Download or read book The Politics of Social Security in Brazil written by James Malloy and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil has one of the most elaborate social security systems in Latin America. This study follows the progressive evolution of social insurance policy from 1889 to 1979, through four alternating periods of democratic and authoritarian governments: oligarchic democracy, organic authoritarianism, populist democracy, and bureaucratic authoritarianism.
Download or read book Politics Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by James M Malloy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brazil written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the single most important fiscal issue facing the Brazilian government today. This report summarizes the state, and potential policy implications, of the Brazilian Social security system. It also discusses policy recommendations for: social security and pensions, the national social security system, government pensions and funds, and the complementary pension systems. An overview of the social security challenge reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained). The key to effective reform of social security is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book One Hundred Years of Social Protection written by Lutz Leisering and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the rise of social protection in the global North has been widely researched, we know little about the history of social protection in the global South. This volume investigates the experiences of four middle-income countries - Brazil, India, China and South Africa - from 1920 to 2020, analysing if, when, and how these countries articulated a concern about social issues and social cohesion. As the first in-depth study of the ideational foundations of social protection policies and programmes in these four countries, the contributions demonstrate that the social question was articulated in an increasingly inclusive way. The contributions identify the ideas, beliefs, and visions that underpinned the movement towards inclusion and social peace as well as counteracting doctrines. Drawing on perspectives from the sociology of knowledge, grounded theory, historiography, discourse analysis, and process tracing, the volume will be of interest to scholars across political science, sociology, political economy, history, area studies, and global studies, as well as development experts and policymakers.
Download or read book Politics and Social Security Reform in the Southern Cone and Brazil written by Stephen James Kay and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Politics Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The System of Social Protection in Brazil written by Sônia Draibe and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political and Institutional Drivers of Social Security Universalization in Brazil written by Marcus André Campelo de Melo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the political and institutional factors that shaped the emergence and consolidation of a universal health system (SUS) in Brazil after the transition to democracy in the late 1980s. It argues that a combination of political incentives and political, fiscal and institutional capacities have been at the root of the process of creating such a system. First, the political incentives have been associated with a competitive political system leading a race to serve poor constituencies and to the policy communities and activists within and outside the state. SUS benefitted from this political dynamic and thus became politically sustainable. Second, fiscal capacity and sustainability have been secured by a massive increased taxation and earmarked social expenditures. Third, the systemś success stems from the institutional capacity to run a complex decentralized system. The system appears to reach its limit in terms of the capacity to extend coverage in a context where there is universal formal entitlement to health, but some 30 per cent of the population has access to private insurance. Despite many improvements, many challenges continue to beset the delivery of health care in Brazil, and addressing them adequately will require significant policy changes, not only additional resources. However, finding resources has proven increasingly costly politically and improvements will have to be achieved through efficiency gains. Politically, this is a situation of a zero sum game rather than that of the positive game typical of coverage expansion. Most importantly, the perceived increased personal risks are leading citizens to support creating new resources for the system and for policies to improve the quality of care. A new window of opportunity thus seems to have been opened.
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Download or read book Social Protection and the Market in Latin America written by Sarah M. Brooks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-03 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security institutions have been among the most stable post-war social programs around the world. Increasingly, however, these institutions have undergone profound transformation from public risk-pooling systems to individual market-based designs. Why has this 'privatization' occurred? Why do some governments enact more radical pension privatizations than others? This book provides a theoretical and empirical account of when and to what degree governments privatize national old-age pension systems. Quantitative cross-national analysis simulates the degree of pension privatization around the world and tests competing hypotheses to explain reform outcomes. In addition, comparative analysis of pension reforms in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay evaluate a causal theory of institutional change. The central argument is that pension privatization emerges from political conflict, rather than from exogenous pressures. The argument is developed around three dimensions: the double bind of globalization, contingent path-dependent processes, and the legislative politics of loss imposition.
