Download or read book Presentation of Endogenous Antigens by MHC Class II Molecules written by Kenneth Adam Frauwirth and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Presentation of Endogenous Antigens by MHC Class II Molecules written by Italo Anthony Dodi and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Download or read book MHC class II restricted processing of endogenous antigens during viral infection written by Joseph D. Comber and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MHC class II presented peptides are derived from both exogenous (extracellular) and endogenous (biosynthesized) sources of antigen. Several endogenous antigen processing pathways have been reported, with recent studies focusing on a macroautophagy dependent pathway of endogenous processing. In this pathway, autophagosomes capture viral antigens and traffic them to the late endosome compartment for processing and subsequent loading onto MHC class II molecules. Although macroautophagy presentation of several individual epitopes has been reported, little is known about the relative contribution to global CD4 + T cell responses against complex antigens. Here, we demonstrate that influenza virus infection triggered productive macroautophagy and autophagy-dependent presentation was readily observed with model antigens that naturally traffic to the autophagosome. Furthermore, treatments that enhance or inhibit macroautophagy modulated the level of presentation from these antigens. However, validated ELISpot assays of influenza-specific CD4+ T cells from infected mice using a variety of antigen presenting cells, including primary dendritic cells, revealed no detectable macroautophagy-dependent component. In contrast, the contribution of proteasome-dependent endogenous antigen processing to the global influenza CD4+ response was readily appreciated. The contribution of macroautophagy to the MHC class II restricted response may vary depending upon the pathogen. It is also apparent that the endogenous processing pathways are highly regulated which could impact both autophagy mediated and proteasome mediated presentation. Although the role of cytokines and TLR agonists in antigen presentation is well studied, much less is known about the role the virus itself has on this process. Here, we demonstrate markedly different presentation levels of the endogenous epitopes S3 and NA79 but nearly identical presentation levels of the classical exogenous S1 epitope between two variants of the PR8 strain of influenza virus. This inhibition was not due to inhibition of protein synthesis but rather to the presence of defective interfering particles in one of the viral preparations. We termed the variant the led to robust endogenous presentation wild-thpe and the variant containing defective interfering particles DI PR8. This inhibition in presentation could be reproduced by overexpressing RIG-I, a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor, implicating DI particle (RNA intermediates) association with RIG-I in the alteration of endogenous processing.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antigen Processing and Recognition written by James McCluskey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-09-03 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a state-of-the-art review of the processing, presentation, and subsequent recognition of antigens by T cells. Topics discussed include the structure of MHC molecules, the nature and specificity of human class II molecule interactions with peptide antigens, the class II invariant chain, antigen processing and presentation by class I MHC molecules, the biology of antigen processing, and the presentation and role of accessory molecules in T cell recognition. Other chapters feature discussions about the T cell allorecognition of MHC molecules, the recognition of minor antigens, and the concept of "superantigens." Color plates demonstrate the three-dimensional structure of MHC molecules and peptide antigen interaction with MHC molecules. Diagrams illustrate antigen presentation pathways, T cell receptor-MHC interaction and accessory molecule interactions. Antigen Processing and Recognition will be a valuable addition to the libraries of students and teachers of immunology, as well as cell biologists who are looking for a unified view of this rapidly expanding subject.
Download or read book MHC Class II Presentation of an Endogenous Antigen written by George Ernest Loss and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Avian Immunology written by Bernd Kaspers and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Avian Immunology provides an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of avian immunology. From the ontogeny of the avian immune system to practical application in vaccinology, the book encompasses all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity in chickens. In addition, chapters are devoted to the immunology of other commercially important species such as turkeys and ducks, and to ecoimmunology summarizing the knowledge of immune responses in free-living birds often in relation to reproductive success. The book contains a detailed description of the avian innate immune system, encompassing the mucosal, enteric, respiratory and reproductive systems. The diseases and disorders it covers include immunodepressive diseases and immune evasion, autoimmune diseases, and tumors of the immune system. Practical aspects of vaccination are examined as well. Extensive appendices summarize resources for scientists including cell lines, inbred chicken lines, cytokines, chemokines, and monoclonal antibodies. The world-wide importance of poultry protein for the human diet, as well as the threat of avian influenza pandemics like H5N1 and heavy reliance on vaccination to protect commercial flocks makes this book a vital resource. This book provides crucial information not only for poultry health professionals and avian biologists, but also for comparative and veterinary immunologists, graduate students and veterinary students with an interest in avian immunology. - With contributions from 33 of the foremost international experts in the field, this book provides the most up-to-date review of avian immunology so far - Contains a detailed description of the avian innate immune system reviewing constitutive barriers, chemical and cellular responses; it includes a comprehensive review of avian Toll-like receptors - Contains a wide-ranging review of the "ecoimmunology" of free-living avian species, as applied to studies of population dynamics, and reviews methods and resources available for carrying out such research
Download or read book MHC Ligands and Peptide Motifs written by Hans-Georg Rammensee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is centered on a comprehensive list of MHC peptide motifs and ligands as known to date, together with selected T cell epitopes, arranged in an easy-to-read fashion. This information is put into context by chapters on MHC gene organization, MHC structure, T cell epitope prediction, antigen processing and T cell responses. In addition, the book provides a great deal of complementary information: amino acid sequences of MHC class I alpha1 and alpha2 domains and of class II alpha1 and beta1 domains, the established or predicted composition and specificity of MHC pockets, notes on MHC nomenclature including old assignments and reference to useful internet addresses. A handy reference manual that should be helpful for all those dealing with MHC-associated peptides.
