Download or read book The Potential Impact of the Economic Partnership Agreement EPA Between CEMAC and the EU written by Emmanuel Ambe Timah and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Impact Study of the EU ACP Economic Partnership Agreements EPAs in the Six ACP Regions written by Lionel Fontagne and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article provides a detailed analysis of the trade-related aspects of economic partnership agreement (EPA) negotiations for the six Africa-Caribbean-Pacific (ACP) negotiation groups including ECOWAS, CEMAC+, COMESA, SADC, CARIFORUM and Pacific. We use a partial equilibrium model--focusing on the demand side--at the HS6 level (covering 5,113 HS6 products). Two lists of sensitive products are constructed: focusing on the agricultural sectors and tariff revenue preservation. For the European Union (EU), EPAs must translate into 90% fully liberalised bilateral trade to be World Trade Organisation compatible. We use this criterion to simulate EPAs for each negotiating regional block. ACP exports to the EU are forecast to be 10% higher with EPAs, than under the generalised system of preference 'Everything But Arms' option. ACP countries, especially African ones, are forecast to lose an average of 71% of tariff revenues on EU imports in the long run. Imports from other regions of the world will continue to provide tariff revenues. Thus, if we compute tariff revenue losses on total ACP imports, losses are only 25% on average over the long run and as low as 19% if the product lists are optimised. The final impact depends on the importance of tariffs in government revenue and on potential compensatory effects. However, this long-term and less visible effect will depend mainly on the capacity of each ACP country to reorganise its fiscal base.

Download or read book Negotiating Regions written by Helmut Asche and published by Leipziger Universitätsverlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ex post Evaluation of the EPA Between the EU and Its Member States and the CARIFORUM Member States written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report of the study "Ex-post evaluation of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and CARIFORUM." The evaluation covers the 10-year period since the EPA has been provisionally applied, namely 2008-2018. With the creation of the Caribbean Community in 1973 the countries of the Caribbean embarked on a process of regional integration. Regional integration, cooperation and engagement were and are the best response to the host of challenges faced by all Caribbean countries. Today these challenges range from the impact of COVID-19 on tourism industries, over regional fragmentation and import dependence, to climate change threatening marine eco-systems or increasing the intensity of hurricanes. The countries do not face these challenges alone, but together with their key partners, the European Union and the US, but also new and emerging partners such as an increasingly active China. Tied together by more than 500 years of shared but also difficult history, as of 2008 the partnership between the Caribbean and Europe is also highlighted by the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and CARIFORUM. It is a first of its kind agreement, comprehensively covering a wide range of areas beyond the traditional purview of trade agreements. The EPA came out of the realization that traditional trade liberalization alone will not yield strong development impacts, and that a more comprehensive scope and depth is needed. Before the EPA was concluded, CARIFORUM countries received non-reciprocal market access to the EU under the EU-ACP agreements. This market access to the EU was on more favourable terms than for other developing countries, which is not in line with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and this situation could therefore not be sustained. Without a new trade agreement in place, the Caribbean countries would have traded with the EU under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) regime or Most Favoured Nation (MFN) regime, which would subject the region's most important exports (notably sugar, bananas and rum) to high EU duties. Therefore, the EU and CARIFORUM started the negotiations for a new reciprocal trade agreement in April 2004. In December 2007 the negotiations for the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) were concluded and the agreement provisionally entered into force on 29 December 2008. As the first comprehensive EPA at the time, it not only covers reciprocal liberalisation of trade in goods, but also trade in services, investment as well as many other aspects (e.g. customs, e-commerce, competition, sustainable development). The comprehensiveness was also based on the insight that many of the traditional as well as emerging industries of the Caribbean - tourism, services, creative industries, among others - do need tailored disciplines. In addition, development co-operation is an integral part of the agreement, seeing that with their often small size Caribbean countries need technical assistance to fully realize their export potential to the EU. The objective of the evaluation is to determine the extent to which the CARIFORUM-EU EPA has been implemented, where the bottlenecks lie and the extent to which the EPA has contributed effectively and efficiently to reach the objectives it set out. In addition, the evaluation examines the relevance of the EPA in relation to current trade and development issues, as well as its coherence with other EU policy instruments affecting the Caribbean. Based on this analysis, the evaluation aimed to capture important lessons learnt and offer recommendations to address some of the challenges and barriers. In terms of geographical scope, the evaluation covers the EPA both from the perspective of the EU and CARIFORUM with regard to its implementation, functioning and use, as well as the overall knowledge and awareness of it. The evaluation of economic, social and environmental impacts, along with the evaluation of development cooperation efforts, focusses on the CARIFORUM countries.

