in which a state views its and others' responsibilities and burdens for responding to international crises. It assesses the distribution of the costs of raising and supporting arms of service, the risks of deploying them overseas and using them in combat or peace operations, and the extent to which members have a responsibility for maintaining international order in the context of three instances of multinational military intervention: the Multinational Force deployment in Lebanon in 1982-83; the first Persian Gulf War in 1990-91; and the UN and NATO intervention in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Download or read book Military Alliances in the Twenty First Century written by Alexander Lanoszka and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-10 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alliance politics is a regular headline grabber. When a possible military crisis involving Russia, North Korea, or China rears its head, leaders and citizens alike raise concerns over the willingness of US allies to stand together. As rival powers have tightened their security cooperation, the United States has stepped up demands that its allies increase their defense spending and contribute more to military operations in the Middle East and elsewhere. The prospect of former President Donald Trump unilaterally ending alliances alarmed longstanding partners, even as NATO was welcoming new members into its ranks. Military Alliances in the Twenty-First Century is the first book to explore fully the politics that shape these security arrangements – from their initial formation through the various challenges that test them and, sometimes, lead to their demise. Across six thematic chapters, Alexander Lanoszka challenges conventional wisdom that has dominated our understanding of how military alliances have operated historically and into the present. Although military alliances today may seem uniquely hobbled by their internal difficulties, Lanoszka argues that they are in fact, by their very nature, prone to dysfunction.

Download or read book American Japanese Security Agreements Past and Present written by Thomas A. Drohan and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What led two mortal enemies to become allies nine years after the end of World War II? When the Allies began their occupation of defeated Axis countries, many people favored a program of harsh reparation and demilitarization. For the United States, this was tempered with a desire not only to prevent such a war from happening again but to help the occupied countries rebuild their economic and political infrastructure. This aspiration, coupled with the rise of communist China and its perceived threat not only to Southeast Asia but the world, formed the catalyst for a U.S.-Japanese alliance. The alliance between the United States and Japan persists in spite of changing political world views. The changes which have affected world politics have often resulted in corresponding adjustments to the U.S.-Japan security agreement. From 1954 to the present day, this volume takes an in-depth look at the fundamental nature of the relationship. The book addresses the historical origins of security relations in both countries and the ways in which these formed the basis for their postwar security cooperation and examines the negotiated set of shared military, economic and political agreements and expectations which have shaped their relationship. The work's main focus, however, is the way in which this alliance has evolved. Four cases of significant policy change--in 1960, 1981, 1987 and 1997--are analyzed along with a discussion of the relevant strategic and tactical realities of the time. The reactions of the United States and Japan to recent events such as Iraq's Kuwait invasion and the 2001 terrorist attacks on America are also discussed. Numerous tables are included.

Download or read book Technical Reports Awareness Circular TRAC written by and published by . This book was released on 1988-07 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technology and the Pursuit of Economic Growth written by David C. Mowery and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-07-26 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology's contribution to economic growth and competitiveness has been the subject of vigorous debate in recent years. This book demonstrates the importance of a historical perspective in understanding the role of technological innovation in the economy. The authors examine key episodes and institutions in the development of the U.S. research system and in the development of the research systems of other industrial economies. They argue that the large potential contributions of economics to the understanding of technology and economic growth have been constrained by the narrow theoretical framework employed within neoclassical economies. A richer framework, they believe, will support a more fruitful dialogue among economists, policymakers, and managers on the organization of public and private institutions for innovation. David Mowery is Associate Professor of Business and Public Policy at the School of Business Administration, University of California, Berkeley. Nathan S. Rosenberg is Fairleigh Dickinson Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He is the author of Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics (CUP, 1983).