Download or read book Antigen Presentation written by J. Lindsay Whitton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antigen presentation is central to the immune response, and is instrumental in ensuring that the response mounted is that best suited to the eradication of the particular microbe faced. In this volume, experts in the field provide state-of-the-art descriptions of the antigen presentation pathways. How do viruses disrupt these critical pathways, and to what effect? Do all tissues present antigen in the same way? If not, why? What are the consequences of dysfunctional antigen presentation, seen in certain genetic disorders? This book considers not only the molecular details, but also their relevance to the whole organism.
Download or read book MHC Molecules Expression Assembly and Function written by Robert G. Urban and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3 nant expression systems have been used to make MHC molecules con taining a single peptide of interest. To date, fifteen single peptide class I structures (incorporating three different HLA and two different H-2 allotypes/isotypes) and four additional class II structures (two single peptide complexes and two superantigen complexes) have been reported. These advances have enabled us to study the atomic detail of antigen presentation and the general mechanisms behind peptide binding, and begin to construct models of T cell recognition. Another area of research which has exploded over the past five years has been the identification of MHC-associated peptides. There are several methods one can use to determine the sequence identity of MHC restricted peptides. Historically, the most successful technique, albeit crude and encumbered with serious limitations, has been the use of overlapping synthetic peptides and T cell clones. Unfortunately, this method absolutely requires: (i) knowledge of the target antigen; (ii) availability of T cell clones; and (iii) a relatively short overall length for the target source protein, such that a set of overlapping pep tides can be affordably synthesized. Briefly, the entire sequence of the tar get protein is chemically synthesized using overlapping peptides which are then screened for biological activity using standard T cell presen tation assays. Despite its limitations, this method was used to identify the first immunodominant epitopes reported in the literature and con tinues to be used successfully today.
Download or read book Antigen Processing and Presentation written by Robert Edward Humphreys and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the few volumes dedicated to antigen processing, this unique text is not only especially current but also valuable for its description of petentially "hot" areas with its "Future Directions" sections. * Current, important topics covered by this text include: Processing and presentation of foreign and self protein antigens to T lymphocytes Intracellular assembley and transport of MHC proteins Regulation of the assembley and expression of processed antigen-MHC complexes
Download or read book Role of Cytosolic Heat Shock Proteins in the Processing and Presentation of Endogenous Antigens by Tumor Cells written by Andrew D. Wells and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antigen Processing Presentation written by Peter Cresswell and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Antigen Processing and Presentation by Peptide linked MHC Class I Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MHC class I molecules usually present peptides derived from antigens digested in the cytosol by proteasomes and transported into the ER by TAP. However, also antigens that are internalized into the endocytic tract can be processed for class I-mediated presentation in either a proteasome/TAP-dependent or a TAP-independent fashion. While this cross-presentation pathway is established for exogenous soluble and particulate antigens in professional antigen presenting cells (pAPC), little is known about the endolysosomal processing of endogenous transmembrane antigens into class I-binding peptides by non-pAPCs. In my thesis I investigated the Kb-restricted presentation of class I-peptide fusion proteins as a model antigen system. I studied the alternative, TAP-independent MHC class I antigen processing pathway in TAP1-/- and tapasin-/- immortalized fibroblasts as well as TAP-deficient RMA-S T lymphoma cells. I showed that the ovalbumin (OVA)-derived epitope SIINFEKL (S8L) is cleaved out of various sequence contexts when tethered to the N terminus of Kd and Kb and presented to SIINFEKL/Kb specific B3Z T hybridoma cells. Antigen presentation was inhibited by acidophilic amines and inhibitors of the vacuolar proton pump indicating processing in endosomes. Inhibitors of endolysosomal cysteine and aspartic proteases also interfered with presentation, whereas the ER aminopeptidase ERAP1 and the trans-Golgi endoprotease furin did not detectably contribute to processing. Fusion proteins containing short N-terminal extensions of S8L and different C-terminal flanking residues were efficiently presented while longer N-terminal extensions showed reduced presentation. Also, proline introduced as N- or C-terminal flanking residue of the S8L epitope resulted in reduced presentation. Not only TAP-deficient cells but also TAP-competent P815 and Ltk- cells utilized the vacuolar pathway for processing of peptide-tagged class I molecules. I have characterized the mode of fusion protein inter.
Download or read book Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases written by Hans D. Ochs and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 745 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases presents discussions of gene identification, mutation detection, and clinical and research applications for over 100 genetic immune disorders--disorders featuring an increased susceptibility to infections and, in certain conditions, an icreased rate of malignancies and autoimmune disorders. Since the publication of the first edition, a flurry of new disease entities has been defined and new treatment regimens have been introduced, the most spectacular being successful treatment by gene therapy for two genotypes of combined immunodeficiency. The first edition marked a historic turning point in the field of immunodeficiencies, demonstrating that many of the disorders of the immune systam could be understood at a molecular level. This new edition can proudly document the tremendous pace of progress in dissecting the complex immunologic networks responsible for protecting individuals from these disorders.
Download or read book The HLA System written by John Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume documents our growing understanding of the human major histocompatibility complex. The application of this information is ever more important as the limits of transplantation continue to be reduced, including the recent success of bone marrow transplantation between unrelated but closely matched individuals. In addition, the need to transfuse platelets in the face of immunologic barriers continues to challenge transfusion services. Thus, the serologic information summarized in this volume is essential for optimal patient care. At the same time, recombinant DNA technology has led to a revolution in our understanding of many aspects of basic biology. Among the advances has been the initial characterization of the structure of some HLA loci. While this will ultimately improve clinical services, constant reference to serologic data is essential so that the powerful new techniques can be applied in the most effective ways. The timing of the First Red Cross International Histocompatibility Workshop is fortunate as it brings together experts from around the world to address the state of the art. We are all grateful to Dr. John Lee and his colleagues for organizing the workshop, and for bringing together in this volume the material to be presented in Beijing during October 17-23, 1990. Leon W. Hoyer, M.D.