Download or read book Fiscal Impact of the Economic Partnership Agreement EPA in West Africa written by David Laborde and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Delivering on Promises The Expected Impacts and Implementation Challenges of the Economic Partnership Agreements Between the European Union and Africa written by Bernhard Tröster and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic partnership agreements (EPAs) mark a new era in economic relations between the European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries that will lead to reciprocal tariff liberalization. Model-based impact assessments have become a powerful tool in trade negotiations and mixed results are reported for ACP countries. Given their set-up within a neoclassical framework, these models neglect important issues such as impacts on employment, macroeconomic balances and adjustment costs. The structuralist computable general equilibrium model applied in this article for three African EPA regions addresses these shortcomings and shows negative macroeconomic and distributional effects and important adjustment costs associated with employment and public revenue losses. These results highlight the importance of policy responses to deliver on promises associated with EPAs, namely sustainable economic development. More generally, they show the importance of alternative models to understand implementation challenges and facilitate broader debates about bilateral trade agreements.

Download or read book Ex post Evaluation of the EPA Between the EU and Its Member States and the CARIFORUM Member States written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report of the study "Ex-post evaluation of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and CARIFORUM." The evaluation covers the 10-year period since the EPA has been provisionally applied, namely 2008-2018. With the creation of the Caribbean Community in 1973 the countries of the Caribbean embarked on a process of regional integration. Regional integration, cooperation and engagement were and are the best response to the host of challenges faced by all Caribbean countries. Today these challenges range from the impact of COVID-19 on tourism industries, over regional fragmentation and import dependence, to climate change threatening marine eco-systems or increasing the intensity of hurricanes. The countries do not face these challenges alone, but together with their key partners, the European Union and the US, but also new and emerging partners such as an increasingly active China. Tied together by more than 500 years of shared but also difficult history, as of 2008 the partnership between the Caribbean and Europe is also highlighted by the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and CARIFORUM. It is a first of its kind agreement, comprehensively covering a wide range of areas beyond the traditional purview of trade agreements. The EPA came out of the realization that traditional trade liberalization alone will not yield strong development impacts, and that a more comprehensive scope and depth is needed. Before the EPA was concluded, CARIFORUM countries received non-reciprocal market access to the EU under the EU-ACP agreements. This market access to the EU was on more favourable terms than for other developing countries, which is not in line with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and this situation could therefore not be sustained. Without a new trade agreement in place, the Caribbean countries would have traded with the EU under the Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) regime or Most Favoured Nation (MFN) regime, which would subject the region's most important exports (notably sugar, bananas and rum) to high EU duties. Therefore, the EU and CARIFORUM started the negotiations for a new reciprocal trade agreement in April 2004. In December 2007 the negotiations for the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) were concluded and the agreement provisionally entered into force on 29 December 2008. As the first comprehensive EPA at the time, it not only covers reciprocal liberalisation of trade in goods, but also trade in services, investment as well as many other aspects (e.g. customs, e-commerce, competition, sustainable development). The comprehensiveness was also based on the insight that many of the traditional as well as emerging industries of the Caribbean - tourism, services, creative industries, among others - do need tailored disciplines. In addition, development co-operation is an integral part of the agreement, seeing that with their often small size Caribbean countries need technical assistance to fully realize their export potential to the EU. The objective of the evaluation is to determine the extent to which the CARIFORUM-EU EPA has been implemented, where the bottlenecks lie and the extent to which the EPA has contributed effectively and efficiently to reach the objectives it set out. In addition, the evaluation examines the relevance of the EPA in relation to current trade and development issues, as well as its coherence with other EU policy instruments affecting the Caribbean. Based on this analysis, the evaluation aimed to capture important lessons learnt and offer recommendations to address some of the challenges and barriers. In terms of geographical scope, the evaluation covers the EPA both from the perspective of the EU and CARIFORUM with regard to its implementation, functioning and use, as well as the overall knowledge and awareness of it. The evaluation of economic, social and environmental impacts, along with the evaluation of development cooperation efforts, focusses on the CARIFORUM countries.

Download or read book Protecting Health in the Proposed Economic Partnership Agreement EPA Between East and Southern African ESA Countries and the European Union written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Home Field Advantage EU ACP Economic Partnership Agreement Meeting Locations and Textual Tone written by Samuel Rueckert Brazys and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union's Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with countries in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group are touted as a new age of equitable partnership between European countries and former colonies. However, many critics argue that the EPAs simply substitute a different form of political and economic domination. In this paper, we consider if the siting of meetings has a substantive impact on the language of media describing the EPAs and/or communiques and statements that arise from those discussions. Using data culled from the Global Database of Events, Language and Tone (GDELT) via Google's BigQuery, we use a difference-in-difference like approach to evaluate if the tone and polarity of media reports about the EPAs during periods of 'home' meetings in the ACP countries differs from media reports during 'away' meetings in the EU. We supplement these findings with analysis of joint statements released from a subset of EPA meetings. In general, we find that ACP countries' tone and interests are better represented in media reports during 'home' meetings, but this may not translate to any meaningful difference in actual meeting outcomes. As such, meeting siting may be only a limited tool for reducing political domination.