Download or read book Worse Than a Monolith written by Thomas J. Christensen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-14 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In brute-force struggles for survival, such as the two World Wars, disorganization and divisions within an enemy alliance are to one's own advantage. However, most international security politics involve coercive diplomacy and negotiations short of all-out war. Worse Than a Monolith demonstrates that when states are engaged in coercive diplomacy--combining threats and assurances to influence the behavior of real or potential adversaries--divisions, rivalries, and lack of coordination within the opposing camp often make it more difficult to prevent the onset of conflict, to prevent existing conflicts from escalating, and to negotiate the end to those conflicts promptly. Focusing on relations between the Communist and anti-Communist alliances in Asia during the Cold War, Thomas Christensen explores how internal divisions and lack of cohesion in the two alliances complicated and undercut coercive diplomacy by sending confusing signals about strength, resolve, and intent. In the case of the Communist camp, internal mistrust and rivalries catalyzed the movement's aggressiveness in ways that we would not have expected from a more cohesive movement under Moscow's clear control. Reviewing newly available archival material, Christensen examines the instability in relations across the Asian Cold War divide, and sheds new light on the Korean and Vietnam wars. While recognizing clear differences between the Cold War and post-Cold War environments, he investigates how efforts to adjust burden-sharing roles among the United States and its Asian security partners have complicated U.S.-China security relations since the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Download or read book Multinational Military Intervention written by Stephen J. Cimbala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War, as Clausewitz reminds, is the most uncertain of human political and social activities. It also imposes burdens. In an alliance among states for the promotion of collective defense or security, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), burdens have to be shared. This study looks at the experience of the United States and other member states of NATO in four situations of multinational military intervention - Lebanon, the Persian Gulf, the Balkans, and South Asia - and considers the implications of nuclear arms reductions and nonproliferation for the US and NATO. Each case study represents an important period in the distribution of power, interest, and values, amounting to more than a sequential consideration of incidents of military intervention and/or conflict prevention. These politico-military challenges include a major coalition war, a traditional peacekeeping operation, an exercise in peace enforcement, and a conflict that combines counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism with stability and security operations.

Download or read book Japan the United States and Prospects for the Asia Pacific Century written by Richard P. Cronin and published by Institute of Southeast Asian. This book was released on 1992 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a framework for considering the ramifications of Japan's expanding role and influence in the Asia-Pacific region. It documents Japan's emergence as the regional "core economy"; reviews the factor that may influence Tokyo's future political and military rule; poses alternative scenarios for the evolving Asia-Pacific economic, political and security order; analyses the factors and conditions that may determine which, if any, of those alternative scenarios might prevail; and considers the implications for future politico-economic relationships and the Asia-Pacific power balance.

Download or read book Multilateral Asian Security Architecture written by See Seng Tan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comparative assessment of the material and ideational contributions of five countries to the regional architecture of post-Cold War Asia. In contrast to the usual emphasis placed on the role and centrality of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Asia’s multilateral architecture and its component institutions, this book argues that the four non-ASEAN countries of interest here 3⁄4 Australia, Japan, China and the United States 3⁄4 and Indonesia have played and continue to play an influential part in determining the shape and substance of Asian multilateralism from its pre-inception to the present. The work does not contend that existing scholarship overstates ASEAN’s significance to the successes and failures of Asia’s multilateral enterprise. Rather, it claims that the impact of non-ASEAN stakeholders in innovating multilateral architecture in Asia has been understated. Whether ASEAN has fared well or poorly as a custodian of Asia’s regional architecture, the fact remains that the countries considered here, notwithstanding their present discontent over the state of that architecture, are key to understanding the evolution of Asian multilateralism. This book will be of much interest to students of Asian politics, international organisations, security studies and IR more generally.

Download or read book The Evolution of the US Japan Alliance written by Matteo Dian and published by Chandos Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US-Japan alliance has contributed significantly towards the development of the Japanese security strategy. The Evolution of the US-Japan Alliance explores developments in the alliance between the US and Japan and analyzes the transformation of the Japanese security strategy from 1960 to 2013. It also describes the rise and the decline of Japanese pacifism and of the Yoshida Doctrine, the post war security strategy. Moreover, this book highlights how the end of the Cold War forced Japan to rethink its security strategy and post war pacifism. Japan has abandoned its identity of "peaceful nation, turning itself into a "normal national, drawing closer to the United States. - Provides readers with a theoretical framework through which they can make sense of the evolutions of the US-Japan alliance and the evolution of the Japanese security strategy throughout post war history - Provides a comprehensive overview of the shifts in the Japanese security strategies and in the American foreign and security policies in the Asia Pacific region - Makes extensive use of primary sources - Addresses main debates on security alliances and security strategies - Incorporates the latest events such as the American Pivot to Asia

Download or read book NATO s Burden Sharing Disputes written by Tommi Koivula and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-26 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book states that burden-sharing is one of the most persisting sources for tension and disagreement within NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation). It also belongs to one of the most studied issues within NATO with distinguishable traditions and schools of thought. However, this pertinent question has been rarely discussed extensively by academics. The key idea of the book is to make burden-sharing more understandable as a historical, contemporary and future phenomenon. The authors take a comprehensive look at what is actually meant with burden-sharing and how it has evolved as a concept and a real-life phenomenon through the 70 years of NATO’s existence.