Download or read book Social Security in Latin America written by William Paul McGreevey and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1990 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reviews the findings of a number of background papers on social security in Latin America, sector work, and a series of three meetings of experts that explored the major issues facing social security institutions. In Latin America, social security institutes have been competently managed for the most part and have a proven record of successfully delivering social services to their members. The central theme of this report is the great, and largely untapped, potential of social security institutions to relieve poverty in Latin America. By taking advantage of the positive characteristics of these institutions and repairing at least some of the efficiency problems, countries could achieve an enhanced level of income security for the aged, better coverage of basic health services, and wider protection from economic disasters for the whole population. A wider revenue base would accommodate an increase in coverage of the population if combined with a prudently designed benefit package. There is ample evidence from countries in the region that have experimented with such reforms that they can be made, and that they are desirable and feasible on economic grounds. Political feasibility is more difficult to assess but can be enhanced by well informed, carefully designed reforms.
Download or read book The Takeover of Social Policy by Financialization written by Lena Lavinas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically addresses the model of social inclusion that prevailed in Brazil under the rule of the Workers Party from the early 2000s until 2015. It examines how the emergence of a mass consumer society proved insufficient, not only to overcome underdevelopment, but also to consolidate the comprehensive social protection system inherited from Brazil’s 1988 Constitution. By juxtaposing different theoretical frameworks, this book scrutinizes how the current finance-dominated capitalism has reshaped the role of social policy, away from rights-based decommodified benefits and towards further commodification. This constitutes the Brazilian paradox: how a center-left government has promoted and boosted financialization through a market incorporation strategy using credit as a lever for expanding financial inclusion. In so doing, it has pushed the subjection of social policy further into the logic of financial markets.
Download or read book Keeping the Promise of Social Security in Latin America written by Indermit S. Gill and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004-10-25 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical analysis of two decades of pioneering pension and social security reform in Latin America and the Caribbean shows that much has been achieved, but that critical challenges remain. In tackling this unfinished agenda, a great deal can be learned from the reform experience of countries in the region. 'Keeping the Promise,' produced by the chief economist's office for the Latin America and Caribbean region at the World Bank, evaluates policy reforms in 12 countries, points to successes and shortcomings, and proposes priorities and options for future reform.
Download or read book Lessons from Pension Reform in the Americas written by Stephen J. Kay and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an analysis of pension reform in all the major countries in the Americas, including successes and failures.
Download or read book Social Policy Expansion in Latin America written by Candelaria Garay and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the twentieth century, much of the population in Latin America lacked access to social protection. Since the 1990s, however, social policy for millions of outsiders - rural, informal, and unemployed workers and dependents - has been expanded dramatically. Social Policy Expansion in Latin America shows that the critical factors driving expansion are electoral competition for the vote of outsiders and social mobilization for policy change. The balance of partisan power and the involvement of social movements in policy design explain cross-national variation in policy models, in terms of benefit levels, coverage, and civil society participation in implementation. The book draws on in-depth case studies of policy making in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico over several administrations and across three policy areas: health care, pensions, and income support. Secondary case studies illustrate how the theory applies to other developing countries.
Download or read book Brazilian Politics written by Alfred P. Montero and published by Polity. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazilian Politics offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the contemporary politics of South Americas largest democracy. Accessibly written for students, the book traces the major trends in Brazils political development and analyses the main challenges facing the country today. Topics covered include the crisis of the state, economic and political causes of inequality and poverty, the failures of the electoral and party system, the widening array of social movements and non-governmental organizations, and the heightened role of Brazil in the areas of international trade, security and diplomacy. Focusing on five key themes the strength of the state, representation, social equity, citizenship and political participation, and the role of the state in a global community of states Alfred Montero shows that Brazilian democracy has advanced greatly in recent years. However, this process is a complex one and, as the author cautions, Brazilian democracy still has a long way to go. But the high public expectations which accompanied the election of Lula da Silva to the presidency in 2002 have given Brazilian politics a renewed optimism and momentum. By building on the achievements of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1994-2002), the book concludes that the Lula presidency holds out the hope of changing Brazilian politics for the long haul. Divided into 8 chapters, each containing a concise introduction outlining the core issues for discussion and an annotated guide to further reading, this book offers the most complete primer available for anyone interested in the politics of contemporary Brazil.