Download or read book Economic Partnership Agreements EPA written by European Commission. Directorate-General for Trade and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Partnership Agreements EPA written by European Commission. Directorate-General for Development and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economic Partnership Agreements Between the EU and the ACP States written by Konstantin Meier and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses the deadlocks in the negotiations of Economic Partnership Agreements between the EU and the African ACP states in comparison to the successful conclusion of a comprehensive CARIFORUM-EU EPA. In order to approach the topic of deadlock in multinational negotiations, two theoretical concepts from Guy Olivier Faure and Amrita Narlikar are applied. After a detailed overview of the history and state of play in the EPA negotiations, the thesis presents an exploratory research using statistical data, extensive academic literature and personal interviews with negotiators involved and experts in this particular field. The research resulted in two major findings. Firstly, the availability of superior alternatives to the EPAs is deemed to impede an efficient continuation of the negotiations. Secondly, the lack of proper negotiations institutions in the African ACPs appears to be depriving the regions of an effective way to organize and reconcile differing interests. This hinders the formulation of a common agenda to present and defend against the EU in the EPA negotiations.

Download or read book Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and African Caribbean and Pacific Countries What Is at Stake for Senegal written by Valdete Berisha-Krasniqi, Antoine Bouët, and Simon Mevel and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2008 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-09-23 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep trade agreements (DTAs) cover not just trade but additional policy areas, such as international flows of investment and labor and the protection of intellectual property rights and the environment. Their goal is integration beyond trade or deep integration. These agreements matter for economic development. Their rules influence how countries (and hence, the people and firms that live and operate within them) transact, invest, work, and ultimately, develop. Trade and investment regimes determine the extent of economic integration, competition rules affect economic efficiency, intellectual property rights matter for innovation, and environmental and labor rules contribute to environmental and social outcomes. This Handbook provides the tools and data needed to analyze these new dimensions of integration and to assess the content and consequences of DTAs. The Handbook and the accompanying database are the result of collaboration between experts in different policy areas from academia and other international organizations, including the International Trade Centre (ITC), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and World Trade Organization (WTO).

Download or read book Global Economic Prospects 2005 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This annual publication analyses the global and national dimensions of the investment climate for developing countries, in terms of the policy and institutional environment. This edition examines the growth of regional trade agreements, which have risen eight-fold in two decades with currently, as much as 40 percent of global trade taking place among countries that have some form of reciprocal regional trade agreement. Issues discussed include: regional trading trends; effects of regional agreements on trade creation, trade facilitation and services, investment, intellectual property rights, and labour mobility; whether the proliferation of agreements poses risks for multilateral trading system, and if so, options for managing them. The report finds that agreements leading to open regionalism (that is, deeper integration of trade as a result of low external tariffs, increased services competition, and efforts to reduce cross-border and customs delays costs) are effective as part of a larger trade strategy to promote growth. Although regional agreements can prove beneficial to member countries, they can have adverse effects on excluded countries, and the lowering of border barriers around the world is crucial to minimising these effects. The completion of the Doha Development Agenda by all WTO countries will reduce the risk of trade diversion associated with regional agreements and will decrease trade losses of countries excluded from agreements.

Download or read book Cameroon written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEY ISSUES Context. Cameroon’s macroeconomic outlook and risks have deteriorated slightly since the Article IV consultation in 2013. Economic activity has remained strong and inflation subdued, but the fiscal position has worsened; public debt has been rising at a less sustainable pace; government deposits have dwindled; and payment delays have continued. The anticipated growth path may not suffice to reach upper-middle-income country status by 2035. Focus of the consultation and risks. The overarching policy issue remains unchanged: how to set Cameroon on a higher growth path, while mitigating low but growing risks to macroeconomic stability. Spillovers from regional insecurity have become the main exogenous risk; endogenous risks stem from rising contingent liabilities and credit concentration. Past policy advice remains relevant. Key policy recommendations: • Strengthen cash management and expenditure controls to prevent a further accumulation of payment deferrals. • Close the financing gap in 2014, and adopt a downward path for the non-oil primary deficit to rebuild fiscal space and preserve macroeconomic stability. • Improve non-oil revenue by broadening the tax base and streamlining tax exemptions. • Reprioritize public expenditure by reducing fuel subsidies gradually; provide targeted compensation measures for the most vulnerable. • Increase the selectivity of investment projects and adopt a rigorous screening of the financing terms to ensure debt sustainability. • Pursue the resolution of three small distressed banks and support the strengthening of regional bank and microfinance supervision. • Promote higher and more inclusive growth through better targeted educational and social spending, a propitious business climate, and deeper regional integration.

Download or read book Assessing Regional Integration in Africa V written by and published by UN. This book was released on 2012 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth of the series (ARIA/V) has come at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. Its overall objective is to provide an analytical research publication that defines frameworks for African Governments, the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities, towards accelerating the establishment of the African Common Market through: the speedy removal of all tariff and non-tariff barriers, obstacles to free movement of people, investments and factors of production in general across Africa, and through fast-tracking the creation of an African continental Free Trade Area